Chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda msoko: Chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda msoko chimapangidwa ndi ingot yachitsulo kapena chubu cholimba choboola ndi kubowola mu chubu chopanda msoko, kenako chotenthedwa, chozizira kapena chokokedwa mozizira. Zipangizozo nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha kaboni chapamwamba kwambiri monga 10,20, 30, 35,45, chitsulo chopangidwa ndi aloyi yochepa monga16Mn, 5MnV kapena chitsulo chosakanikirana monga 40Cr, 30CrMnSi, 45Mn2, 40MnB pogwiritsa ntchito kugwedezeka kotentha kapena kugwedezeka kozizira. Mapaipi opanda msoko opangidwa ndi chitsulo chotsika mpweya monga 10 ndi 20 amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa mapaipi otumizira madzi.
Kawirikawiri, njira yopangira mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: njira yojambula yozizira ndi njira yotenthetsera. Izi ndi chidule cha momwe mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika amakokedwera ozizira ndi mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika chosasunthika amagwirira ntchito:
Njira yopangira chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda chokokedwa ndi ozizira (chopindidwa ndi ozizira): kukonzekera ndi kuyang'anira chitoliro cha chubu → kutentha kwa chitoliro cha chubu → kubowola → kuzunguliza chitoliro chachitsulo → kutenthanso chitoliro chachitsulo → kukula (kuchepetsa) m'mimba mwake → chithandizo cha kutentha → kumalizidwa kuwongola chitoliro → kumaliza → kuyang'anira (kosawononga, mwakuthupi komanso mwamankhwala, kuyang'anira benchi) → kusungira
Mapaipi achitsulo osapindika opangidwa ndi chitsulo chozizira ayenera choyamba kuchitidwa ma roll atatu mosalekeza, ndipo mayeso a kukula ayenera kuchitidwa pambuyo potulutsa. Ngati palibe ming'alu yoyankhira pamwamba, chubu chozungulira chiyenera kudulidwa ndi makina odulira ndikudula ma billets okhala ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi mita imodzi. Kenako lowetsani njira yothira. Kuthira kuyenera kupakidwa ndi madzi amchere. Mukathira, samalani ngati pali thovu lalikulu pamwamba. Ngati pali thovu lalikulu, zikutanthauza kuti mtundu wa chitoliro chachitsulo sukugwirizana ndi miyezo yoyenera.
Njira yolumikizira chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika chotenthedwa (chotulutsidwa): chubu chozungulira chozungulira → kutentha → kubowola → kuzunguliza kwa ma roll atatu oblique, kuzunguliza kosalekeza kapena kutulutsa → kuchotsa chubu → kukula (kapena kuchepetsa) m'mimba mwake → kuziziritsa → chubu chozungulira → kuwongola → kuyesa kuthamanga kwa madzi (kapena kuzindikira zolakwika) → kulemba chizindikiro → kusungira
Kugubuduza kotentha, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, kumakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa chidutswa chogubuduza, kotero kukana kwa kusinthika ndi kochepa ndipo kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kusinthika kumatha kupezeka. Mkhalidwe wotumizira mapaipi achitsulo osapindika otenthedwa nthawi zambiri amagubuduza ndi kutentha asanatumizidwe. Chubu cholimba chimawunikidwa ndipo zolakwika pamwamba zimachotsedwa, kudulidwa kutalika kofunikira, pakati pa kumapeto kwa chubu choboola, kenako kutumizidwa ku ng'anjo yotenthetsera kuti itenthe ndikuboola pa choboola. Pamene chikuboola, chimazungulira ndikupita patsogolo mosalekeza. Pansi pa ntchito ya ma rollers ndi mutu, pang'onopang'ono pamakhala dzenje mkati mwa chubu, lomwe limatchedwa chubu cholimba. Chubucho chitachotsedwa, chimatumizidwa ku makina odzipangira okha kuti chigubuduze, kenako makulidwe a khoma amasinthidwa ndi makina olinganiza, ndipo kukula kwake kumatsimikiziridwa ndi makina olinganiza kuti akwaniritse zofunikira. Pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kugobuduza kotentha, kuyesa kuboola kuyenera kuchitika. Ngati kukula kwa kuboola ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, kuyenera kuwongoledwa ndikukonzedwa, kenako ndikulemba zilembo ndikusungidwa.
Kuyerekeza njira yojambula yozizira ndi njira yotenthetsera: Njira yotenthetsera yozizira ndi yovuta kwambiri kuposa njira yotenthetsera yotentha, koma ubwino wa pamwamba, mawonekedwe, ndi kulondola kwa mbale zachitsulo zotenthetsera yozizira ndi zabwino kuposa za mbale zotenthetsera, ndipo makulidwe a chinthucho amatha kukhala ochepa.
Kukula: Chitoliro chakunja cha chitoliro chopanda chopanda chotentha nthawi zambiri chimakhala chachikulu kuposa 32mm, ndipo makulidwe a khoma ndi 2.5-200mm. Chitoliro chakunja cha chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda chopanda chozizira chikhoza kukhala mpaka 6mm, makulidwe a khoma akhoza kukhala mpaka 0.25mm, makulidwe akunja a chitoliro chopanda chopyapyala chikhoza kukhala mpaka 5mm, ndipo makulidwe a khoma ndi osakwana 0.25mm (ngakhale ochepera 0.2mm), ndipo kulondola kwa kuzizira kopanda cho ...
Mawonekedwe: Ngakhale kuti makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro chachitsulo chosapindika chozizira nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa kuposa a chitoliro chachitsulo chosapindika chotentha, pamwamba pake pamaoneka owala kuposa chitoliro chachitsulo chosapindika chotentha chopindika chokhuthala, pamwamba pake sipamakhala poyipa kwambiri, ndipo m'mimba mwake mulibe ma burrs ambiri.
Mkhalidwe Wotumizira: Mapaipi achitsulo otenthedwa amaperekedwa ali mu mkhalidwe wotenthedwa kapena wokonzedwa ndi kutentha, ndipo mapaipi achitsulo otenthedwa ndi kuzizira amaperekedwa ali mu mkhalidwe wotenthedwa.