Kwimigaqo-nkqubo yemveliso, ngoJulayi ukusebenza kwesixeko sentsimbi kwakhokelela. Ukusukela nge-31 kaJulayi, ixabiso le-hot coil futures lidlule uphawu lwe-6,100 yuan/ton, ixabiso le-rebar futures lisondele kwi-5,800 yuan/ton, kwaye ixabiso le-coke futures lisondele kwi-3,000 yuan/ton. Iqhutywa yimarike ye-futures, imakethi yendawo ngokubanzi inyuke nayo. Thatha i-billet njengomzekelo, ixabiso le-billet eliqhelekileyo lifikelele kwi-5270 yuan/ton, elonyuke phantse yi-300 yuan/ton ngoJulayi. Ngokubanzi, ukunyuka kwakutshanje kwethoni ephambili yesixeko sentsimbi. Nangona kunjalo, ngomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwentsimbi kwakhona uqalise ukulungiswa, olu hlobo lokunyuka lunokubangela ukuba kubekho indawo enzulu.

Ngomhla wama-29 kuJulayi, iKhomishini yeRhafu yeBhunga leSizwe yabhengeza ukuba ukusukela nge-1 ka-Agasti, irhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle ye-ferrochrome kunye nentsimbi yehagu ecocekileyo kakhulu iya kunyuswa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye izinga lerhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle ye-40 ekhulwini kunye ne-20 ekhulwini iya kuphunyezwa ngokulandelelanayo, ngelixa isaphulelo serhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle yeentlobo ezingama-23 zeemveliso zentsimbi kuquka noololiwe siya kurhoxiswa. Ukubala uhlengahlengiso lwerhafu ngoMeyi kulo nyaka, emva kohlengahlengiso olubini, isaphulelo serhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle seemveliso zentsimbi ezili-169 "zero", ngokuyintloko sigubungela zonke iintlobo zokuthumela ngaphandle zentsimbi.

Ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, phantsi kwencopho yekhabhoni, injongo engathathi cala yekhabhoni, ukuphuma okukhulu kwentsimbi kukhokelele ekungangqinelani phakathi kobonelelo kunye nemfuno kwimarike yasekhaya, amaxabiso entsimbi anyuke kakhulu. Idatha ibonise ukuba kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka, iTshayina ithumele ngaphandle iitoni zentsimbi ezingama-37.382 ezigidi, ukunyuka nge-30.2% unyaka nonyaka. Uhlengahlengiso lomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwentsimbi, kwakhona lubonisa ilizwe ngokusebenzisa irhafu yokucinezela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukugqitywa kobonelelo lwasekhaya.

Enyanisweni, uhlengahlengiso lomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwentsimbi kaMeyi malunga nokufezekiswa kwamaxabiso aphezulu entsimbi "epholisayo". Umbhali ukholelwa ukuba olu jikelezo lohlengahlengiso lomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu emva kokufika, luya kudlala indima "yokupholisa" ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso entsimbi, aluyi kuthintela amathuba okuba amaxabiso aphezulu entsimbi ehle. Izizathu zezi zilandelayo:

Okokuqala, inzuzo yokuthunyelwa kwentsimbi ngaphandle iyancitshiswa, izixhobo zentsimbi ezingaphezulu ziya kubuyela umva. Izinto ezingama-23 zesaphulelo serhafu yokuthunyelwa ngaphandle zahlulwa njengezinto ezinexabiso eliphezulu kumgaqo-nkqubo werhafu. Olu hlengahlengiso luya kunciphisa ixabiso lezo mveliso, lukhuthaze ukuhamba kwezixhobo ukubuyela kwimarike yasekhaya.

Ukongeza, ngoJulayi amaxabiso entsimbi kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe anyuke kakhulu, kwaye amaxabiso entsimbi yasekhaya ngokubanzi anyuka, umsantsa wamaxabiso entsimbi yasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe unciphile. Ngeli xesha ukuze kurhoxiswe isaphulelo serhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle, inzuzo yokuthumela ngaphandle intsimbi yasekhaya iya kuba buthathaka ngakumbi, ukuze kuqwalaselwe inzuzo engaphezulu iya kuguqulwa ibe yintengiso yasekhaya. Oku kuya kuphucula ngempumelelo ukungqubana phakathi kokunikezelwa kunye nemfuno kwimarike yasekhaya kwaye kukhuthaze ukubuyiselwa kwamaxabiso entsimbi kuluhlu olufanelekileyo.

Okwesibini, olu hlengahlengiso lomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu lubonisa ukuba ilizwe alitshintshanga kwicala eliqhelekileyo lokuqinisekisa uzinzo lokubonelela kunye namaxabiso. Nangona imakethi yayilindeleke ukuba yonyuse umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle iimveliso ezifana ne-hot roll awuzange uphumelele, kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba kamva awuyi kuphumelela.

Kwixesha elide, ngokulungiswa komgaqo-nkqubo werhafu ukuze kuthintelwe ukuthunyelwa kwentsimbi ngaphandle, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwamaxabiso entsimbi yasekhaya kuye kwaba yinto ephambili ekugxilwe kuyo kumgaqo-nkqubo omkhulu. Kule meko, amaxabiso entsimbi kunzima ukuwaphinda kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka ngokukhawuleza. Kwixesha elifutshane, ukulungiswa komgaqo-nkqubo werhafu kuya kuba kwimarike "engenazinzo" isiphumo "sokupholisa" sokwakheka kwemali, ukusebenza kokuqikelela kwimarike okanye kuya kuhamba, amaxabiso entsimbi ayaqhubeka nokunyuka indawo encinci. Kwangaxeshanye, ukulungiswa akuzange kunyuse iirhafu zokuthunyelwa kwentsimbi ngaphandle, akuzange kuthintele ngokupheleleyo ucango lokuthunyelwa kwentsimbi ngaphandle, izixhobo zokuthunyelwa kwentsimbi ngaphandle ezixineneyo kwimarike yasekhaya ezibangele impembelelo enkulu ayizukuvela, impembelelo kubonelelo lwemarike yasekhaya kunye nepateni yemfuno iguquguquka ngakumbi.

Kwixesha elifutshane, imakethi iya kubonisa ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, amaxabiso entsimbi ekugqibeleni alungisa ubunzulu bobudlelwane phakathi kobonelelo kunye nemfuno kunye ne-iron ore kunye nokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso kwezinye izinto eziluhlaza.

Iindaba zeMetallurgical zaseTshayina (nge-3 ka-Agasti, 2021, iphepha lesi-7, uhlelo lwe-07)