ʻO ke kūlana A335 (ASTM A335/ASME S-A335) he kikoʻī honua no nā paipu kila seamless kila ferritic i hoʻohana ʻia i nā wahi mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ʻoihana petrochemical, mana (mana wela/nukleari), paila a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Loaʻa i nā paipu kila ma lalo o kēia kūlana ka ikaika wela kiʻekiʻe maikaʻi loa, ke kūpaʻa kolo a me ke kūpaʻa i ka palaho, a kūpono no nā kūlana hana koʻikoʻi.
Nā mea maʻamau a me ka haku mele kemika o ke kūlana A335
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea A335 e nā helu "P", a kūpono nā māka like ʻole no nā mahana like ʻole a me nā wahi ʻino:
| Papa | Nā ʻāpana kemika nui | Nā ʻano | Mahana kūpono |
| A335 P5 | Cr 4-6%, Mo 0.45-0.65% | Kūpaʻa i ka pala sulfur a me ke kolo ʻana i nā mahana waena | ≤650°C |
| A335 P9 | Cr 8-10%, Mo 0.9-1.1% | Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka oxidation wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe | ≤650°C |
| A335 P11 | Cr 1.0-1.5%, Mo 0.44-0.65% | Maikaʻi ka weldability a me ka ikaika wela waena | ≤550°C |
| A335 P12 | Cr 0.8-1.25%, Mo 0.44-0.65% | E like me P11, he koho hoʻokele waiwai | ≤550°C |
| A335 P22 | Cr 2.0-2.5%, Mo 0.9-1.1% | ʻO ka pala ʻole o ka hydrogen, i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā paila kikowaena mana | ≤600°C |
| A335 P91 | Cr 8-9.5%, Mo 0.85-1.05% | Ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa, makemake ʻia no nā ʻāpana supercritical | ≤650°C |
| A335 P92 | P91 + W | ʻO ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, kūpono no nā ʻāpana ultra-supercritical | ≤700°C |
Nā hiʻohiʻona noi o nā paipu kila A335
1. ʻOihana petrochemical
A335 P5/P9: nā ʻāpana haki catalytic i loko o nā hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā paipu i loaʻa ka sulfur wela kiʻekiʻe.
A335 P11/P12: nā mea hoʻololi wela, nā paipu hoʻoili mahu mahana waena.
2. ʻOihana mana (mana wela/mana nukelea)
A335 P22: Nā paipu mahu nui a me nā poʻomanaʻo o nā hale hana mana wela kuʻuna.
A335 P91/P92: Nā ʻāpana Supercritical/ultra-supercritical, nā paipu mana nukelea kiʻekiʻe.
3. Nā paila a me nā ipu kaomi
A335 P91: Nā ʻāpana wela kiʻekiʻe o nā paila hana kiʻekiʻe o kēia au.
A335 P92: Nā paipu kū i ke ana wela kiʻekiʻe no nā paila me nā palena kiʻekiʻe.
Pehea e koho ai i ka mea A335 kūpono? Nā koi mahana:
Nā koi mahana:
≤550°C: P11/P12
≤650°C: P5/P9/P22/P91
≤700°C: P92
Kaiapuni ʻino:
Mea hoʻohuihui i loaʻa ka sulfur → P5/P9
Kaiapuni ʻinoʻino hydrogen → P22/P91
Kumukūʻai a me ka ikaika:
Koho waiwai → P11/P12
Nā koi ikaika kiʻekiʻe → P91/P92
Nā kūlana kūlike honua no nā paipu kila A335
| A335 | （EN） | （JIS） |
| P11 | 13CrMo4-5 | STPA23 |
| P22 | 10CrMo9-10 | STPA24 |
| P91 | X10CrMoVNb9-1 | STPA26 |
Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia
Q1: He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o A335 P91 a me P22?
P91: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka chromium a me ka molybdenum, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kūpaʻa kolo, kūpono no nā ʻāpana supercritical.
P22: Kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, kūpono no nā paila hale hana mana kuʻuna.
Q2: Pono anei ka paipu kila A335 i ka mālama wela?
Pono ka hana normalizing + tempering, a pono pū ʻo P91/P92 i ka kaohi koʻikoʻi o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana.
Q3: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o A335 P92 ma mua o P91?
ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kūpaʻa wela o P92 (≤700°C) ma muli o ke alo o ka tungsten (W), akā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai.
ʻO ka paipu kila humuhumu maʻamau A335 kahi mea nui ma lalo o nā kūlana mahana a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. He kūpono nā mea like ʻole (e like me P5, P9, P11, P22, P91, P92) no nā kūlana like ʻole. I ke koho ʻana, pono e noʻonoʻo pono i nā kumu mahana, ka ʻino, ka ikaika a me ke kumukūʻai, a e nānā i nā kūlana like honua (e like me EN, JIS).
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-06-2025
