Kuninzi kangakaumbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungoizityalo eTshayina, ukuba ubunokukhetha abameli abambalwa kuphela, ngubani obeya kuba ngowokuqala ukufika engqondweni?

Namhlanje, siza kuxoxa ngazo nganye nganye, ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi.

Masiqale nge-Northeast China. I-Ansteel Seamless Steel Pipe Plant, eyaqala ukusebenza ngo-1953, yayiliziko lokuqala leepayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo eNew China, elaziwa kwishishini njenge-"cradle".

Inomthamo wemveliso weetoni ezingama-500,000 ngonyaka, kunye neenkcukacha eziqala kwi-Φ60-180mm, ikakhulu ivelisa imibhobho yemithombo yeoyile, imibhobho yepayipi, kunye neetyhubhu zebhoyila.

I-Ansteel iphawulwa ngesiseko sayo esomeleleyo kunye netekhnoloji ezinzileyo, kwaye ibisoloko inedumela elihle kwicandelo lokucubungula iikhemikhali kunye noomatshini.

Okulandelayo, makhe sijonge uMntla China. I-Tianjin Steel Pipe, eyaziwa kwishishini njenge-"TPCO" (iGreat Seamless), inomthamo wokuvelisa ngonyaka weetoni ezizizigidi ezi-3.5, apho ngaphezulu kweetoni ezizizigidi ezi-1.5 ziyimibhobho yeoyile, nto leyo eyibeka phakathi kweyona nqanaba liphezulu lomthamo wokuvelisa isityalo esinye kwihlabathi liphela.

Ikhokela kakhulu kwiimveliso zasekhaya ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifana neepayipi zemibhobho yolwandle olujulileyo, iipayipi zemithombo yeoyile ezinzulu kakhulu, kunye neepayipi zemithombo yeoyile ezinganyangekiyo ngumhlwa.

Ngamafutshane: I-Tianjin Steel Pipe lukhetho lokuqala kwiiprojekthi zolwandle olunzulu kunye nolwemithombo enzulu kazwelonke.

Iqela leBaogang, elikwakumantla eTshayina, lisebenzisa izixhobo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zaseBaotou ukuze libe neengenelo ezikhethekileyo kwiipayipi ezikhethekileyo ezimelana nokugqwala kunye nezimelana nobushushu obuphantsi.

Umthamo wayo wonyaka wemveliso udlula i-1.2 yezigidi zeetoni, kunye neenkcukacha eziqala kwi-Φ38-457mm. Ngo-2025, umbhobho wayo wolwakhiwo onamandla aphezulu kakhulu we-690 MPa ophuhliswe ngokuzimeleyo wawusele uvelisa kwaye ufumaneka ngobuninzi.

I-Baogang iqhubele phambili ngokukhawuleza kwimibhobho yesakhiwo esikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nemibhobho yeoyile kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye ifumene nesatifikethi se-API.

EMpuma China, imveliso yemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo yeShandong Luli Group idlule kwiitoni ezizigidi ezi-3.37 ngo-2023, ibekwe kwindawo yokuqala kweli lizwe ngokwemveliso kunye nomthamo wokuthengisa.

Uhlobo lwayo oluncedisayo, 'iPanjin Steel Pipe,' lunemigca emithandathu ephucukileyo yokuqengqeleka eshushu enomthamo ocwangcisiweyo weetoni ezizigidi ezi-6.

Iimpawu zeLuli zibukhulu obukhulu bebhetshi, iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu.

KwiCentral China, iHenan Fengbao Pipe Industry ityale i-1.2 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi zeerandi kwiprojekthi enkulu, enobukhulu obuphezulu, apho umthamo wayo wokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo eshushu uza kudlula iitoni ezi-2 zezigidi kungekudala.

IFengbao izalise umsantsa kumthamo wayo omkhulu wokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo, kwaye amandla ayo okucubungula anzulu aza kubalelwa ngaphezulu kwama-60% emveliso yayo iyonke.

Injongo kukwakha isiseko esikumgangatho ophezulu semibhobho yeoyile, imibhobho yesakhiwo, kunye nemibhobho yebhoyila enoxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphakathi.

Kwakhona kuMbindi weTshayina, iHubei Daye Special Steel, eyasekwa ngo-1890, yaziwa ngokuba "yimvelaphi yokwenza intsimbi yaseTshayina yanamhlanje."

Inomthamo wemveliso wesigidi seetoni zeepayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezinobukhulu obuphakathi nobukhulu, kunye neenkcukacha eziqala kwi-Φ51-534mm kunye nobukhulu bodonga ukusuka kwi-5-130mm.

Zilawula imarike yeepayipi zoomatshini bobunjineli kunye neetyhubhu zebhoyila ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Kwiiprojekthi ezineemfuno zobugcisa eziphezulu, zikhetho olufanelekileyo.

Sithethe ngeenkampani ezininzi ezimeleyo ezivela eMntla-mpuma, eMntla, eMpuma, naseMbindini weTshayina. Kwinxalenye elandelayo, siza kuqhubeka sisiya emazantsi ukuze sithethe ngeBaosteel kunye nezityalo eziphambili phantsi kweCITIC Pacific eMpuma yeTshayina, kunye neenkampani ezininzi ezisebenza kakuhle ekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe. Khumbula ukusilandela.

Sithethe ngabavelisi abaninzi abakhulu kwimimandla esemantla nephakathi. Ngeli xesha, sifudukela eMpuma China nakumazantsi. Enye inkampani eqhelene nayo yiBaosteel, eseShanghai.

IMpuma yeTshayina: I-Baosteel, "iNqanaba lesiThathu" leeMveliso ezinde ezikumgangatho ophezulu

Masiqale ngeBaosteel. Ifumaneka eShanghai, yindawo enamandla ekudala ikho kushishino lwethu. Isixhobo sayo sokuqengqeleka esiqhubekayo esineeyunithi ezili-140 sinemveliso enkulu kakhulu emhlabeni yeepayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo.

Iipayipi ezikumgangatho wamandla zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimeko zokusebenza ezinzima ezifana nolwandle olunzulu kunye neendawo zomhlaba onzulu, kwaye iipayipi zayo zemithombo yeoyile ezimelana nokugqwala ze-13Cr zingene kwiimarike zaphesheya.

Ngowama-2025, iBaosteel ityale imali eyi-4.96 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ukwakha isiseko sombhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo esikumgangatho ophezulu, nto leyo ephakamisa iimveliso ezinde ezikumgangatho ophezulu zibe yimveliso yayo yesithathu ngobukhulu.

I-Baosteel iphawuleka ngezakhono zobuchwepheshe ezomeleleyo, uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemveliso ephezulu, kunye notyalo-mali oluphezulu lwe-R&D ngaphakathi kwishishini.

Masithethe ngeCITIC Pacific Special Steel. Ayisiyomzi-mveliso mnye, kodwa liqela elineentloko eJiangyin, eJiangsu.

Ineziseko ezintlanu eziphambili zemveliso: iXingcheng Special Steel, iDaye Special Steel, iQingdao Special Steel, iTianjin Steel Pipe, kunye neJingjiang Special Steel.

Ngexesha leSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu se-14, i-CITIC Special Steel idibanise izixhobo zemibhobho yentsimbi yeziseko zayo ezahlukeneyo, yonyusa amandla ayo okuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo ukuya kwiitoni ezi-5 ezigidi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe ngumvelisi omkhulu wemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo emhlabeni.

Ngamafutshane: ibandakanya isiqingatha sempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle yemibhobho yentsimbi eTshayina.

Phakathi kwenkampani eziphantsi kweCITIC Special Steel, iJiangyin Xingcheng Special Steel sisiseko sayo esiphambili, esinomthamo wonyaka wemveliso yeetoni ezizizigidi ezi-6.9 zesinyithi esikhethekileyo.

Iimveliso zikaXingcheng azipheleli nje kwimibhobho yentsimbi, kodwa zikwavelisa intsimbi ethwala iibheringi, intsimbi yeemoto, kunye nentsimbi yamandla." Isikhundla sikaXingcheng sokukhokela kwihlabathi liphela kweli candelo sibeka umlinganiselo kulo lonke ishishini lentsimbi ekhethekileyo.

Uphuhliso oluninzi lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso lweenkqubo kwimibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo zixhomekeke kakhulu kwinkxaso yezinto ezibonakalayo ezibonelelwa ziinkampani eziphambili zentsimbi ezifana neXingcheng.

Ngaphezu koko, iZhejiang Jiuli Special Materials yintshatsheli efihlakeleyo kwicandelo leepayipi ezingenamthungo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo.

Igxile kwiipayipi ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-304, 316L, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ephindwe kabini, kunye nee-alloys ezimelana nokugqwala nezinobushushu obuphezulu, kunye neenkcukacha eziqala kwi-Φ6-219mm kunye nobukhulu bodonga ukusuka kwi-0.5-18mm, kunye nomthamo wemveliso omalunga neetoni ezingama-40,000.

Iimveliso zayo zisetyenziswa kumandla enyukliya, iikhemikhali zepetroli, amandla amatsha, kunye nobunjineli baselwandle, kunye nenzuzo epheleleyo edlula i-34%.

Xa kufikwa kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo kunye nemibhobho ekhethekileyo ye-alloy, iJiuli ligama elingenakuphepheka.

Emazantsi, iHunan Hengyang Hualing Steel Pipe, eyasekwa ngo-1958... IJianchang lishishini leepayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo elinobungcali elichaphazela ihlabathi liphela.

Iinkcukacha zemveliso ziqala kwi-32-762mm ububanzi, kwaye inokuvelisa iityhubhu eziziingxande nezisikwere.

Ngowama-2025, iza kusebenzisana noDanieli ukwakha umgca wemveliso oshushu oqhubekekayo omkhulu kakhulu emhlabeni, oyilwe ngobubanzi bombhobho obuphezulu obuzii-intshi ezingama-Φ24.

Olona didi lwentsimbi luphezulu kwiipayipi zeoyile negesi yiHS155V, kwiipayipi zomgca ifikelela kwi-X100Q, kwaye kwiipayipi zesitya soxinzelelo inokumelana namaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-600℃.

Ngamafutshane: amandla amakhulu kwimveliso yasekhaya ephezulu.

Okokugqibela, xa sijonga eMzantsi-ntshona weTshayina, iPanzhihua Iron & Steel Group iChengdu Steel & Vanadium. Ngomthamo wonyaka wemveliso weetoni ezizizigidi ezi-2.12, iimveliso zayo zigubungela imibhobho yeoyile, iityhubhu zebhoyila, njl.njl., kwaye inesiqinisekiso se-API kunye neelayisenisi zokuvelisa izixhobo zokhuseleko lwenyukliya.

Iinkcukacha: Φ6-720mm, ubukhulu bodonga obuyi-0.5-45mm imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo ibe negalelo elikhulu kumashishini afana nokhuselo lwesizwe, inqwelo-moya, amandla enyukliya, kunye neebhoyila.

IPangang (iQela lePangang) ngumvelisi wemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo eMzantsi-ntshona weTshayina oneenkcukacha ezipheleleyo zemveliso.

Kakade ke, zininzi ezinye iinkampani ezingakhankanywanga, ezifana neJingjiang Special Steel, Qingdao Special Steel, Zhejiang Taifu, kunye neDalipu, Molong, Chengde, Longchuan, Jianlong, Huarun, Changjiang, njl. Bakwanegalelo elikhulu kwaye lithule kakhulu kulwakhiwo lwamandla, iziseko zophuhliso, kunye noshishino lokuthumela ngaphandle kwelizwe. Siyabancoma kakhulu.

Iqela lethu belisebenza kwishishini leepayipi zentsimbi kangangeminyaka engama-20 kwaye linentsebenziswano yexesha elide nezi matshini zentsimbi. Nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwepayipi yentsimbi olufunayo, siza kukunceda ufumane umthengisi ofanelekileyo. Ulawula ukufakwa kweeodolo, kwaye thina siza kujongana nokudityaniswa kwazo.