Kuumbwa kwemakemikari

Gr.3: Hunhu hwekabhoni ≤0.19%, hunhu hwesilicon 0.18%-0.37%, hunhu hwemanganese 0.31%-0.64%, hunhu hwephosphorus nesarufa ≤0.025%, uye inewo 3.18%-3.82% nickel.

Gr.6: Kuwanda kwekabhoni ≤0.30%, silicon ≥0.10%, manganese 0.29%-1.06%, phosphorus nesarufa zvese ≤0.025%.

Hunhu hwemakanika

Gr.3: simba rekudhonza ≥450MPa, simba rekugovanisa ≥240MPa, kureba ≥30% kwenguva refu, ≥20% yakachinjika, tembiricha yekuyedza kushaya simba yakaderera ndeye -150°F (-100°C).

Gr.6: simba rekudhonza ≥415MPa, simba rekugovanisa ≥240MPa, kureba ≥30% kwenguva refu, ≥16.5% yakachinjika, tembiricha yekuyedza kukanganiswa yakaderera ndeye -50°F (-45°C).

Maitiro ekugadzira

Kunyungudutsa: Shandisa chitofu chemagetsi kana chishanduri nezvimwe zvishandiso kubvisa okisijeni, kubvisa tsvina uye kusanganisa simbi yakanyungudutswa kuti uwane simbi yakanyungudutswa yakachena.

Kutenderedza: Isa simbi yakanyungudutswa muchubhu inotenderedza chigayo kuti itenderedze, deredza dhayamita yechubhu zvishoma nezvishoma wowana ukobvu hwemadziro hunodiwa, uye panguva imwe chete, gadzirisa pamusoro pechubhu yesimbi.

Kugadzirisa zvinhu zvinotonhora: Kuburikidza nekugadzirisa zvinhu zvinotonhora zvakaita sekudhirowa kana kutenderedza zvinhu zvinotonhora, kunyatsojeka uye kunaka kwechubhu yesimbi kunogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya.

Kurapa kupisa: Kazhinji, inounzwa mumamiriro ekugadzirisa kana kugadzirisa uye tempering kubvisa kushushikana kwakasara mukati mechubhu yesimbi uye kuvandudza mashandiro ayo akazara.

Munda wekushandisa

Petrochemical: Inoshandiswa kugadzira mapaipi emidziyo ine simba shoma uye mapaipi ekuchinjana kupisa ane simba shoma munzvimbo dzemafuta, indasitiri yemakemikari, nezvimwewo, ayo anogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandiswa munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera, senge gasi rechisikigo rakanyungudutswa. Matangi ekuchengetera gasi rechisikigo, mapaipi ekutumira mafuta ane tembiricha yakaderera, nezvimwewo.

Gasi rechisikigo: Rakakodzera mapaipi ekufambisa gasi rechisikigo uye matangi ekuchengetera gasi nezvimwe zvishandiso kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti kushanda kwakachengeteka munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera.

Mimwe minda: Inoshandiswawo mumagetsi, mundege, uye mukuvaka ngarava, zvakaita sezvinhu zvikuru zvekuvaka zvemakondensa, mabhoyira nezvimwe zvishandiso mumidziyo yemagetsi, uye zvinhu zvikuru zvekuvaka zvema hydraulic system, ma fuel system nezvimwe zvishandiso mumunda wendege.

Magadzirirwo uye saizi

Magadzirirwo akajairika uye saizi dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai sedhayamita yekunze 21.3-711mm, ukobvu hwemadziro 2-120mm, nezvimwewo.
Pombi yesimbi isina musono yeGr.6, kunyanya ASTM A333/A333M GR.6 kana SA-333/SA333M GR.6Pombi yesimbi isina musono ine tembiricha yakaderera, chinhu chakakosha mumaindasitiri, chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoda kusimba kwakaderera uye simba rakawanda. Zvinotevera ndizvo zvinotsanangurwa zvakadzama nezvepombi yesimbi isina musono yeGr.6:

1. Maitiro ekushandisa uye zvinhu

Mipimo yekushandisa: Pombi yesimbi isina musono yeGr.6 inoshandisa mwero weASTM A333/A333M kana ASME SA-333/SA333M, iyo inopihwa neAmerican Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) neAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) uye inoshandiswa zvakananga kutsanangura zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvepombi dzesimbi dzisina musono uye pombi dzesimbi dzakasungirirwa kuti dzive nekupisa kwakaderera.

Zvinhu: Pombi yesimbi isina musono yeGr.6 ipombi yesimbi isina nickel isina tembiricha yakaderera, inoshandisa simbi yakasimba yealuminium-deoxidized fine-grained low-temperature toughness steel, inozivikanwawo sesimbi yakaurayiwa nealuminium. Chimiro chayo chesimbi chakagadzirwa nesimbi ine ferrite ye cubic iri pakati pemuviri.

2. Kuumbwa kwemakemikari

Makemikari epombi yesimbi isina musono yeGr.6 anosanganisira:

Kabhoni (C): Zviri mukati mayo zvakaderera, kazhinji hazvipfuure 0.30%, izvo zvinobatsira kuderedza kuputsika kwesimbi.

Manganese (Mn): Zviri mukati mayo zviri pakati pe0.29% ne1.06%, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera kusimba uye kusimba kwesimbi.

Silicon (Si): Zviri mukati zviri pakati pe0.10% ne0.37%, izvo zvinobatsira kuti simbi ibvise oxidation uye zvinogona kuwedzera simba resimbi kusvika pamwero wakati.

Phosphorus (P) nesarufa (S): Sezvinhu zvisina kuchena, huwandu hwazvo hwakaganhurirwa zvakanyanya, kazhinji hahupfuure 0.025%, nekuti huwandu hwakawanda hwephosphorus nesarufa hunoderedza kuomarara uye kugona kusveta kwesimbi.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisa: zvakaita sechromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), nezvimwewo, huwandu hwazvo hunodzorwawo padanho rakaderera kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti simbi inoshanda zvakanaka pakupisa kwakaderera uye kuti ishande zvakanaka.

3. Hunhu hwemakanika

Pombi yesimbi isina musono yeGr.6 ine hunhu hwakanaka hwemakanika, kunyanya kusanganisira:

Simba rekudhonza: Kazhinji riri pakati pe415 ne655 MPa, izvo zvinoita kuti pombi yesimbi irambe yakasimba uye inodzivirira kuputika kana iri pasi pekumanikidzwa.

Simba remugoho: Kukosha kudiki kunosvika 240 MPa (inogonawo kusvika kupfuura 200 MPa), kuitira kuti isazokonzera kukanganisika kwakanyanya pasi pemamwe masimba ekunze.

Kureba: kwete pasi pe30%, zvinoreva kuti pombi yesimbi ine kugona kwakanaka kwekuchinja kwepurasitiki uye inogona kugadzira kuchinja kwakati pasina kutyoka kana yakatambanudzwa nesimba rekunze. Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru pakushandiswa munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera, nekuti tembiricha yakaderera inogona kuita kuti chinhu chisanyanye kupfava, uye purasitiki yakanaka inogona kuderedza njodzi yekupwanyika kwakadaro.

Kusimba kwesimba: Pakupisa kwakaderera kwakataurwa (senge -45°C), simba resimba rinofanira kusangana nezvimwe zvinodiwa nenhamba kuburikidza nekuongorora kwesimba reCharpy kuitira kuti paipi yesimbi isatyoke kana yakuvadzwa nekupisa kwakaderera.