ngongo tui mo te kohu he momo ngongo kohua, no te kāwai o te ngongo maitai tui. Ko te tikanga hanga he rite tonu ki te ngongo kore, engari he tino whakaritenga mo te maitai e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga ngongo maitai. He maha nga wa e whakamahia ana te kohua me te ngongo korekore i roto i nga ahuatanga teitei o te pāmahana me te pehanga teitei, nga putorino i roto i te hau rewharewha teitei me te kohu wai i raro i te mahi, ka puta te waikura me te waikura. Ko nga ngongo maitai e hiahiatia ana kia kaha te kaha, te kaha o te waikura, me te pumau o te kiko. Kohua me te ngongo tui te nuinga whakamahia ki te hanga pehanga teitei, me te ultra-tiketike pēhanga kōhua ​​ngongo superheater, ngongo whakamahana, kohua aratohu hau ki te ngongo tui, te ngongo mamaoa matua, etc.

Te pehanga iti me te reo ngongo kohuaGB3087-1999, kohu ngongo korekoreGB5310-1999ka whakamahia ki te hanga momo momo hanganga o te putorino putunga iti putorino wera wera, putorino wai kohua me te putorino locomotive putorino wera wera, paipa auahi, paipa auahi iti me te putorino pereki kikorangi paipa o te waro hanganga maitai o te waro paipa wera wera me te matao unu (hurihia) paipa maitai tuitui. ngongo maitai tuitui mo te hanganga (GB/T8162-1999) he ngongo maitai korekore mo te hanganga whanui me te hanga miihini. Nga korero me te kounga o te ahua:GB5310-95"Ngongo maitai kore mo te High pēhanga kōhua" wera hurihia putorino diameter 22~530mm, taiepa matotoru 20~70mm. Ko te diameter waho o te matao unu (makao hurihia) ngongo ko 10 ~ 108mm, me te matotoru taiepa ko 2.0 ~ 13.0mm. Ko te putorino maitai tuitui te ahua motuhake he kupu whanui mo te putorino maitai tuitui o etahi atu ahua o te waahanga whiti engari ko te putorino a tawhio noa. E ai ki te ahua rereke me te rahi o te waahanga putorino maitai, ka taea te wehea ki te rite te matotoru o te pakitara motuhake-ahua putorino paipa maitai (waehere mo D), te matotoru o te pakitara koretake o te putorino putorino maitai-ahua (waehere mo te BD), rereke te diameter motuhake-ahua putorino maitai (waehere mo BJ). Ko nga ngongo maitai tuitui motuhake e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i nga momo hanganga, taputapu me nga waahanga miihini. Ka whakatauritea ki te ngongo porowhita, ko te ngongo ahua motuhake he nui ake te waa o te inertia me te waahanga waahanga, he kaha ake te kaha ki te aukati i te piko me te torsion, ka taea te whakaiti i te taumaha o te hanganga me te penapena maitai. 4. Te whakamātautau hanganga matū (1)GB3087-82"ngongo maitai tui mo te iti me te reo pehanga kōhua" tikanga. Ko te tikanga whakamatautau hanganga matū e ai ki te GB222-84 me te GB223 "Te Tikanga Tiaki Maama me te Alloy" te waahanga e tika ana. (2)GB5310-95"Tube Steel Seamless for High pressure boiler" tikanga. Ko te tikanga whakamatautau o te hanganga matū e rite ana ki nga waahanga e tika ana o GB222-84, Tikanga Tiaki Matū o te Steel me te Alloy, me te GB223 Tikanga Tiaki Matū o te Steel me te Alloy. (3) Ko te tirotiro hanganga matū o nga ngongo rino kohua kawemai me whakahaere i runga i nga paerewa e tika ana kua tohua i roto i te kirimana. 5 kōhua ​​me te maitai ngongo tui (1) waro maitai hanganga maitai ko 20G,20MnG, 25MnG.(2) koranu maitai maitai maitai 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG12CrTirB3Mo on. (3) waikura wera wera tira whakamahia nuitia 1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni11Nb ngongo kōhua ​​i roto i te tua ki te whakarite hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga pūkaha, ki te mahi i te waipēhi pakiaka whakamātautau i te pakiaka, ki te mahi mura, te whakamātautau flattening. Ka tukuna nga ngongo maitai i roto i te ahua wera. I tua atu, ko te microstructure, te rahi o te witi me te paparanga decarbonization o te paipa maitai oti e hiahiatia ana hoki.

6. Whakamātautau mahi tinana(1)GB3087-82 “ngongo maitai tuitui mo te kohua pehanga iti me te reo"whakamatautau. Whakamatau tensile rite ki te GB/T228-87, whakamātautau waipēhi rite ki GB/T241-90, whakamātautau squashing rite ki GB/T246-97, whakamātautau mura rite ki GB/T242-97, whakamātautau piko piko rite ki GB24497(2)GB5310-95 "Tube maitai mo te kohua teiteiHe rite tonu te whakamatautau tensile, te whakamatautau hydrostatic me te whakamatautau papatahi ki te GB3087-82; Ko te whakamatautau i runga i te GB229-94, te whakamatautau mura kia rite ki te GB/T242-97, te whakamatautau rahi o te witi e ai ki te YB/T5148-93; E ai ki te GB13298-91 mo te tirotiro i te kiko moroiti, GB7224 mo te tirotiro kiko kikokore, GB7224. GB224-87 mo te whakamātautau ultrasonicGB/T5777-96.(3) Ko te tirotiro i nga mahi tinana me nga tohu tohu o nga ngongo kohua kawemai ka mahia kia rite ki nga paerewa e tika ana kua tohua i roto i te kirimana.

7. te take kawemai matua me te kaweake

(1) pehanga teitei kōhua ​​korekore ngongo nui kawemai whenua ko Japan, Germany. I te nuinga o nga wa ka kawemai i nga whakaritenga o te 15914.2 mm;2734.0 mm; 219.110.0 mm; 41975mm; 406.460 mm, me etahi atu. Ko te 31.84.5 mm te iti rawa, ko te roa te nuinga o te 5 ~ 8 m.(2) i roto i te keehi o te kereme kawemai, Tiamana mannesmann ngongo kohanga korekore, mira putorino kawemai ST45 na roto i te whakamatautau ultrasonic o te tatauranga, ka kitea he iti o nga hapa o roto o te putorino maitai me te paipa maitai o Tiamana i kawemai mai i nga tikanga o te wheketere o te koranu maitai me te (3) nga ture o te wheketere maitai o Tiamana. he 34 crmo4 me te 12 crmov, me etahi atu. He pai tenei ahua o te ngongo maitai o te mahi pāmahana teitei, e whakamahia nuitia ana mo te putorino rino mo te wera teitei. 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m; 101.610.0 mm12m; 114.38.0 mm6m; 127.08.0 mm9m JISG3458 whakatinanatanga o te paerewa ahumahi Japanese, pērā i te kōeke maitai mo STPA25, tenei ahua o te putorino maitai e whakamahia ana mo te ōrite ki te pāmahana teitei koranu tube.High pēhanga kōhua ​​tura'i ngongo kawemai me te kaweake, (1) pehanga teitei kōhua ​​tui ngongo nui kawemai whenua ko Japan, Germany. I te nuinga o nga wa ka kawemai i nga whakaritenga o te 15914.2 mm;2734.0 mm; 219.110.0 mm; 41975mm; Ko te 406.460 mm nga tohu iti rawa penei i te 31.84.5 mm, ko te roa te nuinga o te 5 ~ 8 m.(2) i roto i te keehi o te kerēme kawemai, Tiamana mannesmann ngongo kohu kore, mira putorino kawemai ST45 ma te whakamatautau ultrasonic o te tatauranga, i kitea he iti noa nga hapa o roto o te putorino maitai me te (3) paipa maitai te kawemai mai i nga ture o te wheketere o Tiamana. he 34 crmo4 me te 12 crmov, me etahi atu. He pai tenei ahua o te ngongo maitai o te mahi pāmahana teitei, e whakamahia nuitia ana mo te putorino rino mo te wera teitei. 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m; 101.610.0 mm12m; 114.38.0 mm6m; 127.08.0 mm9m JISG3458 whakatinanatanga o te paerewa ahumahi Japanese, penei i te karaehe rino mo STPA25. Ko tenei momo putorino maitai e whakamahia ana mo te whakarite ki te ngongo koranu teitei.

Ko nga tikanga whakangao ngongo korekore o te kohuaKo te kohu me te momo ngongo korekore. He rite tonu nga tikanga hangahanga me te ngongo kore, engari he tino tono mo te hanga maitai e whakamahia ana i roto i te paipa maitai. E ai ki te whakamahi o te pāmahana e taea te wehea ki rua ngongo kōhua ​​whānui me te pēhanga teitei kōhua ​​tube.1, he tirohanga whānui o te(1) tikanga whakangao:(1) kōhua ​​whānui pāmahana ngongo tui raro i raro i te 450 ℃, te putorino kāinga te nuinga whakamahi 10, 20 waro maitai wera hurihia ranei matao unu hanga ngongo.(2) i roto i te pehanga teitei o te wera putorino mahi he maha nga wa i raro i te pehanga teitei o te putorino putorino teitei o te wera o te wera o te wera me te wera o te wera teitei. te hau rewharewha me te kohu wai, te waikura me te waikura ka puta. Ko nga whakaritenga o te putorino rino me te kaha pakaru nui, te aukati waikura waikura teitei, me te pai o te whakahaere.(2) te whakamahi:(1) te nuinga o te kohu kohu ngongo kore e whakamahia ki te hanga ngongo taiapa wai, putorino wai, ngongo koromamao wera nui, kohu kohu wera wera putorino koromamao, putorino nui me te iti me te pereki kiko ngongo, me era atu. ultrahigh-pressure boiler superheater ngongo, ngongo whakamahana, te huarahi rererangi te putorino mamaoa matua, etc.

Te whakamahi i te kohu ngongo korekore

(1) te nuinga o te kōhua ​​kōhua ​​korekore ngongo te nuinga whakamahia ki te hanga ngongo taiepa wai, putorino wai, ngongo koromamao superheated, locomotive kōhua ​​superheated steam putorino, nui me te iti putorino me te pereki kiko ngongo, me ētahi atu (2) te nuinga o te pēhanga kōhua ​​kōhua ​​korekore ngongo whakamahia te nuinga ki te hanga teitei-pēhanga me te ultrahigh-pressure kōhua ​​superheater korere, airway main reheater ngongo-8, 8 GB reheater, etc. iti pehanga kōhua ​​korere ngongo maitai me GB5310-95 "pehanga teitei kōhua ​​ngongo maitai tui" ture. Te kounga o te ahua: ko te ngongo rino o roto, o waho hoki e kore e whakaaetia kia whai kapiti, he kopaki, he kopa, he nawe, he delamination me te raina makawe. Ko enei hapa ka tino tangohia. Tango i te ine kino, e kore e nui ake te hohonutanga i te matotoru o te pakitara whakaingoa ko te horoi i roto i te tino matotoru o te pakitara kia kaua e iti iho i te iti rawa o te uara o te matotoru o te pakitara.