Mapaipi akasungirirwaZvikurukuru zvinoiswa muzvikamu zvitatu zvichibva pamaitiro ekugadzira uye mapatani eweld: ERW (mapombi anodzivirira kusungirirwa), LSAW (mapombi akasungirirwa arc akapfava), uye HSAW/SSAW (mapombi akasungirirwa arc akapfava).

Maitiro avo ekugadzira uye mamiriro ekushandisa chimwe nechimwe chine chinangwa chakasiyana. Muchidimbu: ERW yakagadzirirwa zvakanyanya dhayamita diki nepakati, ichisimbisa kushanda zvakanaka uye kurongeka; LSAWInobudirira zvikuru mukushandisa dhayamita hombe uye mashandisirwo ekumanikidza zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inosarudzwa kumapurojekiti ane njodzi huru; nepo HSAW ichigona kugadzira dhayamita hombe zvikuru ichishandisa zvinhu zvakatetepa, zvichipa mukana wekushandisa mari zvakanaka.

Kuenzaniswa kweMarudzi Matatu Makuru eMapombi Akasungirirwa Mumaindasitiri

Kutanga, ndaunganidza misiyano yavo mikuru patafura pfupiso kuti ndiwane ruzivo rwekukurumidza:

Chiyero chekuenzanisa	ERW(Kuwedera Kunodzivirira Magetsi)	LSAW(Kukwesha Arc Yakadzika Mumvura Yenguva refu)	HSAW(Kukwesha Arc Yakanyudzwa muHelical) / SSAW
chimiro che weld	Musono wakareba wakamira, wakaenzana nemuviri wechubhu	Musono wakareba wakamira, wakaenzana nemuviri wechubhu	Musono we weld unotenderedza muviri wechubhu
zvinhu zvakagadziriswa	Koiri yesimbi inopisa	Ndiro gobvu rimwe chete	Makoiri esimbi anomonereka kana simbi yakamanikana
Chikamu Chinoshanda	Diki kusvika pakati nepakati (kazhinji≤610 mm)	Pakati nepakati kusvika pakukura (kazhinji 406 mm–1500 mm)	Yakakura kusvika yakakura zvakanyanya (kazhinji 219 mm–3660 mm)
Nzira Yekushongedza	Kuramba kwakakwirirawelding, pasina waya we welding	Kusonwa kwearc pasi pemvura ine mativi maviri, uchishandisa waya yekusonwa uye flux	Kusonwa kwearc pasi pemvura ine mativi maviri, uchishandisa waya yekusonwa uye flux
kukodzera	Kubudirira kukuru pakugadzira, mutengo wakaderera, uye kururama kwepamusoro-soro	Welding iyi inoratidza kushanda zvakanaka kwazvo, kuramba kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, uye kuramba kudonha pakupisa kwakaderera.	Zvishandiso zvakatetepa zvinogona kushandiswakugadzira machubhu makuru asina mari yakawanda yekushandisa mumichina uye mutengo wakaderera.
kushaya simba	Inokwanisa chete kugadzira mapaipi ane madziro matete ane dhayamita diki kusvika pakati, pamwe nenjodzi dzekukanganisa kweweld.	Maitiro acho akaoma uye anodhura.	Kureba kwe weld i1.5–Kaviri kupfuura pombikureba, pasina kudzora kwakaringana kwehukuru hwejometri.
Kushandiswa Kwakajairika	Gasi remumaguta, zvigadzirwa zvepeturu zvakanatswa, uye kutakurwa kwemvura ine simba shoma	Mapaipi emafuta negesi ari kure, ane njodzi hurunzvimbo dzakadai senzvimbo dzinotonhora nepasi pegungwa, uye mapurojekiti einjiniya ekunze	Kutakurwa kwemvura kwakakura, kufambisa mirwi, mapaipi ekuvaka, kutakurwa kwemvura kwakajairika
Nzvimbo Inokonzerwa Nekupisa (HAZ)	diki	diki	hombe
kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira	Yakakwirira (~12 metres paminiti)	Pakati nepakati (~4 metres paminiti)	Zvakaderera (~2 metres paminiti)

Kuongororwa Kwakadzama Kwemhando Dzemapaipi Akasungirirwa

Chubhu yeERW (yemagetsi inodzivisa kusundira)

ERW inonyanya kushandisa simba remagetsi paganda uye padyo nemagetsi kuti ipise mipendero yesimbi kusvika yanyunguduka, zvichiteverwanekushandisa kumanikidza kuti simbi isanganiswe. Hapana waya yekuwedera inowedzerwa mukati mebasa rese.

Zvakanakira nemiganhu mikuru: ERW pombiwelds dzine mapfupi, akatsetsekamisono ine mativi akarurama uye mutengo wakaderera.Zvisinei, zvinhu izvi zvinonzwa kuumbwa kwemakemikari, uye pane njodzi yekuti zvidimbu zvewelds zvisashande zvakanaka.

Kugadzira uye Maitiro: Maitiro eERW anoshandisa mutsetse wekugadzira unoenderera mberi unomhanya zvakanyanya, wakanakira kugadzirwa kwevanhu vakawanda. Mitemo mikuru yekutevedzera mitemo inosanganisira API 5L uye GB/T 9711.1.

Maitiro ekushandisa: Ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mumapombi madiki nepakati, zvakanyanyainoshandiswa mukutakurwa nekugoverwa kwegasi muguta, kutakurwa kwemafuta akacheneswa, network dzemvura, uye rutsigiro rwezvivakwa.

LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) pombi yakatwasuka ine musono wakatwasuka

Mukuita kweLSW, ndiro imwe chete yesimbi inotanga yadzvanywa kuita chimiro che cylindrical pamuchina wekugadzira, zvichiita kuti pave nekuvhurika kwenguva refu. Zvadaro, waya yekuzadza inoiswa zvakananga kuti iite welding ye arc ine mativi maviri pamusoro pemukati nekunze kwechubhu isina chinhu.

Nzira Dzekugadzira: Maitiro makuru ekugadzira anosanganisira UOE, JCOE, uye HME. Pakati peizvi, nzira yeUOE, inosanganisiranzira yekuwedzera dhayamita mushure mekuweldwa, inobvisa zvinobudirira kushushikana kwemukati, zvichikonzera kunyatsojeka kwechigadzirwa chapera.

Kubatsira Kwakakosha: Musono we weld unomiririra nzvimbo isina kusimba muchimiro chepombi. Mabhenefiti ese emapaipi eLSAWzvinobva mukuita kwavo kwekunamira kwakarurama uye kunodzoreka, zvichikonzera mhando yepamusoro yekunamira.

Mitemo Nezvinhu: Kunyanya kutevedzera mitemo yakaita seAPI 5L neGB/T 9711, ine zvinodiwa zvakasimba zvemhando yezvinhu uye maitiro ekugadzira.

Mamiriro ekushandisa: Inoshanda se "pombi yakatarwa" yekushandisa ine njodzi huru/yakakosha, senge mitsetse mikuru yetrunkmapaipi emafuta negesi ane simba guru, mapaipi epasi pemvura, nzvimbo dzine chiitiko chinotonhora zvakanyanya kana kuti chinokonzeresa kudengenyeka kwenyika, uye mapaipi anoyambuka nzizi.

Pombi yeHSAW (Helical Submerged Arc Welding)

HSAW (inozivikanwawo seSSAW) inosanganisira kuramba uchiisa simbi mumuchina wekugadzira nekona chaiyo, zvichiita kuti ifambe yakatenderera sechitubu chakamoneredzwa, mipendero yayo ichibatana kuita musono wakakombama. Zvadaro, welder ine mativi maviri inosanganisa musono uyu zvakasimba.

Simba guru nekushaya simba: Midziyo yacho inochinjika, asiKureba kwesimbi inotenderera kwakawedzerwa zvakanyanya. Kubva pakuongorora kushushikana, simbi inotendererainogona kudzivirira divi guru rekushushikana kwemukati; zvisinei, mashandiro ayo haana kunaka kana paine mamiriro akaomarara akadai sekumanikidzwa kwepasi.

Kupatsanura uye Maitiro: Zvichibva padanho rekumanikidzwa, zvinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: mapaipi ekutumira mvura (semuenzaniso, SY/T5037 standard) uye mapaipi ekutumira mvura (semuenzaniso, GB/T 9711 standard).

Maitiro ekushandisa: Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapurojekiti ekufambiswa kwemvura ari kure, ane dhayamita hombe uye asina simba rakawanda, mapaipi ekudziyisa emumaguta, uye zvivakwa zvinotakura mutoro zvemadoko nemabhiriji.

Pfupiso: Ungasarudza sei?

Kazhinji, kusarudza pombi yakasungirirwa zvakanaka kunosanganisira kuchinjana pakati pekushanda kwayo, mutengo, uye njodzi.

Kushanda kwekutanga, mutengo usingakoshi: isa LSAW pamberi.

Kugadzirisa mashandiro emari: Mukushandiswa kwemagetsi ane simba guru sekufambisa mafuta negasi uye mapombi emumaguta, ERW isarudzo yakanaka kwazvo.

Kubudirira mukuwana dhayamita hombe zvakanyanya: Kune mapurojekiti ane dhayamita hombe anoda kumanikidzwa kwakasununguka uye mwero wemhando yeweld—zvakaita sekufambiswa kwemvura uye kufambisa mirwi—HSAW ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisisa.