20G: Nws yog cov hlau uas teev nyob rau hauv GB5310-95 (cov hom txawv teb chaws sib xws: st45.8 hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, STB42 hauv Nyiv, thiab SA106B hauv Tebchaws Meskas). Nws yog cov hlau siv ntau tshaj plaws rau cov kav dej boiler. Cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo ib yam li cov ntawm 20 steel phaj. Cov hlau muaj qee lub zog ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ib txwm thiab nruab nrab thiab kub, cov ntsiab lus carbon qis, zoo dua plasticity thiab toughness, thiab zoo txias thiab kub tsim thiab vuam. Nws yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv boiler siab thiab siab dua-parameter, superheaters, reheaters, economizers thiab phab ntsa dej hauv qhov kub qis; xws li cov kav dej me me rau cua sov cov kav dej saum npoo nrog qhov kub ntawm phab ntsa ntawm ≤500 ℃, thiab cov kav dej phab ntsa, cov kav dej txuag hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam, cov kav dej loj rau cov kav dej thiab cov taub hau (kev txuag hluav taws xob, phab ntsa dej, lub tshuab cua sov kub qis thiab lub taub hau rov ua kom sov) nrog qhov kub ntawm phab ntsa ≤450 ℃, thiab cov kav dej nrog qhov kub nruab nrab ≤450 ℃ Cov khoom siv thiab lwm yam. Vim tias cov hlau carbon yuav raug graphitized yog tias nws ua haujlwm ntev tshaj 450 ° C, qhov kub siab tshaj plaws siv ntev ntawm lub raj cua sov saum npoo zoo tshaj plaws txwv rau qis dua 450 ° C. Hauv qhov kub no, lub zog ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov superheaters thiab cov kav dej, thiab nws muaj kev tiv thaiv oxidation zoo, yas toughness, kev ua haujlwm vuam thiab lwm yam khoom ua haujlwm kub thiab txias, thiab nws tau siv dav. Cov hlau siv rau hauv lub cub tawg Iranian (hais txog ib chav tsev) yog cov kav dej phwj tuaj (qhov ntau yog 28 tons), cov kav dej nqus dej (20 tons), cov kav dej sib txuas (26 tons), thiab lub taub hau economizer (8 tons). ), lub tshuab dej desuperheating (5 tons), tus so yog siv ua cov hlau tiaj tus thiab cov ntaub ntawv boom (kwv yees li 86 tons).

SA-210C (25MnG): Nws yog qib hlau hauv ASME SA-210 tus qauv. Nws yog cov hlau carbon-manganese me me rau cov boilers thiab superheaters, thiab nws yog pearlite kub-zog hlau. Tuam Tshoj hloov nws mus rau GB5310 hauv xyoo 1995 thiab hu ua 25MnG. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yooj yim tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm carbon thiab manganese, qhov seem zoo ib yam li 20G, yog li nws lub zog tso zis yog li 20% siab dua 20G, thiab nws cov yas thiab toughness yog sib npaug rau 20G. Cov hlau muaj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim thiab ua haujlwm txias thiab kub zoo. Siv nws es tsis txhob 20G tuaj yeem txo cov phab ntsa tuab thiab kev siv khoom, Lub caij no txhim kho kev hloov pauv cua sov ntawm lub boiler. Nws qhov siv thiab siv kub yog qhov zoo ib yam li 20G, feem ntau siv rau phab ntsa dej, economizer, superheater kub qis thiab lwm yam khoom uas qhov kub ua haujlwm qis dua 500 ℃.

SA-106C: Nws yog qib hlau hauv ASME SA-106 tus qauv. Nws yog cov yeeb nkab carbon-manganese rau cov boilers loj thiab superheaters rau qhov kub siab. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yooj yim thiab zoo ib yam li 20G carbon hlau, tab sis nws cov pa roj carbon thiab manganese ntau dua, yog li nws lub zog tso zis yog li 12% siab dua li ntawm 20G, thiab nws cov yas thiab toughness tsis phem. Cov hlau muaj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim thiab ua haujlwm txias thiab kub zoo. Siv nws los hloov 20G headers (economizer, phab ntsa dej, superheater kub qis thiab reheater header) tuaj yeem txo qhov tuab ntawm phab ntsa los ntawm kwv yees li 10%, uas tuaj yeem txuag cov nqi khoom siv, txo cov haujlwm vuam, thiab txhim kho cov headers Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ntxhov siab thaum pib.

15Mo3 (15MoG): Nws yog ib lub yeeb nkab hlau hauv tus qauv DIN17175. Nws yog ib lub raj hlau carbon-molybdenum me me rau lub boiler superheater, Lub sijhawm no nws yog ib lub hlau pearlitic kub-zog. Tuam Tshoj tau hloov nws mus rau GB5310 hauv xyoo 1995 thiab hu ua 15MoG. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yooj yim, tab sis nws muaj molybdenum, yog li thaum tswj hwm tib qho kev ua tau zoo li cov hlau carbon, nws lub zog thermal zoo dua li cov hlau carbon. Vim nws qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi qis, nws tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm cov teb chaws thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlau muaj qhov nyiam ntawm graphitization hauv kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm qhov kub siab, yog li nws qhov kub siv yuav tsum tswj hwm qis dua 510 ℃, thiab qhov ntau ntawm Al ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm smelting yuav tsum txwv rau kev tswj hwm thiab ncua cov txheej txheem graphitization. Cov yeeb nkab hlau no feem ntau yog siv rau cov superheaters qis-kub thiab cov reheaters qis-kub, thiab qhov kub ntawm phab ntsa qis dua 510 ℃. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog C0.12-0.20, Si0.10-0.35, Mn0.40-0.80, S≤0.035, P≤0.035, Mo0.25-0.35; qib hluav taws kub ib txwm muaj σs≥270-285, σb≥450-600 MPa; Yas δ≥22.

SA-209T1a (20MoG): Nws yog qib hlau hauv ASME SA-209 tus qauv. Nws yog lub raj hlau carbon-molybdenum me me rau cov boilers thiab superheaters, thiab nws yog hlau pearlite cua sov-zog. Tuam Tshoj tau hloov nws mus rau GB5310 hauv xyoo 1995 thiab hu ua 20MoG. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yooj yim, tab sis nws muaj molybdenum, yog li thaum tswj hwm tib qho kev ua tau zoo li cov hlau carbon, nws lub zog thermal zoo dua li cov hlau carbon. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlau muaj feem yuav graphitize hauv kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm qhov kub siab, yog li nws qhov kub siv yuav tsum tswj hwm qis dua 510 ℃ thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob kub dhau. Thaum lub sijhawm smelting, qhov ntau ntawm Al ntxiv yuav tsum txwv rau kev tswj hwm thiab ncua cov txheej txheem graphitization. Cov yeeb nkab hlau no feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom xws li phab ntsa txias dej, superheaters thiab reheaters, thiab qhov kub ntawm phab ntsa qis dua 510 ℃. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog C0.15-0.25, Si0.10-0.50, Mn0.30-0.80, S≤0.025, P≤0.025, Mo0.44-0.65; qib zog ib txwm muaj σs≥220, σb≥415 MPa; plasticity δ≥30.

15CrMoG: yog GB5310-95 steel qib (sib raug rau 1Cr-1/2Mo thiab 11/4Cr-1/2Mo-Si steels dav siv hauv ntau lub tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb). Nws cov ntsiab lus chromium siab dua li ntawm 12CrMo hlau, yog li nws muaj lub zog thermal siab dua. Thaum qhov kub tshaj 550 ℃, nws lub zog thermal raug txo qis heev. Thaum nws ua haujlwm ntev ntawm 500-550 ℃, graphitization yuav tsis tshwm sim, tab sis carbide spheroidization thiab rov faib cov khoom sib xyaw yuav tshwm sim, uas txhua yam ua rau kub ntawm hlau. Lub zog raug txo qis, thiab cov hlau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm 450 ° C. Nws cov yeeb nkab-ua thiab vuam txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo yog qhov zoo. Feem ntau siv ua cov kav dej siab thiab nruab nrab thiab cov taub hau nrog cov pa tsis pub dhau 550 ℃, cov kav dej kub superheater nrog lub raj phab ntsa kub hauv qab 560 ℃, thiab lwm yam. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog C0.12-0.18, Si0.17-0.37, Mn0.40-0.70, S≤0.030, P≤0.030, Cr0.80-1.10, Mo0.40-0.55; qib zog σs≥ hauv lub xeev tempered ib txwm 235, σb≥440-640 MPa; Plasticity δ≥21.

T22 (P22), 12Cr2MoG: T22 (P22) yog ASME SA213 (SA335) cov ntaub ntawv txheem, uas tau teev nyob rau hauv Suav teb GB5310-95. Hauv Cr-Mo steel series, nws lub zog thermal yog qhov siab, thiab nws lub zog ua haujlwm ntev thiab kev ntxhov siab tso cai ntawm tib qhov kub yog siab dua li ntawm 9Cr-1Mo steel. Yog li ntawd, nws yog siv rau hauv lub zog thermal txawv teb chaws, lub zog nuclear thiab cov hlab ntsha siab. Ntau yam kev siv. Tab sis nws txoj kev lag luam tsis zoo li kuv lub teb chaws 12Cr1MoV, yog li nws tsawg dua siv hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob thermal hauv tsev. Nws tsuas yog siv thaum tus neeg siv thov nws (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws tsim thiab tsim raws li ASME cov lus qhia). Cov hlau tsis rhiab rau kev kho cua sov, muaj cov yas ruaj khov thiab kev ua haujlwm vuam zoo. Cov raj me me T22 feem ntau yog siv los ua cov raj cua sov rau cov superheaters thiab reheaters uas qhov kub ntawm phab ntsa hlau qis dua 580 ℃, thaum cov raj loj P22 feem ntau yog siv rau cov pob qij txha superheater / reheater uas qhov kub ntawm phab ntsa hlau tsis tshaj 565 ℃. Lub thawv thiab cov yeeb nkab tseem ceeb. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog C ≤ 0.15, Si ≤ 0.50, Mn 0.30-0.60, S ≤ 0.025, P ≤ 0.025, Cr 1.90-2.60, Mo 0.87-1.13; qib zog σs ≥ 280, σb ≥ nyob rau hauv qhov kub zoo 450-600 MPa; Yas δ ≥ 20.

12Cr1MoVG: Nws yog GB5310-95 teev cov hlau, uas siv dav hauv kev kub siab hauv tsev, kev kub siab heev, thiab subcritical fais fab boiler superheaters, headers thiab cov kav dej loj. Cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo ib yam li cov ntawv 12Cr1MoV. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus alloy tsawg dua 2%, thiab nws yog cov hlau kub-carbon tsawg, tsawg-alloy pearlite. Ntawm lawv, vanadium tuaj yeem tsim cov carbide VC ruaj khov nrog carbon, uas tuaj yeem ua rau chromium thiab molybdenum hauv cov hlau muaj nyob hauv ferrite, thiab qeeb qeeb qhov hloov pauv ntawm chromium thiab molybdenum los ntawm ferrite mus rau carbide, ua rau cov hlau ruaj khov dua ntawm qhov kub siab. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus alloying hauv cov hlau no tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm 2.25Cr-1Mo hlau siv dav hauv txawv teb chaws, tab sis nws lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm 580 ℃ thiab 100,000 h yog 40% siab dua li qhov kawg; thiab nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim, thiab nws cov kev ua haujlwm vuam zoo. Tsuav yog cov txheej txheem kho cua sov nruj, kev ua tau zoo tag nrho thiab lub zog thermal tuaj yeem tau txais. Kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag ntawm lub chaw fais fab qhia tau hais tias 12Cr1MoV lub raj xa dej tseem ceeb tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv siv tom qab 100,000 teev ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb ntawm 540 ° C. Cov kav dej loj-txoj kab uas hla feem ntau yog siv ua cov taub hau thiab cov kav dej tseem ceeb nrog cov ntsuas pa hauv qab 565 ℃, thiab cov kav dej me-txoj kab uas hla yog siv rau cov kav dej kub boiler nrog cov kub phab ntsa hlau hauv qab 580 ℃.

12Cr2MoWVTiB (G102): Nws yog qib hlau hauv GB5310-95. Nws yog cov hlau bainite kub uas tsis muaj carbon, tsis muaj alloy (me me ntawm ntau yam) uas kuv lub teb chaws tsim thiab tsim kho hauv xyoo 1960. Nws tau suav nrog hauv Ministry of Metallurgy Standard YB529 txij li xyoo 1970 -70 thiab tus qauv hauv tebchaws tam sim no. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1980, cov hlau tau dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ua ke ntawm Ministry of Metallurgy, Ministry of Machinery thiab Electric Power. Cov hlau muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo, thiab nws lub zog thermal thiab kev pabcuam kub ntau dua li cov hlau txawv teb chaws zoo sib xws, mus txog qib ntawm qee cov hlau chromium-nickel austenitic ntawm 620 ℃. Qhov no yog vim muaj ntau hom alloying ntsiab lus muaj nyob hauv cov hlau, thiab cov ntsiab lus xws li Cr, Si, thiab lwm yam uas txhim kho kev tiv thaiv oxidation kuj ntxiv, yog li qhov kub siab tshaj plaws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 620 ° C. Qhov kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag ntawm lub chaw fais fab qhia tau hais tias lub koom haum thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov yeeb nkab hlau tsis hloov pauv ntau tom qab ua haujlwm ntev. Feem ntau siv ua lub raj xa dej kub thiab lub raj xa dej rov ua kom sov ntawm lub boiler siab heev nrog qhov kub hlau ≤620 ℃. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog C0.08-0.15, Si0.45-0.75, Mn0.45-0.65, S≤0.030, P≤0.030, Cr1.60-2.10, Mo0.50-0.65, V0.28-0.42, Ti0.08 -0.18, W0.30-0.55, B0.002-0.008; qib zog σs≥345, σb≥540-735 MPa hauv lub xeev tempering zoo; plasticity δ≥18.

SA-213T91 (335P91): Nws yog qib hlau hauv ASME SA-213 (335) tus qauv. Nws yog cov khoom siv rau qhov kub siab ntawm lub zog nuclear (tseem siv rau lwm thaj chaw) tsim los ntawm Rubber Ridge National Laboratory ntawm Tebchaws Meskas. Cov hlau yog raws li T9 (9Cr-1Mo) hlau, thiab txwv rau qhov siab thiab qis tshaj plaws ntawm cov pa roj carbon. , Thaum tswj hwm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom seem xws li P thiab S, ib qho cim ntawm 0.030-0.070% ntawm N, ib qho cim ntawm cov carbide tsim cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0.18-0.25% ntawm V thiab 0.06-0.10% ntawm Nb raug ntxiv kom ua tiav kev ua kom zoo dua Hom tshiab ntawm ferritic kub-resistant alloy hlau yog tsim los ntawm cov kev xav tau ntawm cov nplej; nws yog ASME SA-213 teev npe hlau qib, thiab Tuam Tshoj tau hloov cov hlau mus rau GB5310 tus qauv hauv xyoo 1995, thiab qib yog teeb tsa ua 10Cr9Mo1VNb; thiab tus qauv thoob ntiaj teb ISO/DIS9329-2 yog teev raws li X10 CrMoVNb9-1. Vim nws cov chromium ntau (9%), nws txoj kev tiv thaiv oxidation, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, lub zog kub siab thiab cov yam ntxwv tsis-graphitization zoo dua li cov hlau tsis tshua muaj alloy. Lub ntsiab molybdenum (1%) feem ntau txhim kho lub zog kub siab thiab tiv thaiv chromium hlau. Kub brittleness nyiam; Piv nrog T9, nws tau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm vuam thiab kev ua haujlwm thermal nkees, nws lub zog ntawm 600 ° C yog peb zaug ntawm qhov kawg, thiab tswj hwm qhov kub siab corrosion tsis kam ntawm T9 (9Cr-1Mo) hlau; Piv nrog austenitic stainless hlau, nws muaj cov coefficient nthuav dav me me, thermal conductivity zoo, thiab lub zog siab dua (piv txwv li, piv nrog TP304 austenitic hlau, tos kom txog thaum qhov kub muaj zog yog 625 ° C, thiab qhov kub sib npaug yog 607 ° C). Yog li ntawd, nws muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo, cov qauv ruaj khov thiab kev ua tau zoo ua ntej thiab tom qab laus, kev ua haujlwm vuam zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm, kev ruaj khov siab thiab kev tiv thaiv oxidation. Feem ntau siv rau cov superheaters thiab reheaters nrog cov hlau kub ≤650 ℃ hauv boilers. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog C0.08-0.12, Si0.20-0.50, Mn0.30-0.60, S≤0.010, P≤0.020, Cr8.00-9.50, Mo0.85-1.05, V0.18-0.25, Al≤0.04, Nb0.06-0.10, N0.03-0.07; qib zog σs≥415, σb≥585 MPa nyob rau hauv lub xeev tempering zoo; plasticity δ≥20.