1. Miyezo yogwiritsira ntchito
Tsimikizani mtundu waposachedwa wa ASTM A333/A 333M (kapangidwe ka mankhwala ka mtunduwo pambuyo pa 2016 kasinthidwa, ndipo zoletsa zatsopano za element monga Cr, Ni, ndi Mo zawonjezeredwa).
2. Kulamulira kapangidwe ka mankhwala
Malire a zinthu zofunika:
C≤0.30% (kaboni wochepa umathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale zolimba), Mn 0.29-1.06% (yosinthidwa ndi C), P≤0.025%, S≤0.025% (yoletsa zinthu zoopsa).
Mtundu wa 2016 umawonjezera malire apamwamba a Ni, Cr, Mo, ndi zina zotero (monga Ni≤0.40%), ndipo ndikofunikira kuwona ngati buku la chitsimikizo lili ndi chizindikiro cha carbon equivalent (CET).
Kusintha kwa Zinthu: Mtundu watsopano wa A333GR6 wasinthidwa kuchoka pa chitsulo cha C-Mn kupita ku chitsulo chotsika kwambiri, ndipo wagwira ntchito bwino.
1. Kapangidwe ka makina
Mphamvu yokoka ≥415MPa, mphamvu yokoka ≥240MPa, chiŵerengero chochepa cha mphamvu yokoka (chowonetsa kuthekera kwa kusintha kwa pulasitiki)
Mayeso a kutentha kochepa:
Kutentha kwa mayeso kumasiyana malinga ndi makulidwe a khoma (monga -45℃ ~ -52℃), ndipo zofunikira pa mgwirizano ziyenera kufotokozedwa momveka bwino.
Mphamvu ya mphamvu iyenera kukwaniritsa muyezo, nthawi zambiri imafuna ≥20J (onani ASTM A333 kuti mudziwe zambiri).
2. Kapangidwe ka metallographic
Mkhalidwe woperekera uyenera kukhala wofanana wa ferrite + pearlite, ndi kukula kwa tirigu wa 7 ~ 9 (tirigu wopyapyala ukhoza kuchepetsa chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya zokolola).
Ndibwino kusankha mapaipi achitsulo omwe azimitsidwa + otenthedwa (kapangidwe kake ndi troostite wofewa, ndipo kulimba kwa kutentha kochepa ndikwabwino).
Njira yochizira kutentha
Zolemba zoyeretsera kutentha ziyenera kuperekedwa: kutentha ≥815℃→kuzima madzi→kutenthetsa kuti zitsimikizire kufanana kwa kapangidwe kake.
Pewani mkhalidwe woyambirira wosachiritsidwa kapena wosayenera kuchiritsidwa (kapangidwe kolimba kamapangitsa kuti chilema chikhale chotsika kutentha).
Mkhalidwe wotumizira
Kawirikawiri zimaperekedwa mu mkhalidwe wokhazikika + wofewa kapena wozimitsidwa + wofewa, zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa mu mgwirizano.
1. Kukhuthala kwa khoma ndi kukhudzana kwa kutentha komwe kumakhudza
Mwachitsanzo: pamene makulidwe a khoma ndi 7.62mm, kutentha kwa mayeso okhudzidwa kuyenera kufika -52℃ (kotsika kuposa -45℃ yokhazikika).
Mafotokozedwe a malo odziwika bwino: 8-1240mm × 1-200mm (SCH5S-XXS), kufunikira kwenikweni kuyenera kufufuzidwa.
2. Zinthu zina zofanana
A333GR6≈X42N/L290N/API 5L B PSL2 (chitoliro cha mzere), koma ndikofunikira kutsimikizira ngati kutentha kochepa kwakwaniritsidwa.
Zikalata zofunika kuzifufuza
Chitsimikizo cha Zinthu (MTC), lipoti la chithandizo cha kutentha, lipoti la mayeso okhudza kutentha kochepa, lipoti la mayeso osawononga (UT/RT).
Pambuyo pa mtundu wa 2016, deta yoyesera ya zinthu zatsopano za alloy (Ni, Cr, ndi zina zotero) iyenera kuphatikizidwa.
Kuyang'ananso kwa chipani chachitatu
Ndikoyenera kuyang'ananso zinthu zofunika (monga mayeso a kukhudzidwa, kapangidwe ka mankhwala) potengera zitsanzo, makamaka pa ntchito zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu (monga mapaipi a LNG).
Kuchuluka kwa kutentha
Kutentha kogwiritsidwa ntchito komwe kumapangidwa ≥-45℃, zochitika zotentha kwambiri (monga -195℃) ziyenera kuwunika ngati giredi yapamwamba (monga A333GR3/GR8) ikufunika.
Ntchito zamakampani
Mafuta (ethylene, LNG), zida zoziziritsira, mapaipi a cryogenic, ndi zina zotero, ziyenera kuganizira za chitetezo chowonjezera (monga chophimba) malinga ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthuzo
Ziyeneretso ndi magwiridwe antchito
Sankhani makamaka opanga omwe ali ndi ziyeneretso zopanga za ASTM A333, ndipo mufunikire zitsanzo zoperekera zinthu pamapulojekiti ofanana.
Samalani ndi khalidwe la amalonda la "OEM" ndipo tsimikizirani zikalata zoyambirira za chitsimikizo cha fakitale.
Mtengo ndi nthawi yotumizira
Mtundu wa aloyi wotsika (usanafike chaka cha 2016) ukhoza kukhala ndi mtengo wotsika, koma kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi kwakukulu, ndipo magwiridwe antchito onse akufunika.
Mafotokozedwe apadera (monga mapaipi okhala ndi makoma okhuthala akuluakulu) angafunike kusinthidwa, zomwe zingapangitse kuti nthawi yoperekera ipitirire.
Kuopsa kwa chisokonezo: Musasokoneze A333GR6 ndi A335GR6 (chitsulo cha chromium-molybdenum chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kutentha kwambiri).
Zinthu zakale zogwiritsidwa ntchito: Tsimikizirani ngati chitoliro chachitsulo chapangidwa pambuyo pa mtundu wa 2016 kuti zinthu zakale zogwiritsidwa ntchito muzinthu zakale zisakwaniritse miyezo.
Njira yowotcherera: Kuwotcherera mapaipi achitsulo otentha kwambiri kumafuna zipangizo zowotcherera zofanana (monga ENiCrMo-3), ndipo wogulitsa ayenera kupereka malangizo owotcherera.
Kudzera mu mfundo zomwe zili pamwambapa, wogula akhoza kuwunika mwadongosolo kuti chitoliro cha aloyi cha A333GR6 chikugwirizana ndi zomwe zanenedwa, kufananiza magwiridwe antchito, komanso kudalirika kwa wopereka kuti atsimikizire chitetezo ndi ndalama zomwe polojekitiyi ikupereka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-12-2025
