Inkqubo yonyango lobushushu lombhobho wentsimbi ibandakanya ikakhulu ezi ndidi zi-5 zilandelayo:

1, ukucima + ukufudumala okuphezulu (okwaziwa ngokuba kukucima kunye nokufudumala)

Umbhobho wentsimbi ufudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu bokucima, ukuze isakhiwo sangaphakathi sombhobho wentsimbi siguqulwe sibe yi-austenite, size sipholiswe ngokukhawuleza kunesantya sokucima esibalulekileyo, ukuze isakhiwo sangaphakathi sombhobho wentsimbi siguqulwe sibe yi-martensite, size emva koko sithanjiswe ngobushushu obuphezulu, ekugqibeleni, isakhiwo sombhobho wentsimbi siguqulwe sibe yi-sopranite eqinisiweyo efanayo. Le nkqubo ayinakuphucula kuphela amandla kunye nobunzima bombhobho wentsimbi, kodwa ikwadibanisa ngokwasemzimbeni amandla, i-plasticity kunye nokuqina kombhobho wentsimbi.

2, ukwenza izinto zibe zezoqhelekileyo (ekwaziwa nangokuba zezoqhelekileyo)

Emva kokufudumeza umbhobho wentsimbi ukuya kutsho kubushushu obuqhelekileyo, ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lombhobho wentsimbi luguqulwa ngokupheleleyo lube lulwakhiwo lwe-austenite, emva koko inkqubo yonyango lobushushu ipholiswa ngomoya njengesixhobo. Emva kokulungiswa, izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zesinyithi zinokufunyanwa, ezifana ne-pearlite, i-bainite, i-martensite, okanye umxube wazo. Le nkqubo ayinakucoca kuphela iinkozo, ukwakheka okufanayo, isuse uxinzelelo, kodwa ikwaphucula ubulukhuni bombhobho wesinyithi kunye nokusebenza kwawo kokusika.

Ukulungisa + ukupholisa

Ityhubhu yentsimbi ifudunyezwa ukuya kutsho kubushushu obuqhelekileyo, ukuze isakhiwo sangaphakathi setyhubhu yentsimbi siguqulwe ngokupheleleyo sibe sisakhiwo se-austenite, size sipholiswe emoyeni, size sithanjiswe. Isakhiwo setyhubhu yentsimbi yi-ferrite ethambileyo + pearlite, okanye i-ferrite + bainite, okanye i-bainite ethambileyo, okanye i-martensite ethambileyo, okanye i-sortensite ethambileyo. Le nkqubo ingazinzisa isakhiwo sangaphakathi setyhubhu yentsimbi kwaye iphucule ubume bayo kunye nokuqina kwayo.

4, ukufakelwa

Yinkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu apho ityhubhu yentsimbi ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu bokutsalela kwaye igcinwe ixesha elithile, ize ipholiswe ukuya kubushushu obuthile ngesithando somlilo. Yehlisa ubulukhuni bombhobho wentsimbi, uphucule iplastiki yayo, ukuze kube lula ukusika okanye ukucocwa kombala okulandelayo; Coca iinkozo, ususe iziphene zesakhiwo se-microstructure, ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi kunye nokwakheka okufanayo, uphucule ukusebenza kombhobho wentsimbi okanye ulungiselele inkqubo elandelayo; Susa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lombhobho wentsimbi ukuze uthintele ukucocwa okanye ukuqhekeka.

5. Unyango lwesisombululo

Ityhubhu yentsimbi ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu besisombululo, ukuze iikhabhide kunye nezinto ezixutyiweyo zinyibilike ngokupheleleyo nangokulinganayo kwi-austenite, kwaye emva koko ityhubhu yentsimbi ipholiswe ngokukhawuleza, ukuze izinto zekhabhoni kunye nezinto ezixutyiweyo zingabi naxesha lokuzinza, kwaye inkqubo yonyango lobushushu yesakhiwo esinye se-austenite ifunyenwe. Umsebenzi wenkqubo: isakhiwo sangaphakathi esifanayo sepayipi yentsimbi, ukwakheka okufanayo kwepayipi yentsimbi; Susa ukuqina kwenkqubo yokucubungula ukuze kube lula ukucubungula emva kokuguqulwa kwengqele; Buyisela ukumelana nokugqwala kwentsimbi engagqwali.