Ko te ngongo tuitui mō te poiha he momo ngongo poiha, nō roto i te kāwai o te ngongo maitai tuitui. He rite tonu te tikanga hanga ki te ngongo tuitui, engari he whakaritenga pakari mō te maitai e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga ngongo maitai. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te poiha me te ngongo tuitui i roto i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei, ā, i raro i te mahi a ngā paipa i roto i te hau paipa pāmahana teitei me te mamaoa wai, ka puta te waikura me te waikura. Me whai kaha pakari, ātete waikura teitei, me te pumau o te kiko ngā ngongo maitai. Ko te poiha me te ngongo tuitui te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia hei hanga ngongo wera nui o te poiha pēhanga teitei me te pēhanga tino teitei, ngongo whakamahana anō, poiha ārahi hau me te ngongo tuitui, te ngongo mamaoa matua, me ētahi atu.

Ngongo poiha pēhanga iti me te pēhanga waengaGB3087-1999, ngongo kore hononga o te kōhuaGB5310-1999e whakamahia ana hei hanga i ngā momo hanganga o te paipa mamaoa wera-rahi mō te pōro iti te pēhanga, te paipa wai kohua me te paipa mamaoa wera-rahi mō te pōro tereina, te paipa paowa, te paipa paowa iti me te paipa pereki āwhata, he paipa maitai hanganga waro kounga teitei kua hurihia wera me te makariri (kua hurihia) he paipa maitai kore hononga. He ngongo maitai kore hononga mō te hanganga (GB/T8162-1999) he ngongo maitai kore hononga mō te hanganga whānui me te hanganga miihini. Ngā whakatakotoranga me te kounga āhua:GB5310-95"Ngongo Rino Kore-Tuitui mō te Poiha Pēhanga Teitei" he diameter o te paipa hurihuri wera 22~530mm, he matotoru pakitara 20~70mm. Ko te diameter o waho o te ngongo tōia makariri (hurihuri makariri) he 10~108mm, ā, ko te matotoru pakitara he 2.0~13.0mm. Ko te paipa rino kore-tuitui āhua motuhake he kupu whānui mō te paipa rino kore-tuitui o ētahi atu āhua whakawhiti i tua atu i te paipa porowhita. E ai ki te āhua me te rahi rerekē o te wāhanga paipa rino, ka taea te wehewehe ki te paipa rino kore-tuitui āhua motuhake he matotoru ōrite (waehere mō D), paipa rino kore-tuitui āhua motuhake he matotoru ōrite (waehere mō BD), paipa rino kore-tuitui āhua motuhake he diameter rerekē (waehere mō BJ). He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā paipa rino kore-tuitui āhua motuhake i roto i ngā wāhanga hanganga, taputapu me ngā wāhanga miihini. Ki te whakatauritea ki te ngongo porowhita, he nui ake te kaha o te ngongo āhua motuhake me te modulus wāhanga, ā, he kaha ake ki te ātete i te piko me te torsion, ka taea te whakaiti i te taumaha o te hanganga me te penapena rino. 4. Whakamātautau hanganga matū (1)GB3087-82Ngā whakaritenga mō te "ngongo maitai kore-tuitui mō te poiha pēhanga iti me te reo". Te tikanga whakamātautau hanganga matū e ai ki te GB222-84 me te GB223 "Tikanga Tātari Matū Rino me te Koranu" te wāhanga e tika ana. (2)GB5310-95Ngā whakaritenga o te "Ngongo Rino Kore Tuitui mō te Poiha Pēhanga Teitei". Ko te tikanga whakamātautau o te hanganga matū e rite ana ki ngā wāhanga e tika ana o te GB222-84, Tikanga Tātari Matū o te Rino me te Koranu, me te GB223 Tikanga Tātari Matū o te Rino me te Koranu. (3) Me whakahaere te tirotiro hanganga matū o ngā ngongo rino poiha kawemai kia rite ki ngā paerewa e tika ana kua whakaritea i roto i te kirimana. 5 poiha me te maitai ngongo kore tuitui (1) ko te maitai rino hanganga waro kounga teitei ko te 20G,20MnG, 25MnG.(2) ko te maitai rino hanganga koranu 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG12CrMoVG, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB me ētahi atu. (3) ko te maitai ātete waikura wera e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te ngongo poiha 1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni11Nb hei whakarite i te hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga miihini, hei mahi whakamātautau waipēhi pakiaka-ki-te-pakiaka, hei mahi whakamātautau mura, whakamātautau papatahi. Ka tukuna ngā ngongo rino i roto i te āhua kua whakamahanatia. Hei tāpiritanga, me whai hanganga moroiti, rahi o te kōpura me te paparanga tango waro o te ngongo rino kua oti.

6. Whakamātautau mahi ā-tinana(1)GB3087-82Ngongo maitai kore-tuitui mō te kōhua ​​pēhanga iti me te pēhanga waenga"ngā whakaritenga. Whakamātautau kume e ai ki a GB/T228-87, whakamātautau waipēhi e ai ki a GB/T241-90, whakamātautau kuru e ai ki a GB/T246-97, whakamātautau mura e ai ki a GB/T242-97, whakamātautau piko matao e ai ki a GB24497(2)GB5310-95"Ngongo Rino Kore Tuitui mō te poiha pēhanga teitei"ngā whakaritenga. Ko te whakamātautau kume, te whakamātautau waipū me te whakamātautau papatahi he rite tonu ki te GB3087-82; Ko te whakamātautau pānga e ai ki te GB229-94, ko te whakamātautau mura e ai ki te GB/T242-97, ko te whakamātautau rahi o te witi e ai ki te YB/T5148-93; E ai ki te GB13298-91 mō te whakamātautau kiko moroiti, GB224-87 mō te whakamātautau paparanga tango waro, me te rite ki te GB224-87 mō te whakamātautau ultrasonicGB/T5777-96.(3) Ko te tirotiro mahi ā-tinana me ngā taupū o ngā ngongo poihau kawemai me whakahaere kia rite ki ngā paerewa e tika ana kua whakaritea i roto i te kirimana.

7. Te āhuatanga matua o te kawemai me te kaweake

(1) Ko ngā whenua kawemai nui mō ngā ngongo kore hononga pēhanga teitei ko Hapani me Tiamana. He maha ngā wā ka kawemai i ngā whakatakotoranga o te 15914.2 mm; 2734.0 mm; 219.110.0 mm; 41975mm; 406.460 mm, me ētahi atu. Ko te whakatakotoranga iti rawa ko 31.84.5 mm, ko te roa he 5 ~ 8 m te nuinga. (2) I roto i te take o te kereme kawemai, i kawemaihia te ngongo kohua kore hononga Mannesmann Tiamana, te mira paipa ST45 mā te whakamātautau ultrasonic o te tatauranga, i kitea he iti noa ngā hapa o roto o te paipa maitai i ngā ture wheketere me ngā paerewa a te Rōpū maitai Tiamana. (3) Ko ngā paipa maitai koranu i kawemaihia mai i Tiamana, ko te kounga maitai he 34 crmo4 me te 12 crmov, me ētahi atu. He pai te mahi pāmahana teitei o tēnei momo ngongo maitai, e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā paipa maitai kohua pāmahana teitei. (4) Ko ngā ngongo koranu i kawemaihia mai i Hapani he nui ake, ko ngā whakatakotoranga mm5 426.012 ~ 8 m; 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m;101.610.0 mm12m;114.38.0 mm6m;127.08.0 mm9m Ko te whakatinanatanga JISG3458 o te paerewa ahumahi Hapanihi, pērā i te kounga maitai mō te STPA25, ka whakamahia tēnei momo paipa maitai mō te taurite ki te ngongo koranu pāmahana teitei. Kawemai me te kaweake ngongo kore hononga o te poiha pēhanga teitei,(1) ko ngā whenua kawemai nui o te ngongo kore hononga o te poiha pēhanga teitei ko Hapani, Tiamana. He maha ngā wā ka kawemai i ngā whakatakotoranga o te 15914.2 mm;2734.0 mm;219.110.0 mm;41975mm; Ko te 406.460 mm te iti rawa o ngā whakaritenga pērā i te 31.84.5 mm, ko te roa he 5 ~ 8 m te tikanga.(2) i roto i te take o te kereme kawemai, ko te ngongo poiha tuitui Mannesmann Tiamana, te mira paipa ST45 i kawemai mā te whakamātautau ultrasonic o te tatauranga, i kitea he iti noa ngā hapa o roto o te paipa maitai i ngā ture wheketere me ngā paerewa a te Rōpū maitai Tiamana.(3) Ko te paipa maitai koranu i kawemai mai i Tiamana, ko te karaehe maitai he 34 crmo4 me te 12 crmov, me ētahi atu. He pai te mahi pāmahana teitei o tēnei momo ngongo maitai, e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te paipa maitai poiha pāmahana teitei.(4) Ko te ngongo koranu i kawemai mai i Hapani he nui ake, ko ngā whakaritenga mm5 426.012 ~ 8 m; 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m; 101.610.0 mm12m; 114.38.0 mm6m; 127.08.0 mm9m JISG3458 whakatinanatanga o te paerewa ahumahi Hapanihi, pērā i te kounga maitai mō te STPA25. Ka whakamahia tēnei momo paipa maitai hei taurite ki te ngongo koranu pāmahana teitei.

Ngā tikanga hanga ngongo kore hononga o te poihaera. He rite tonu ngā tikanga hanga me ngā ngongo kore hononga, engari he tino tono mō te hanga maitai i roto i te paipa maitai. E ai ki te whakamahinga pāmahana, ka taea te wehe i ngā ngongo poihaera whānui ki ngā ngongo poihaera pēhanga teitei e rua.1, he tirohanga whānui ki te (1) tikanga hanga:(1) Ko te pāmahana whānui o ngā ngongo kore hononga o te poihaera i raro i te 450 ℃, ko te nuinga o ngā paipa o te whare e whakamahi ana i te 10, 20 waro maitai huri wera, 20 rānei ngā ngongo kume matao.(2) He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā ngongo kore hononga o te poihaera pēhanga teitei i roto i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei, ina whakamahia te paipa i raro i te mahi a te hau paowa pāmahana teitei me te mamaoa wai, ka puta te waikura me te waikura. Ngā whakaritenga mō ngā paipa rino he kaha pakaru teitei, he ātete waikura teitei, ā, he pai te pumau o te whakahaere.(2) Te whakamahinga:(1) Ko te ngongo tuitui o te poiha whānui e whakamahia ana mō te hanga ngongo pakitara wai, paipa wai, ngongo mamaoa wera rawa, paipa mamaoa wera rawa poiha tereina, paipa nui me te iti me te pereki āwhata o te ngongo, me ētahi atu.(2) Ko te ngongo tuitui o te poiha pēhanga teitei e whakamahia ana mō te hanga ngongo whakamahana poiha pēhanga teitei me te pēhanga tino teitei, ngongo whakamahana anō, paipa mamaoa matua ara hau, me ētahi atu.

Te whakamahinga o te ngongo tuitui o te kōhua

(1) Ko te ngongo korekore o te poiha whānui e whakamahia ana mō te hanga ngongo pakitara wai, paipa wai, ngongo mamaoa wera rawa, paipa mamaoa wera rawa o te poiha tereina, paipa nui me te iti me te pereki āwhata o te ngongo, me ētahi atu. (2) Ko te ngongo korekore o te poiha pēhanga teitei e whakamahia ana mō te hanga ngongo wera rawa me te pēhanga teitei rawa, ngongo whakamahana anō, paipa mamaoa matua ara hau, me ētahi atu. (3) GB3087-82 ngongo maitai korekore o te poiha pēhanga iti-waenga me te GB5310-95 "ngongo maitai korekore o te poiha pēhanga teitei". Kounga āhua: kāore e whakaaetia kia pakaru, kia takai, kia takai, kia whara, kia wehea, kia makawe te mata o roto me waho o te ngongo maitai. Me tango katoa ēnei hapa. Tangohia te rerekētanga kino, kaua te hohonu e neke ake i te matotoru pakitara ingoa; kaua te horoi i roto i te matotoru pakitara tuturu e iti iho i te uara iti rawa o te matotoru pakitara e whakaaetia ana. Tikanga tatau taumaha o te ariā ngongo korekore o te poiha: – matotoru pakitara (diameter) * 0.02466 * matotoru pakitara.