Zaɓin da ya dace na bututun ƙarfe mara sumul yana da matuƙar ilimi!

Menene buƙatun zaɓar bututun ƙarfe marasa matsala don jigilar ruwa da aka saba amfani da su a masana'antar sarrafa bututun mu? Duba taƙaitaccen bayanin ma'aikatan bututun matsi:

Bututun ƙarfe marasa sumul bututu ne na ƙarfe ba tare da walda ba waɗanda aka ƙera ta hanyoyin magani masu zafi kamar huda da birgima mai zafi.

Idan ya cancanta, ana iya ƙara jan bututun maganin zafi zuwa ga siffar da ake buƙata, girmansa da kuma aikin da ake buƙata. A halin yanzu, bututun ƙarfe marasa shinge (DN15-600) su ne bututun da aka fi amfani da su a cikin kayan aikin samar da man fetur.

Bututun ƙarfe mara sumul

Kayan Karfe Grade: 10#、20#、09MnV、Miliyan 16a cikin nau'ikan 4

Daidaitacce:

Bututun Karfe na GB8163 Mara Sumul don Sabis na Ruwa

GB/T9711 Masana'antar mai da iskar gas—Bututun ƙarfe don tsarin jigilar bututun mai

GB6479 bututun ƙarfe mai ƙarfi mara ƙarfi don kayan aikin taki

Bututun ƙarfe na GB9948 marasa sumul don fashewar man fetur

GB3087 bututun ƙarfe mara sumul don tukunyar jirgi mai matsa lamba mai ƙasa da matsakaici

Bututun ƙarfe na GB/T5310 da bututu marasa sumul don tukunyar jirgi mai matsin lamba mai yawa

GB/T8163: Kayan Karfe Mataki: 10#, 20#, Q345, da sauransu.

Faɗin amfani: mai, mai da iskar gas da kafofin watsa labarai na jama'a waɗanda zafin ƙirarsu bai wuce 350℃ ba kuma matsin lamba bai wuce 10MPa ba.

GB6479: Kayan ƙarfe Mataki: 10#, 20G, 16Mn, da sauransu.

Tsarin aikace-aikace: mai da iskar gas tare da zafin ƙira -40～400℃ da matsin lamba na ƙira 10.0～32.0MPa.

GB9948:

Kayan ƙarfe Grade: 10#, 20#, da sauransu.

Tsarin amfani: lokutan da bututun ƙarfe na GB/T8163 bai dace ba.

GB3087:

Kayan ƙarfe Grade: 10#, 20#, da sauransu.

Tsarin amfani: tururi mai zafi da ruwan zãfi ga tukunyar ruwa mai ƙarancin matsin lamba da matsakaici.

GB5310:

Kayan ƙarfe Grade: 20G da sauransu

Tsarin aikace-aikacen: matsakaicin tururi mai zafi na tukunyar jirgi mai matsin lamba

Dubawa: Gabaɗaya, bututun ƙarfe don jigilar ruwa dole ne a yi nazarin abubuwan da ke cikin sinadarai, gwajin tensile, gwajin lanƙwasa da gwajin hydraulic. Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar gwaje-gwajen da ake buƙata a kan bututun ƙarfe na GB5310, GB6479, da GB9948, ban da gwaje-gwajen da ake buƙata a kan bututun ƙarfe don jigilar ruwa, gwaje-gwajen walƙiya da gwaje-gwajen tasiri; buƙatun duba masana'antu na waɗannan bututun ƙarfe guda uku suna da tsauri. Ma'aunin GB6479 kuma yana yin buƙatu na musamman don taurin tasirin kayan mai ƙarancin zafin jiki. Baya ga buƙatun gwaji na gabaɗaya na bututun ƙarfe don jigilar ruwa, bututun ƙarfe na ma'aunin GB3087 suma suna buƙatar gwaje-gwajen lanƙwasa sanyi. Bututun ƙarfe na GB/T8163, ban da buƙatun gwaji na gabaɗaya don bututun ƙarfe na jigilar ruwa, bisa ga yarjejeniyar, yana buƙatar gwajin faɗaɗawa da gwajin lanƙwasa sanyi. Buƙatun kera waɗannan nau'ikan bututu guda biyu ba su da tsauri kamar nau'ikan uku na farko.

Masana'antu: Bututun ƙarfe na GB/T8163 da GB3087 galibi ana narkar da su a cikin murhu ko na'urar juyawa, kuma ƙazanta da lahani na ciki suna da yawa. GB9948 galibi yana amfani da narkar da wutar lantarki ta tanda. Yawancinsu sun shiga tsarin tacewa a wajen murhu, kuma lahani na abun da ke ciki da na ciki ƙanana ne. Ka'idojin GB6479 da GB5310 da kansu sun ƙayyade buƙatun tsaftacewa a wajen murhu, tare da ƙarancin ƙazanta da lahani na ciki, da mafi girman ingancin kayan aiki.

Zaɓi: Gabaɗaya, bututun ƙarfe na GB/T8163 ya dace da mai, mai da iskar gas da kafofin watsa labarai na jama'a tare da zafin ƙira na ƙasa da 350°C da matsin lamba na ƙasa da 10.0MPa; don kafofin watsa labarai na mai, mai da iskar gas, lokacin da zafin ƙira ya wuce 350°C Ko kuma lokacin da matsin ya fi 10.0MPa, GB9948 ko GB6479 bututun ƙarfe na yau da kullun ya kamata a yi amfani da su; don bututun da ke aiki a cikin hydrogen, ko bututun da ke aiki a cikin yanayin da ke fuskantar tsatsa, ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙa'idodin GB9948 ko GB6479. Duk bututun ƙarfe na carbon da ake amfani da su a ƙananan yanayin zafi (ƙasa da -20°C) ya kamata su ɗauki ƙa'idar GB6479, kuma kawai ta ƙayyade buƙatun don taurin tasirin ƙananan yanayin zafi na kayan. ƙa'idodin GB3087 da GB5310 ƙa'idodi ne da aka saita musamman don bututun ƙarfe na boiler. "Dokokin Kula da Tsaron Boiler" sun jaddada cewa duk bututun da aka haɗa da tukunyar jirgi suna cikin iyakokin kulawa, kuma aikace-aikacen kayan aiki da ƙa'idodi ya kamata su bi ƙa'idodin "Dokokin Kula da Tsaron Boiler". Saboda haka, ana amfani da su a cikin tukunyar jirgi, tashoshin wutar lantarki, wuraren samar da dumama da man fetur. Duk bututun tururi na jama'a (wanda tsarin ke bayarwa) ya kamata su ɗauki ƙa'idodin GB3087 ko GB5310. Ya kamata a lura cewa farashin bututun ƙarfe masu ingantattun ƙa'idodin bututun ƙarfe yana da tsada sosai. Misali, farashin GB9948 ya kusan kashi 1/5 na farashin kayan GB8163. Saboda haka, lokacin zaɓar ƙa'idodin kayan bututun ƙarfe, ya kamata a yi la'akari da yanayin amfani, wanda dole ne ya kasance abin dogaro kuma ya kasance mai araha. Ya kamata kuma a lura cewa ba za a yi amfani da bututun ƙarfe bisa ga ƙa'idodin GB/T20801 da TSGD0001, GB3087 da GB8163 don bututun GC1 ba (sai dai idan ɗaya bayan ɗaya ne mai amfani da ultrasonic, ingancin bai kai ƙasa da L2.5 ba, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don GC1 tare da matsin lamba na ƙira wanda bai fi bututun 4.0Mpa ba).

(二)Ƙananan bututun ƙarfe mara sumul bututu

A cikin kayan aikin samar da man fetur, ƙa'idodin bututun ƙarfe marasa sumul da ake amfani da su a yau da kullun sune GB9948 "Bututun ƙarfe mara sumul don fasa mai" GB6479 "Bututun ƙarfe mara sumul don kayan aikin taki" GB/T5310 "Bututun ƙarfe mara sumul don tukunyar mai mai matsin lamba mai yawa》GB9948 ya ƙunshi ma'aunin ƙarfe na chromium-molybdenum: 12CrMo, 15CrMo, 1Cr2Mo, 1Cr5Mo, da sauransu. Ma'aunin ƙarfe na chromium-molybdenum da aka haɗa a cikin GB6479: 12CrMo, 15CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, da sauransu. GB/T5310 ya ƙunshi ma'aunin ƙarfe na chromium molybdenum da ma'aunin ƙarfe na chromium molybdenum vanadium: 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12Cr1MoVG, da sauransu. Daga cikinsu, wanda aka fi amfani da shi shine GB9948, duba sama don yanayin zaɓi

(三) Bututun bakin karfe mara sumul

Ma'aunin bututun ƙarfe mara sumul da bakin ƙarfe ke amfani da su akai-akai sune:

Akwai ma'auni guda biyar: GB/T14976, GB13296, GB9948, GB6479, da GB5310. Daga cikinsu, ma'auni biyu ko uku ne kawai aka lissafa a cikin ma'auni uku na ƙarshe, kuma ba a saba amfani da su a matsayin ma'auni ba.

Saboda haka, idan ana amfani da ƙa'idodin bututun ƙarfe marasa shinge na bakin ƙarfe a fannin injiniyanci, ana amfani da ƙa'idodin GB/T14976 da GB13296 a zahiri.

GB/T14976 “Bututun ƙarfe mara sumul don jigilar ruwa”:

Ma'aunin kayan aiki: 304, 304L da sauran nau'ikan 19 sun dace da jigilar ruwa gabaɗaya.

GB13296 “Bututun ƙarfe marasa sumul na bakin ƙarfe don tukunyar ruwa da masu musayar zafi”:

Ma'aunin kayan aiki: 304, 304L da sauran nau'ikan 25.

Daga cikinsu, ƙarfe mai ƙarancin carbon mai ƙarfi (304L, 316L) yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga tsatsa. A wasu yanayi, yana iya maye gurbin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi (321, 347) don juriya ga tsatsa ga kafofin watsa labarai; ƙarfe mai ƙarancin carbon mai ƙarfi yana da ƙarancin halayen injiniya mai zafi, gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi ne kawai a yanayin zafi ƙasa da 525℃; ƙarfe mai ƙarfi austenitic yana da kyawawan juriya ga tsatsa da kuma kyawawan halayen injiniya mai zafi, amma Ti a cikin 321 yana da sauƙin shafawa kuma yana ɓacewa yayin walda. Don haka yana rage aikin hana tsatsa, farashinsa yana da tsada sosai, ana amfani da wannan nau'in kayan gabaɗaya a cikin mafi mahimmanci lokatai, 304, 316 yana da aikin hana tsatsa gabaɗaya, farashin yana da arha, don haka ana amfani da shi sosai.