Chubu chosasokoneka cha boiler ndi mtundu wa chubu cha boiler, chomwe chili m'gulu la chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika. Njira yopangira ndi yofanana ndi chubu lopanda msoko, koma pali zofunikira zokhwima pazitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chubu chachitsulo. Boiler yokhala ndi chubu yopanda msoko nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, mipope yotentha kwambiri komanso mpweya wamadzi pansi pakuchitapo, zidzachitika makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi dzimbiri. Machubu achitsulo amafunikira kuti akhale ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri, kukana kwa ma oxidation corrosion, komanso kukhazikika kwa minofu. Boiler yokhala ndi chubu yopanda msoko imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga machubu othamanga kwambiri komanso okwera kwambiri, chubu chotenthetsera, chubu chowongolera gasi chokhala ndi chubu chopanda msoko, chubu chachikulu cha nthunzi, ndi zina zambiri.

Boiler chubu chotsika komanso chapakatiGB3087-1999, chubu chosasunthika cha boilerGB5310-1999amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitoliro chotsika cha boiler chotenthetsera, chitoliro chamadzi otentha ndi chitoliro chamadzi otentha kwambiri, chitoliro cha utsi, chitoliro chaching'ono chautsi ndi chitoliro cha njerwa chapamwamba kwambiri cha carbon structural iron chotenthetsera komanso chozizira (chogudubuzika) chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika. Seamless zitsulo chubu kwa kapangidwe (GB/T8162-1999) ndi chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika pamapangidwe ambiri komanso makina amakina. Mafotokozedwe ndi maonekedwe abwino:GB5310-95"Seamless Zitsulo chubu kwa High kuthamanga kukatentha" otentha adagulung'undisa chitoliro awiri 22 ~ 530mm, khoma makulidwe 20 ~ 70mm. The awiri akunja ozizira kukokedwa (ozizira adagulung'undisa) chubu ndi 10 ~ 108mm, ndipo makulidwe khoma ndi 2.0 ~ 13.0mm. Chitoliro chachitsulo chosasinthika chapadera ndi mawu ambiri a chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika cha mawonekedwe ena ozungulira kupatula chitoliro chozungulira. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe osiyana ndi kukula kwa gawo zitsulo chitoliro, zikhoza kugawidwa mu ofanana khoma makulidwe wapadera woboola pakati zitsulo chitoliro (kachidindo kwa D), osalingana khoma makulidwe wapadera woboola pakati zitsulo chitoliro (kachidindo kwa BD), variable m'mimba mwake wapadera woboola pakati zitsulo chitoliro (code kwa BJ). Machubu achitsulo osasunthika apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana, zida ndi zida zamakina. Poyerekeza ndi chubu chozungulira, chubu chokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mphindi yokulirapo ya inertia ndi gawo modulus, ndipo chimakhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kokana kupindika ndi kugwedezeka, komwe kungachepetse kwambiri kulemera kwa kapangidwe kake ndikusunga chitsulo. 4. Mayeso opangidwa ndi Chemical (1)GB3087-82"Seamless zitsulo chubu kwa otsika ndi sing'anga pressure boilers". Njira yoyesera yopangira mankhwala molingana ndi GB222-84 ndi GB223 "Njira Yowunikira Chitsulo ndi Aloyi" gawo loyenera. (2)GB5310-95"Seamless Steel Tube for High pressure boiler" zofunikira. Njira yoyesera yopangira mankhwala imagwirizana ndi magawo ofunikira a GB222-84, Chemical Analysis Method of Steel and Alloy, ndi GB223 Chemical Analysis Method of Steel and Alloy. (3) Kuwunika kwa mankhwala a machubu achitsulo otenthetsera kunja kudzachitidwa molingana ndi mfundo zomwe zafotokozedwa mu mgwirizano. 5 kukatentha ndi opanda msokonezo chubu zitsulo (1) mkulu khalidwe mpweya structural zitsulo zitsulo ndi 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG. (2) aloyi structural zitsulo zitsulo 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG12CrMoG12CrMoC2Br3Mo1Br, soVSi 2Br ​​3MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG12CrMoG12CrMoC2Br3Mo1Br. (3) dzimbiri kutentha zosagwira zitsulo ambiri ntchito 1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni11Nb kukatentha chubu kuwonjezera kuonetsetsa mankhwala zikuchokera ndi katundu makina, kuchita hayidiroliki mayeso muzu ndi mizu, kuchita flaring, flattening mayeso. Machubu achitsulo amaperekedwa m'malo otentha. Kuphatikiza apo, microstructure, kukula kwambewu ndi decarbonization wosanjikiza wa chitoliro chomalizidwa chachitsulo chimafunikanso.

6. Kuyesa kwathupi (1)GB3087-82 "Chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika cha boiler yotsika komanso yapakatikatiKuyesedwa kolimba molingana ndi GB/T228-87, kuyesa kwa hydraulic molingana ndi GB/T241-90, kuyesa kwa squashing molingana ndi GB/T246-97, mayeso oyaka molingana ndi GB/T242-97, mayeso opindika ozizira molingana ndi GB24497 (2)GB5310-95 “Seamless Steel Tube for High pressure boilerKuyesa kwamphamvu, kuyesa kwa hydrostatic ndi kuyesa kwa flatteni ndizofanana ndi GB3087-82; Kuyesa kwamphamvu molingana ndi GB229-94, kuyesa kwamoto molingana ndi GB/T242-97, kuyesa kukula kwa tirigu molingana ndi YB/T5148-93; Malinga ndi GB13298-91 pakuwunika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ta 2,8 GB. GB224-87 kwa akupanga examinationGB/T5777-96.(3) The thupi ntchito anayendera ndi zolozera kunja kukatentha machubu zidzachitika molingana ndi mfundo za pangano.

7. Mkhalidwe waukulu wolowetsa ndi kutumiza kunja

(1) maiko aku Japan, Germany. Nthawi zambiri kuitanitsa specifications 15914.2 mm;2734.0 mm; 219.110.0 mm; 41975 mm; 406.460 mamilimita, etc. Mafotokozedwe osachepera ndi 31.84.5 mm, kutalika nthawi zambiri 5 ~ 8 m. (2) pa nkhani yochokera kunja, Germany mannesmann seamless boiler chubu, chitoliro mphero kunja ST45 ndi akupanga kuyezetsa kalembera, anapeza kuti chiwerengero chochepa cha zolakwika mkati mwa chitoliro zitsulo German kuposa muyezo fakitale zitsulo chitoliro (Germany zitsulo chitoliro). kalasi ndi 34 crmo4 ndi 12 crmov, etc. Mtundu uwu wa zitsulo chubu mkulu kutentha ntchito ndi zabwino, ambiri ntchito kutentha kutentha kukatentha zitsulo chitoliro.(4) aloyi chubu ankaitanitsa ku Japan kwambiri, specifications mm5 426.012 ~ 8 m; 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m; 101.610.0 mm12m; 114.38.0 mm6m; 127.08.0 mm9m JISG3458 kukhazikitsidwa kwa muyezo Japan mafakitale, monga kalasi zitsulo kwa STPA25, mtundu uwu wa chitoliro zitsulo ntchito yofananira ndi kutentha aloyi chubu.Kuthamanga kukatentha kukatentha kukatentha opanda chubu kuitanitsa ndi kutumiza kunja, (1) mkulu kuthamanga kukatentha kukatentha kotentha opanda msokonezo chubu maiko akuluakulu kunja ndi Japan, Germany. Nthawi zambiri kuitanitsa specifications 15914.2 mm;2734.0 mm; 219.110.0 mm; 41975 mm; 406.460 mamilimita ndi zing'onozing'ono specifications monga 31.84.5 mm, kutalika nthawi zambiri 5 ~ 8 m. (2) pa nkhani ya ankati kunja, Germany mannesmann seamless boiler chubu, chitoliro mphero kunja ST45 ndi akupanga kuyezetsa kalembera, anapeza kuti chiwerengero chochepa cha zolakwika mkati mwa chitoliro zitsulo kuposa muyezo fakitale zitsulo chitoliro (Germany zitsulo zitsulo). kalasi ndi 34 crmo4 ndi 12 crmov, etc. Mtundu uwu wa zitsulo chubu mkulu kutentha ntchito ndi zabwino, ambiri ntchito kutentha kutentha kukatentha zitsulo chitoliro.(4) aloyi chubu ankaitanitsa ku Japan kwambiri, specifications mm5 426.012 ~ 8 m; 152.48.0 mm12m;89.110.0 mm6m; 101.610.0 mm12m; 114.38.0 mm6m; 127.08.0 mm9m JISG3458 kukhazikitsa muyezo wa mafakitale aku Japan, monga kalasi yachitsulo ya STPA25. Chitoliro chachitsulo ichi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofananiza ndi chubu cha aloyi kutentha kwambiri.

Njira zopangira machubu opanda msokoMa boiler okhala ndi machubu opanda msoko. Njira zopangira ndi chubu chopanda msoko ndizofanana, koma khalani ndi pempho lokhazikika lopangira zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chitoliro chachitsulo. Malinga ndi ntchito kutentha akhoza kugawidwa mu awiri ambiri kukatentha chubu ndi kuthamanga kukatentha chubu.1, mwachidule (1) njira kupanga: (1) ambiri kukatentha kotentha chubu kutentha pansi 450 ℃, chitoliro zoweta makamaka ntchito 10, 20 mpweya zitsulo otentha adagulung'undisa kapena ozizira kukopa chubu kupanga. nthunzi, okosijeni ndi dzimbiri zidzachitika. Zofunikira za chitoliro chachitsulo chokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zophulika, kukana kwa okosijeni wambiri, komanso kukhala ndi bata labwino la bungwe. boiler superheater chubu, reheater chubu, airway main nthunzi chitoliro, etc.

Kugwiritsa ntchito machubu opanda msoko

(1) ambiri kukatentha chubu msokonezo makamaka ntchito popanga madzi khoma chubu, chitoliro madzi, superheated nthunzi chubu, locomotive kukatentha superheated nthunzi chitoliro, chitoliro chachikulu ndi yaing'ono ndi chubu Chipilala njerwa, etc. machubu ndi GB5310-95 "kuthamanga kwambiri kukatentha kotentha kopanda chitsulo chubu". Mawonekedwe abwino: chubu chachitsulo mkati ndi kunja sikuloledwa kukhala ndi mng'alu, kupindika, kupindika, mabala, delamination ndi tsitsi. Zolakwika izi zidzachotsedwa kwathunthu. Chotsani kupatuka koyipa, kuya sikuyenera kupitilira makulidwe odziyimira pawokha kuyeretsa mu makulidwe enieni a khoma sikudzakhala kutsika mtengo wocheperako wa makulidwe a khoma amaloledwa. Njira yowerengera kulemera kwa chiphunzitso cha boiler yopanda msoko: - makulidwe a khoma (m'mimba mwake) * 0.02466 * makulidwe a khoma.