Ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo yintsimbi engqukuva, isikwere, uxande enecandelo elingenamgongxo kwaye akukho zithungo zijikelezileyo.Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zenziwe ngeengots okanye iibhilithi eziqinileyo ezigqobhozelwe kwiityhubhu ze-capillary kwaye emva koko zishushu ziqengqiwe, ziqengqeleke kubanda okanye zitsalwa ngokubanda.

Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo onecandelo elinomgongxo, inani elikhulu lemibhobho esetyenziselwa ukuhambisa ulwelo, Ekugotyweni kunye namandla e-torsion ngaxeshanye,Ukuthelekisa umbhobho wentsimbi kunye nentsimbi engqukuva kunye nezinye ubunzima bombhobho wentsimbi.

Imveliso yetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo inembali ephantse ibe yi-100. Abazalwana baseJamani baseManismann baqala ukuqulunqa i-punch-rolling cross-rolling punch ngo-1885, emva koko baqulunqa umatshini wokuqengqeleka kombhobho ngo-1891, kunye ne-Swiss RCStiefel yaqulunqa umatshini wokugungxula umbhobho ozenzekelayo (owaziwa ngokuba ngumbhobho ophezulu wokuqengqeleka umatshini, kunye noomatshini abahlukahlukeneyo abaqengqelekayo 3, kunye noomatshini abahlukahlukeneyo abajikelezayo) umatshini wokutyhala umbhobho, waqala ukwenza ishishini letyhubhu yentsimbi yangoku engenamthungo.Ngeminyaka yoo-1930, umatshini wokusila wemibhobho emithathu wamkelwa.

I-Extrusion press kunye nexesha elibandayo lokusila liphucula iindidi kunye nomgangatho weetyhubhu zentsimbi.Ngeminyaka yee-1960, ngenxa yophuculo lombhobho wokusila oqhubekayo, ukuvela kwe-punch-roll punch, ngokukodwa ukuphumelela kokusetyenziswa komatshini wokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye ne-billet eqhubekayo yokuphosa, iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukukhuphisana kombhobho othungelwayo kwaye singenamthungo.

Kwiminyaka yoo-1970, umbhobho ongenamthungo kunye nombhobho odityanisiweyo ugcina isantya omnye komnye, kwaye imveliso yombhobho wentsimbi yehlabathi iyanda ngaphezu kwe-5% ngonyaka.Ukusukela ngo-1953, iChina incamathele ukubaluleka okukhulu kuphuhliso lweshishini lentsimbi engenamthungo, kwaye ekuqaleni yenze inkqubo yemveliso yokuqengqeleka imibhobho eyahlukeneyo emikhulu, ephakathi kunye nencinci. Ngokubanzi, umbhobho wokuqengqeleka kobhedu kunye nenkqubo yokuwela ubhedu. kunye nomzobo wekhoyili.

Isicelokunye nokuhlelwa kweetyhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo

Isicelo: ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo luhlobo lwentsimbi yecandelo loqoqosho, inesikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho lwelizwe, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwipetroleum, ishishini lemichiza, kwibhoyila, isikhululo samandla, inqanawa, ukwenziwa koomatshini, iimoto, inqwelomoya, i-aerospace, amandla, umhlaba, ulwakhiwo kunye namacandelo omkhosi.

Ukuhlelwa:

(1) Ngokwemilo yecandelo eyahlulahlulwe ibe: ityhubhu yecandelo lesetyhula, ityhubhu yecandelo elenziwe ngokukhethekileyo

(2) ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo: umbhobho wentsimbi yekhabhoni, umbhobho wentsimbi yealloyi, umbhobho wentsimbi, umbhobho odibeneyo

(3) Ngokwendlela yokudibanisa: umbhobho wokudibanisa odibeneyo, umbhobho we-welding

(4) Ngokwendlela yokuvelisa: ukuqengqeleka okushushu (i-extrusion, phezulu, ukwandiswa) umbhobho, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo (ukutsala) umbhobho.

(5) Ngokusetyenziswa: umbhobho webhoyila, umbhobho we-oyile wequla, umbhobho wombhobho, umbhobho wolwakhiwo, umbhobho wesichumiso.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo

Inkqubo ephambili yemveliso yetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eshushu (inkqubo yokuhlola engundoqo):

Ukulungiswa kunye nokuhlolwa kwebhilethi yombhobho → ukufudumeza ibhilithi yombhobho → ukugqobhoza → umbhobho oqengqelekayo → ukufudumeza umbhobho ongenanto → ukulungisa (ukunciphisa) ububanzi → unyango lobushushu → ukulungiswa kombhobho ogqityiweyo → ukugqiba → ukuhlola (okungonakalisiyo, okubonakalayo kunye nemichiza, ukuhlolwa kwesikhululo) → ukugcina

(2) Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo (umzobo) inkqubo yokuvelisa umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo

Ukulungiswa kwebhilethi → ukukha kunye nokuthambisa → ukuqengqeleka okubandayo (umzobo) → unyango lobushushu → ukulungisa → ukugqiba → ukuhlola

Itshathi yenkqubo yokuvelisa yetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eshushu iqengqeleke ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: