Mapaipi olumikizidwaZigawidwa m'magulu atatu makamaka kutengera njira zopangira ndi mapatani a weld: ERW (mapaipi otetezedwa ndi resistance), LSAW (mapaipi olumikizidwa ndi arc welded arc), ndi HSAW/SSAW (mapaipi olumikizidwa ndi arc welded arc spiral).

Njira zawo zopangira ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito chilichonse chili ndi cholinga chosiyana. Mwachidule: ERW idapangidwira makamaka mainchesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakati, kugogomezera kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kulondola; LSAWImagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pa ma diameter akuluakulu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri pamapulojekiti omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu; pomwe HSAW imatha kupanga ma diameter akuluakulu kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zopapatiza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yotsika mtengo kwambiri.

Kuyerekeza Mitundu Itatu Ikuluikulu ya Mapaipi Osefedwa ndi Mafakitale

Choyamba, ndasonkhanitsa kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu patebulo lachidule kuti ndiwone mwachidule:

Kukula kwa Kuyerekeza	ERW(Kuwotcherera Kosagwira Ntchito ndi Magetsi)	LSAW(Kuwotcherera kwa Arc Yokhala ndi Longitudinal Submerged)	HSAW(Kuwotcherera kwa Arc Yokhala ndi Helical Submerged Arc) / SSAW
mawonekedwe a weld	Msoko wolunjika wolunjika, wofanana ndi thupi la chubu	Msoko wolunjika wolunjika, wofanana ndi thupi la chubu	Msoko wozungulira wozungulira, wozungulira thupi la chubu
zopangira	Choyimbira chachitsulo chotenthedwa	Mbale imodzi yokhuthala	Ma coil achitsulo otenthedwa kapena chitsulo chopapatiza
Chiwerengero Chogwiritsidwa Ntchito	Yaing'ono mpaka yapakatikati (nthawi zambiri≤610 mm)	Yapakati mpaka yayikulu (nthawi zambiri 406 mm)–1500 mm)	Yaikulu mpaka yayikulu kwambiri (nthawi zambiri 219 mm)–3660 mm)
Njira Yowotcherera	Kukana kwa pafupipafupi kwambirikuwotcherera, popanda waya wowotcherera	Kuwotcherera kwa arc kokhala ndi mbali ziwiri, pogwiritsa ntchito waya wowotcherera ndi flux	Kuwotcherera kwa arc kokhala ndi mbali ziwiri, pogwiritsa ntchito waya wowotcherera ndi flux
ubwino	Kuchita bwino kwambiri popanga zinthu, mtengo wotsika, komanso kulondola kwakukulu	Chotchingiracho chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, chimalimbana ndi kupanikizika kwambiri, komanso chimalimbana ndi dzimbiri pa kutentha kochepa.	Nsalu yopapatiza ingagwiritsidwe ntchitokupanga machubu akuluakulu okhala ndi ndalama zochepa zogwiritsira ntchito zida komanso mtengo wotsika.
kusowa	Ndi okhawo omwe amatha kupanga mapaipi opyapyala okhala ndi makoma ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakati, omwe ali ndi chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa weld.	Njirayi ndi yovuta komanso yokwera mtengo.	Utali wa weld ndi 1.5–Chitolirocho chikapitilira kawirikutalika, ndi kusalamulira bwino miyeso ya geometric.
Ntchito Yachizolowezi	Gasi wa mumzinda, mafuta oyeretsedwa, ndi kayendedwe ka madzi otsika mphamvu	Mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi oyenda mtunda wautali, omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulumadera monga madera ozizira ndi pansi pa nyanja, ndi mapulojekiti aukadaulo wakunja kwa nyanja	Kutumiza madzi m'mimba mwake waukulu, kuyendetsa milu, mapaipi omangidwa, mayendedwe amadzimadzi ambiri
Malo Okhudzidwa ndi Kutentha (HAZ)	kakang'ono	kakang'ono	chachikulu
bwino pakupanga	Kutalika (~mamita 12 pamphindi)	Wapakati (~mamita 4 pamphindi)	Zochepa (~mamita awiri pamphindi)

Kusanthula Kwatsatanetsatane kwa Mitundu ya Mapaipi Osefedwa

Chubu cha ERW (Electric Resistance Welding)

ERW imagwiritsa ntchito makamaka mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi komanso mphamvu ya khungu kuti itenthetse m'mphepete mwa chingwe chachitsulo mpaka chitakhala chosungunuka, kutsatiridwa ndiPogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuti zigwirizane. Palibe waya wowotcherera womwe umawonjezedwa panthawi yonseyi.

Ubwino ndi zofooka zazikulu: Chitoliro cha ERWma welds ali ndi afupiafupi, osalalaZosokedwa ndi miyeso yolondola kwambiri komanso mtengo wotsika.Komabe, zinthuzo zimakhala ndi chidwi ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala, ndipo pali chiopsezo cha zolakwika zosakwanira mu ma weld.

Kupanga ndi Miyezo: Njira ya ERW imagwiritsa ntchito mzere wopanga wopitilira mwachangu kwambiri, woyenera kupanga zinthu zambiriMiyezo yoyambira yotsatirira malamulo ikuphatikizapo API 5L ndi GB/T 9711.1.

Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito: Ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri m'mapaipi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, ambiriamagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza ndi kugawa gasi m'mizinda, mayendedwe amafuta oyeretsedwa, maukonde operekera madzi, komanso kuthandizira zomangamanga za nyumba.

Chitoliro chowongoka cha LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) cholumikizidwa ndi msoko wowongoka

Mu njira ya LSW, mbale imodzi yachitsulo imayikidwa kaye mu mawonekedwe a cylindrical pa makina opangira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutsegula kwakutali. Pambuyo pake, waya wothira filler umagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji kuti ugwire ntchito yothira arc yomwe ili pansi pamadzi pa malo amkati ndi akunja a chubu chopanda kanthu.

Njira Zopangira: Njira zazikulu zopangira zimaphatikizapo UOE, JCOE, ndi HME. Pakati pa izi, njira ya UOE, yomwe imaphatikizapoNjira yokulira m'mimba mwake pambuyo pa weld, imachotsa bwino kupsinjika kwamkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinthu chomalizidwa chikhale cholondola kwambiri.

Ubwino Wapakati: Msoko wothira umasonyeza malo ofooka kwambiri mu kapangidwe ka chitoliro. Ubwino wonse wa mapaipi a LSAWZimachokera ku njira yawo yowotcherera yolondola komanso yowongoka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwambiri.

Miyezo ndi Zipangizo: Kutsatira makamaka miyezo monga API 5L ndi GB/T 9711, yokhala ndi zofunikira zolimba pa khalidwe la zinthu ndi njira zopangira.

Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito: Imagwira ntchito ngati "njira yodziwika bwino" yogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zoopsa/zamtengo wapatali, monga mizere yayikulu ya thunthumapaipi amafuta ndi gasi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, mapaipi a pansi pa madzi, madera omwe kuzizira kwambiri kapena zivomerezi zimachitika, ndi mapaipi omwe amawoloka mitsinje.

Chitoliro cha HSAW (Helical Submerged Arc Welding)

HSAW (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti SSAW) imaphatikizapo kuyika chitsulocho mu makina opangira zinthu pa ngodya inayake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiziyenda mozungulira ngati kasupe wozungulira, ndipo m'mbali mwake zimasonkhana kuti zikhale msoko wozungulira. Pambuyo pake, cholumikizira cha arc chokhala ndi mbali ziwiri chimalumikiza mwamphamvu msoko uwu.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka zazikulu: Zipangizozi zimasinthasintha, komaKutalika kwa weld yozungulira kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Kuchokera pakuwunika kupsinjika, weldimatha kupewa njira yoyamba ya kupsinjika kwamkati; komabe, magwiridwe ake sali abwino kwambiri pakakhala zovuta monga kupsinjika kwa nthaka.

Kugawa ndi Miyezo: Kutengera ndi kupanikizika, zitha kugawidwa m'magawo a mapaipi otumizira madzi (monga muyezo wa SY/T5037) ndi mapaipi otumizira madzi otengera kupanikizika (monga muyezo wa GB/T 9711).

Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito: Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapulojekiti otumizira madzi akutali, akuluakulu, mapaipi otenthetsera m'mizinda, ndi nyumba zonyamula katundu wolemera pamadoko ndi milatho.

Chidule: Kodi mungasankhe bwanji?

Kawirikawiri, kusankha chitoliro cholumikizidwa bwino kumaphatikizapo kusinthana pakati pa magwiridwe antchito, mtengo, ndi chiopsezo.

Kuchita bwino choyamba, mtengo wake suli wofunikira: perekani patsogolo LSAW.

Kukonza bwino ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: Mu ntchito zachikhalidwe monga kufalitsa mafuta ndi gasi komanso maukonde a mapaipi a m'mizinda, ERW ndi chisankho chapadera.

Kupeza ma diameter akuluakulu kwambiri pazachuma: Pa mapulojekiti akuluakulu omwe amafuna kupanikizika pang'ono komanso miyezo yabwino yolumikizirana—monga kutumiza madzi ndi kuyendetsa milu—HSAW ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri.