1. Intshayelelo emfutshane yombhobho wolwakhiwo

Umbhobho ongenamthungo wesakhiwo (GB/T8162-2008) usetyenziselwa isakhiwo ngokubanzi kunye nesakhiwo soomatshini sombhobho ongenamthungo. Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo wahlulwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa.

Umbhobho ongenamthungo wentsimbi engagqwaliyo wesakhiwo (GB/T14975-2002) ngumbhobho ongenamthungo oqengqelekayo oshushu (okhutshiweyo, owandisiweyo) kunye notsalwa ngokubandayo (oqengqelekayo) owenziwe ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo esetyenziswa kwiikhemikhali, ipetroliyam, ilaphu, ezonyango, ukutya, oomatshini kunye namanye amashishini, imibhobho engagqwaliyo kunye neendawo zesakhiwo kunye nezinto.

I-GB/T8162-2008 (umbhobho ongenamthungo wesakhiwo) isetyenziselwa kakhulu isakhiwo ngokubanzi kunye nesakhiwo soomatshini. Izinto zayo ezimeleyo (uphawu): intsimbi yekhabhoni 20, intsimbi engama-45, i-Q235, intsimbi ye-alloy Q345, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, 42CrMo njalo njalo.

Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo

Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa yahlukile, yahlulwe yaba yityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eshushu (ekhutshiweyo) kunye netyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ebandayo (ekhutshiweyo) engenanto. Umbhobho okhutshiweyo (okhutshiweyo) wahlulwe waba yityhubhu ejikelezayo kunye nombhobho omilo ekhethekileyo iintlobo ezimbini.

A. Isishwankathelo sokuhamba kwenkqubo

Ukuqengqeleka okushushu (ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ekhutshiweyo): ityhubhu ejikelezileyo ibhilethi → ukufudumeza → ukugqobhoza → ukuqengqeleka okunqamlezileyo okuneemiqolo ezintathu, ukuqengqeleka okuqhubekayo okanye ukukhupha ityhubhu → ubungakanani (okanye ukunciphisa) → ukupholisa → ityhubhu engenanto → ukulula → uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi (okanye ukufunyanwa kweziphene) → uphawu → indawo yokugcina.

Ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo edwetshwe ngombala obandayo (eqengqelekayo): ityhubhu ejikelezileyo ibhilethi → ukufudumeza → ukugqobhoza → isihloko → ukuqhoboshela → ukuqhoboshela → ukutshiza ioyile (ubhedu olufakelweyo) → umzobo obandayo odlula ngeendlela ezininzi (uqengqeleka olubandayo) → ityhubhu engenanto → unyango lobushushu → ukucokisa → uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi (ukufumanisa iziphene) → uphawu → indawo yokugcina.

2. Imigangatho

1, GB: ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo yesakhiwo: GB8162-2008 2, ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo yokuhambisa ulwelo: GB8163-2008 3, ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo yebhoyila: GB3087-2008 4, ityhubhu engenamthungo yebhoyila enoxinzelelo oluphezulu: 5, izixhobo zesichumiso sekhemikhali sepayipi yentsimbi engenamthungo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu: GB6479-2000 6, ukubhola ngokwejoloji kwepayipi yentsimbi engenamthungo: YB235-70 7, ukubhola ioyile yepayipi yentsimbi engenamthungo: YB528-65 8, umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo oqhekekayo wepetroliyam:10. Umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo we-semi-shaft yemoto: GB3088-1999 11. Umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo wenqanawa: GB5312-1999 12.13, zonke iintlobo zetyhubhu ye-alloy 16Mn, 27SiMn, 15CrMo, 35CrMo, 12CrMov, 20G, 40Cr, 12Cr1MoV, 15CrMo

Ukongeza, kukwakho ne-GB/T17396-2009 (ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ejijekileyo eshushu yepropu ye-hydraulic), i-GB3093-1986 (ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ephezulu yenjini yedizili), i-GB/T3639-1983 (ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ejijekileyo ebanda okanye ebandayo), i-GB/T3094-1986 (iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ejijekileyo ebanda, iityhubhu zentsimbi ezinemilo ekhethekileyo), i-GB/T8713-1988 (iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ezinobubanzi obuchanekileyo bangaphakathi beesilinda ze-hydraulic kunye ne-pneumatic), i-GB13296-1991 (iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ezingenamthungo zeebhoyila kunye nezitshintshi zobushushu), i-GB/T14975-1994 (iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ezingenamthungo ezisetyenziselwa ulwakhiwo), i-GB/T14976-1994 (iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ezingenamthungo ezinobubanzi obuchanekileyo bangaphakathi beesilinda ze-hydraulic kunye ne-pneumatic) iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ezingenamthungo zokuthutha ulwelo i-GB/T5035-1993 (iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo zeemoto i-axle bushing), i-API SPEC5CT-1999 (iinkcukacha ze-casing kunye ne-tubing), njl.

2, umgangatho waseMelika: ASTM A53 — ASME SA53 — Ikhowudi yebhoyila kunye neVessel yoxinzelelo iklasi ephambili yemveliso okanye udidi lwentsimbi: A53A, A53B, SA53A, SA53B

Ifomula yobunzima betyhubhu engenamthungo: [(ububanzi bangaphandle - ubukhulu bodonga)* ubukhulu bodonga]*0.02466=kg/ m (ubunzima ngemitha)