Iyo yekupisa kurapwa maitiro esimbi pombi inonyanya kusanganisira anotevera 5 mapoka:

1, kudzima + tembiricha yekupisa (inozivikanwawo sekudzima uye kudziya)

Iyo simbi mutopota inopisa kusvika pakudzima tembiricha, kuitira kuti chimiro chemukati chepombi chesimbi chishandurwe kuita austenite, uye chabva chatonhodzwa nekukurumidza kupfuura iyo yakakosha yekudzima kumhanya, kuitira kuti chimiro chemukati chepombi yesimbi chinoshandurwa kuita martensite, uyezve kushatirwa nekupisa kwakanyanya, pakupedzisira, iyo simbi yepombi inoshandurwa kuita yunifomu yakatsamwa sopranite. kuoma kwepombi yesimbi.

2, normalizing (inozivikanwawo se normalizing)

Mushure mokupisa pombi yesimbi kusvika kune normalizing tembiricha, chimiro chemukati chepombi chesimbi chinoshandurwa zvachose kuita austenite chimiro, uye ipapo kupisa kwekupisa kunotonhodzwa nemhepo seyepakati.After normalizing, akasiyana simbi magadzirirwo anogona kuwanikwa, akadai pearlite, bainite, martensite, kana musanganiswa wavo.Iyi nzira haigone kungonatsa zviyo, kuumbwa kweyunifomu, kubvisa kuomarara kwepombi uye kugadzirisa kuomarara kwesimbi.

Normalizing + kudzikama

Iyo chubhu yesimbi inopisa kusvika kune normalizing tembiricha, kuitira kuti chimiro chemukati chechubhu chesimbi chishandurwe zvachose kuita austenite chimiro, uye yobva yatonhodzwa mumhepo, uye yobva yashatirwa.Kuumbwa kwesimbi pombi kunopisa ferrite + pearlite, kana ferrite + bainite, kana kuti tempered bainite, kana kuti tempered martensite, kana kuti tempered magadzirirwo epurasitiki inogona kudzikamisa pombi yesimbi uye kugadzirwa kwayo kwesimbi. kuoma.

4, kuwedzera

Iyo nzira yekupisa yekupisa umo iyo chubhu yesimbi inodziya kusvika pakupisa tembiricha uye inochengetwa kwenguva yakati, yobva yatonhodzwa kusvika kune imwe tembiricha nechoto. Deredzai kuomarara kwepombi yesimbi, kuvandudza mapurasitiki ayo, kufambisa kunotevera kucheka kana kutonhora deformation kugadzirisa; Natsa zviyo, bvisa kukanganisa kwemukati, yunifomu yemukati dhizaini uye kuumbwa kwepombi, kudzivirira kuita kwesimbi pombi yemukati kana kuvandudza kushanda kwesimbi pombi. deformation kana kuputika.

5. Solution kurapwa

Iyo chubhu yesimbi inopisa kune tembiricha yemhinduro, kuitira kuti carbides uye alloying zvinhu zvinyungudiswe zvakazara uye zvakaenzana mu austenite, uye ipapo chubhu yesimbi inotonhorera nekukurumidza, kuitira kuti kabhoni uye alloying zvinhu zvishaye nguva yekunaya, uye kupisa kwekupisa kweimwe austenite chimiro kunowanikwa. deformation kugadzirisa; Dzosera iyo corrosion resistance yesimbi isina tsvina.