Ko te tukanga maimoatanga wera o te paipa maitai kei roto ko ngā kāwai e rima e whai ake nei:

1, te tinei + te whakamahana pāmahana teitei (e mōhiotia ana ko te tinei me te whakamahana)

Ka whakamahanahia te paipa rino ki te pāmahana tinei, kia hurihia ai te hanganga o roto o te paipa rino hei austenite, kātahi ka whakamataohia kia tere ake i te tere tinei matua, kia hurihia ai te hanganga o roto o te paipa rino hei martensite, kātahi ka whakamahanahia ki te pāmahana teitei, hei whakamutunga, ka hurihia te hanganga paipa rino hei sopranite whakamahana ōrite. E kore e taea e tēnei tukanga te whakapai ake i te kaha me te pakeke o te paipa rino, engari ka whakakotahi hoki i te kaha, te kirihou me te pakari o te paipa rino.

2, te whakataurite (e mōhiotia ana ko te whakataurite)

I muri i te whakamahana i te paipa rino kia rite te pāmahana, ka hurihia katoatia te hanganga o roto o te paipa rino hei hanganga austenite, kātahi ka whakamataohia te tukanga maimoatanga wera ki te hau hei reo. I muri i te whakataurite, ka taea te tiki i ngā hanganga whakarewa rerekē, pērā i te pearlite, te bainite, te martensite, te ranunga rānei o ēnei. E kore e taea e tēnei tukanga te whakapai ake i te witi, te hanganga ōrite, te whakakore i te ahotea, engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te pakeke o te paipa rino me tana mahi tapahi.

Te whakataurite + te whakamāmā

Ka whakamahanahia te ngongo maitai ki te pāmahana e tika ana, kia tino hurihia te hanganga o roto o te ngongo maitai hei hanganga austenite, kātahi ka whakamataohia ki te hau, kātahi ka whakamahanahia. Ko te hanganga o te ngongo maitai he ferrite + pearlite whakamahana, he ferrite + bainite rānei, he bainite whakamahanahia rānei, he martensite whakamahanahia rānei, he sortensisite whakamahanahia rānei. Ka taea e te tukanga te whakau i te hanganga o roto o te ngongo maitai me te whakapai ake i tōna kirihou me tōna pakari.

4, whakamahana

He tukanga whakamahana tēnei e whakamahanatia ai te ngongo maitai ki te pāmahana whakamahana, ā, ka puritia mō tētahi wā, kātahi ka whakamatao ki raro ki tētahi pāmahana me te oumu. Ka whakaiti i te pakeke o te paipa maitai, ka whakapai ake i tōna kirihou, hei whakahaere i te tapahi, i te tukatuka whakarerekētanga matao rānei i muri mai; Ka whakamahine i te witi, ka whakakore i ngā hapa hanganga moroiti, ka ōrite te hanganga me te hanganga o roto, ka whakapai ake i te mahi a te paipa maitai, ka whakarite rānei mō te tukanga e whai ake nei; Ka whakakore i te ahotea o roto o te paipa maitai hei ārai i te whakarerekētanga, te pakaru rānei.

5. Te maimoatanga otinga

Ka whakamahanahia te ngongo maitai ki te pāmahana otinga, kia rewa katoatia ai ngā waro me ngā huānga whakarewa ki roto i te austenite, kātahi ka tere te whakamatao i te ngongo maitai, kia kore ai e puta he wā ki te whakatōtō i ngā huānga waro me te whakarewa, ā, ka puta te tukanga maimoatanga wera o te hanganga austenite kotahi. Te mahi a te tukanga: te hanganga ā-roto ōrite o te paipa maitai, te hanganga ōrite o te paipa maitai; te whakakore i te whakapakeketanga i roto i te tukanga tukatuka hei whakahaere i te tukatuka whakarerekētanga makariri e whai ake nei; te whakahoki mai i te ātete waikura o te maitai kore waikura.