Ndi zambirichitoliro chachitsulo chopanda msokozomera ku China, ngati mutangosankha oimira ochepa, ndani akanakhala woyamba kubwera m'maganizo mwanu?

Lero, tidzakambirana za iwo limodzi ndi limodzi, kuyambira kumpoto mpaka kum'mwera.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi Kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa China. Ansteel Seamless Steel Pipe Plant, yomwe idayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1953, inali fakitale yoyamba yachitsulo yopanda msoko ku New China, yomwe imadziwika mumakampani kuti "chibadwidwe."

Ili ndi mphamvu yopangira matani 500,000 pachaka, yokhala ndi zofunikira kuyambira Φ60-180mm, makamaka kupanga mapaipi a zitsime zamafuta, mapaipi a mapaipi, ndi machubu a boiler.

Ansteel imadziwika ndi maziko ake olimba komanso ukadaulo wokhazikika, ndipo nthawi zonse yakhala ndi mbiri yabwino m'magawo opangira mafuta ndi makina.

Kenako, tiyeni tiwone North China. Tianjin Steel Pipe, yomwe imadziwika mumakampaniwa kuti "TPCO" (Great Seamless), imatha kupanga matani 3.5 miliyoni pachaka, ndipo matani opitilira 1.5 miliyoni ndi mapaipi amafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwa malo apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi omwe amapangidwa ndi chomera chimodzi.

Imatsogola mdziko muno mu zinthu zapamwamba monga mapaipi apaipi akuya kwambiri, mapaipi amafuta a zitsime zakuya kwambiri, ndi mapaipi amafuta oteteza dzimbiri kwambiri.

Mwachidule: Chitoliro cha Tianjin Steel ndiye chisankho choyamba cha mapulojekiti akuya kwambiri m'nyanja ndi m'zitsime zakuya kwambiri mdziko lonse.

Gulu la Baogang, lomwe lili kumpoto kwa China, limagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe za Baotou zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta kuti zikhale ndi ubwino wapadera m'mapaipi apadera omwe sakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri komanso omwe sakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri.

Mphamvu yake yopangira pachaka imaposa matani 1.2 miliyoni, ndipo specifications zake zimayambira pa Φ38-457mm. Mu 2025, chitoliro chake cha 690 MPa chomwe chinapangidwa payekha chinali kale chopangidwa ndi kupezeka kwa anthu ambiri.

Baogang wapita patsogolo mwachangu m'mapaipi apamwamba kwambiri komanso mapaipi amafuta m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndipo wapezanso satifiketi ya API.

Ku East China, kupanga mapaipi achitsulo opanda zingwe a Shandong Luli Group kunaposa matani 3.37 miliyoni mu 2023, ndipo kunali koyamba mdzikolo pankhani ya kupanga ndi kugulitsa.

Kampani yake yothandizira, 'Panjin Steel Pipe,' ili ndi mawaya asanu ndi limodzi apamwamba opopera madzi otentha omwe akuyembekezeka kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwana matani 6 miliyoni.

Makhalidwe a Luli ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa batch, specifications zambiri, komanso mtengo wotsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera mapulojekiti akuluakulu.

Ku Central China, Henan Fengbao Pipe Industry yayika ndalama zokwana 1.2 biliyoni yuan mu projekiti yayikulu komanso yolimba kwambiri ya mapaipi achitsulo, ndipo mphamvu yake yopanga mapaipi achitsulo osasefedwa idzapitirira matani 2 miliyoni posachedwa.

Fengbao yadzaza mpata wa kupanga mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika okhala ndi mainchesi akuluakulu, ndipo mphamvu zake zogwirira ntchito mozama zidzapanga zoposa 60% ya ntchito zake zonse.

Cholinga chake ndi kumanga maziko apamwamba a mapaipi amafuta, mapaipi omangidwa, ndi machubu a boiler okhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamphamvu komanso yapakati.

Komanso ku Central China, Hubei Daye Special Steel, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1890, imadziwika kuti "chiyambi cha kupanga zitsulo zamakono ku China."

Ili ndi mphamvu yopangira mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika okhala ndi makoma apakatikati okhuthala okwana matani miliyoni imodzi, okhala ndi zofunikira kuyambira Φ51-534mm ndi makulidwe a makoma kuyambira 5-130mm.

Ndiwo omwe amalamulira msika wa mapaipi amakina aukadaulo ndi machubu a boiler okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu. Pa mapulojekiti omwe ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri paukadaulo, ndi omwe amasankhidwa bwino.

Takambirana za makampani angapo oimira ochokera kumpoto chakum'mawa, kumpoto, kum'mawa, ndi pakati pa China. Mu gawo lotsatira, tipitiliza kum'mwera kuti tikambirane za Baosteel ndi mafakitale akuluakulu omwe ali pansi pa CITIC Pacific ku East China, komanso makampani angapo omwe ali ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino otumizira kunja. Kumbukirani kutitsatira.

Takambirana za opanga makampani akuluakulu angapo m'madera akumpoto ndi pakati. Nthawi ino, tikusamukira ku East China ndi kum'mwera. Kampani imodzi yomwe aliyense amaidziwa bwino ndi Baosteel, yomwe ili ku Shanghai.

Kum'mawa kwa China: Baosteel, "Mzere Wachitatu" wa Zinthu Zazitali Zapamwamba

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi Baosteel. Ili ku Shanghai, ndi kampani yodziwika bwino kwambiri m'makampani athu. Mphero yake yozungulira yozungulira yokhala ndi mayunitsi 140 imadzitamandira ndi mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Mapaipi amphamvu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo ovuta kugwira ntchito monga m'nyanja yakuya ndi m'malo akuya kwambiri, ndipo mapaipi ake a zitsime zamafuta okwana 13Cr osakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri alowa m'misika yakunja.

Mu 2025, Baosteel idayika ndalama zokwana 4.96 biliyoni yuan kuti imange maziko a chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika chapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zidakweza zinthu zazitali zapamwamba kukhala chinthu chachitatu chachikulu kwambiri.

Baosteel imadziwika ndi luso lamphamvu laukadaulo, chitukuko cha zinthu zapamwamba mwachangu, komanso ndalama zambiri zofufuzira ndi chitukuko mkati mwa makampani.

Tiyeni tikambirane za CITIC Pacific Special Steel. Si fakitale imodzi yokha, koma gulu lomwe lili ndi likulu lake ku Jiangyin, Jiangsu.

Ili ndi maziko asanu akuluakulu opangira: Xingcheng Special Steel, Daye Special Steel, Qingdao Special Steel, Tianjin Steel Pipe, ndi Jingjiang Special Steel.

Mu nthawi ya Dongosolo la Zaka Zisanu la 14, CITIC Special Steel inaphatikiza zida zachitsulo za maziko ake osiyanasiyana, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yake yonse yopanga mapaipi achitsulo osapindika kufika pa matani 5 miliyoni, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti ikhale yopanga mapaipi achitsulo osapindika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Mwachidule: ndi gawo la theka la ndalama zomwe China imatumiza kunja kuchokera kunja kwa mapaipi achitsulo.

Pakati pa makampani ogwirizana ndi CITIC Special Steel, Jiangyin Xingcheng Special Steel ndiye maziko ake akuluakulu, okhala ndi mphamvu yopangira matani 6.9 miliyoni achitsulo chapadera pachaka.

Zogulitsa za Xingcheng sizimangopanga mapaipi achitsulo okha, komanso zimapanga chitsulo chonyamula zitsulo, chitsulo chamagalimoto, ndi chitsulo champhamvu." Udindo waukulu wa Xingcheng padziko lonse lapansi m'mundawu umakhazikitsa muyezo wa makampani onse apadera achitsulo.

Kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo ndi njira zatsopano zopangira mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika kumadalira kwambiri chithandizo cha zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi makampani otsogola achitsulo monga Xingcheng.

Kuphatikiza apo, Zhejiang Jiuli Special Materials ndi ngwazi yobisika m'munda wa mapaipi osapanga dzimbiri opanda msoko.

Imagwira ntchito kwambiri ndi mapaipi apadera monga 304, 316L, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha duplex, ndi ma alloys osapsa ndi kutentha kwambiri, okhala ndi ma specifications kuyambira Φ6-219mm ndi makulidwe a khoma kuyambira 0.5-18mm, komanso mphamvu yopangira pafupifupi matani 40,000.

Zogulitsa zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mphamvu ya nyukiliya, petrochemicals, mphamvu zatsopano, ndi uinjiniya wa m'madzi, ndi phindu lalikulu loposa 34%.

Ponena za chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi mapaipi apadera a alloy, Jiuli ndi dzina losapeŵeka.

Kum'mwera kwenikweni, Hunan Hengyang Hualing Steel Pipe, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1958... Jianchang ndi kampani yaukadaulo yodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi yopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosasunthika.

Mafotokozedwe a malondawa ndi aatali kuyambira 32-762mm, ndipo amathanso kupanga machubu amakona anayi ndi apakati.

Mu 2025, idzagwirizana ndi Danieli kuti ipange chingwe chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi chopangidwa ndi mafunde otentha osalekeza, chopangidwa ndi mainchesi Φ24.

Chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha mapaipi a mafuta ndi gasi ndi HS155V, pamapaipi olumikizirana chimafika pa X100Q, ndipo pamapaipi opopera mphamvu amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 600℃.

Mwachidule: mphamvu yaikulu pakupanga zinthu zapamwamba zapakhomo.

Pomaliza, poyang'ana Southwest China, Panzhihua Iron & Steel Group Chengdu Steel & Vanadium. Pokhala ndi mphamvu yopangira matani 2.12 miliyoni pachaka, zinthu zake zimaphimba mapaipi amafuta, machubu a boiler, ndi zina zotero, ndipo ili ndi satifiketi ya API ndi zilolezo zopangira zida zachitetezo cha nyukiliya.

Mafotokozedwe: Φ6-720mm, makulidwe a khoma 0.5-45mm mapaipi achitsulo opanda msoko apereka chithandizo chachikulu ku mafakitale monga chitetezo cha dziko, ndege, mphamvu ya nyukiliya, ndi ma boiler.

Pangang (Pangang Group) ndi kampani yopanga mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika kumwera chakumadzulo kwa China yokhala ndi mitundu yonse ya zinthu zomwe imapanga.

Zachidziwikire, pali makampani ena ambiri omwe sanatchulidwe, monga Jingjiang Special Steel, Qingdao Special Steel, Zhejiang Taifu, komanso Dalipu, Molong, Chengde, Longchuan, Jianlong, Huarun, Changjiang, ndi ena. Akuperekanso ndalama zambiri mwakachetechete komanso mopanda chidwi pantchito yomanga mphamvu, zomangamanga, komanso mafakitale otumiza kunja. Timawayamikira kwambiri.

Gulu lathu lakhala likugwira ntchito yopanga mapaipi achitsulo kwa zaka 20 ndipo likugwirizana kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mafakitale achitsulo awa. Mtundu uliwonse wa mapaipi achitsulo womwe mukufuna, tidzakuthandizani kupeza ogulitsa oyenera kwambiri. Mumakonza maoda, ndipo ife tidzasamalira kufanana kwawo.