Heerka A335 (ASTM A335/ASME S-A335) waa qeexitaan caalami ah oo loogu talagalay tuubooyinka birta birta ah ee aan kala go 'lahayn ee loo isticmaalo jawiga heerkulka sare iyo cadaadiska sare. Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha batroolka, korontada (korontada kuleylka/nukliyeerka), kuleyliyaha iyo sifeynta. Tuubooyinka birta ah ee hoos yimaada heerkan waxay leeyihiin xoog heerkul sare oo aad u fiican, iska caabin gurguurta iyo iska caabin daxalka, waxayna ku habboon yihiin xaaladaha shaqada ee aadka u daran.
Alaabada caadiga ah iyo halabuurka kiimikada ee heerka A335
Agabka A335 waxaa lagu kala saaraa lambarrada "P", darajooyin kala duwanna waxay ku habboon yihiin heerkul kala duwan iyo deegaanno daxalaysan:
| Fasal | Qaybaha kiimikada ee ugu muhiimsan | Astaamaha | Heerkulka la dabaqi karo |
| A335 P5 | Cr 4-6%, Mo 0.45-0.65% | U adkaysta daxalka baaruudka iyo gurguurta heerkulka dhexdhexaadka ah | ≤650°C |
| A335 P9 | Cr 8-10%, Mo 0.9-1.1% | Waxay leedahay iska caabin oksaydh heerkul sare leh iyo xoog sare | ≤650°C |
| A335 P11 | Cr 1.0-1.5%, Mo 0.44-0.65% | Alxan wanaagsan iyo xoog heerkul dhexdhexaad ah | ≤550°C |
| A335 P12 | Cr 0.8-1.25%, Mo 0.44-0.65% | Sida P11 oo kale, doorasho dhaqaale ahaan wanaagsan | ≤550°C |
| A335 P22 | Cr 2.0-2.5%, Mo 0.9-1.1% | Daxalka ka hortagga haydarojiin, oo si caadi ah loogu isticmaalo kuleyliyeyaasha saldhigga korontada | ≤600°C |
| A335 P91 | Cr 8-9.5%, Mo 0.85-1.05% | Xoog aad u sarreeya, oo la doorbiday cutubyada aadka u muhiimka ah | ≤650°C |
| A335 P92 | P91 + W | Iska caabin heerkul sare, oo ku habboon cutubyada aadka u-xun ee aadka u-xun | ≤700°C |
Xaaladaha isticmaalka tuubooyinka birta ah ee A335
1. Warshadaha Batroolka
A335 P5/P9: cutubyo dildilaac ah oo ka mid ah warshadaha sifeynta, dhuumaha ay ku jiraan sulfur heerkulka sare leh.
A335 P11/P12: beddelayaasha kulaylka, dhuumaha gudbinta uumiga heerkulka dhexdhexaadka ah.
2. Warshadaha korontada (korontada kulaylka/korontada nukliyeerka)
A335 P22: Dhuumaha uumiga ugu muhiimsan iyo madaxyada warshadaha korontada ee dhaqanka.
A335 P91/P92: Cutubyo Supercritical/ultra-precision ah, tuubooyin cadaadis sare leh oo awoodda nukliyeerka ah.
3. Kuleyliyaha iyo weelasha cadaadiska
A335 P91: Qaybaha heerkulka sare leh ee kuleyliyeyaasha casriga ah ee waxtarka sare leh.
A335 P92: Dhuumaha u adkaysta heerkulka sare ee kuleyliyaha cabbirrada sare leh.
Sidee loo doortaa agabka saxda ah ee A335? Shuruudaha heerkulka:
Shuruudaha heerkulka:
≤550°C: P11/P12
≤650°C: P5/P9/P22/P91
≤700°C: P92
Deegaanka daxalka leh:
Dhexdhexaad ay ku jirto sulfur → P5/P9
Deegaanka daxalka haydarojiin → P22/P91
Qiimaha iyo xoogga:
Doorasho dhaqaaleed → P11/P12
Shuruudaha xoogga sare → P91/P92
Heerarka caalamiga ah ee u dhigma tuubooyinka birta ah ee A335
| A335 | (SO) | (JIS) |
| P11 | 13CrMo4-5 | STPA23 |
| P22 | 10CrMo9-10 | STPA24 |
| P91 | X10CrMoVNb9-1 | STPA26 |
Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo
S1: Waa maxay faraqa u dhexeeya A335 P91 iyo P22?
P91: Ka kooban chromium iyo molybdenum oo sarreeya, iska caabin xoog leh oo gurguurta, oo ku habboon cutubyada aadka u muhiimka ah.
P22: Kharash yar, oo ku habboon kuleyliyeyaasha warshadaha korontada ee dhaqameed.
S2: Tuubada birta ah ee A335 ma u baahan tahay daaweyn kuleyl?
Daawaynta caadiga ah + heerkulka ayaa loo baahan yahay, P91/P92-na waxay sidoo kale u baahan tahay xakameyn adag oo ku saabsan heerka qaboojinta.
S3: A335 P92 ma ka fiican yahay P91?
P92 waxay leedahay iska caabin heerkul sare (≤700°C) sababtoo ah joogitaanka tungsten (W), laakiin kharashku sidoo kale waa ka sarreeyaa.
Tuubada birta ah ee aan lahayn dahaarka caadiga ah ee A335 waa walax muhiim ah oo heerkul sare iyo cadaadis sare leh. Agabyo kala duwan (sida P5, P9, P11, P22, P91, P92) ayaa ku habboon xaalado kala duwan. Marka la dooranayo, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si buuxda loo tixgeliyo heerkulka, miridhku, xoogga iyo arrimaha kharashka, oo la tixraaco heerarka caalamiga ah ee u dhigma (sida EN, JIS).
Waqtiga boostada: Juun-06-2025
