Ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo liyinsimbi eyindilinga, eyisikwele, engunxande enengxenye engenalutho futhi engenazo izimbobo ezizungezile. Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo enziwe ngama-ingot noma ama-billet aqinile abhobozwe abe amashubhu e-capillary bese egoqwa ngokushisa, agoqwe ngokushisa noma adonswe ngokushisa.

Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elinengxenye engenalutho, inani elikhulu lamapayipi asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa uketshezi, Ngamandla okugoba kanye nokugoba ngesikhathi esifanayo, Ukuqhathanisa ipayipi lensimbi nensimbi eyindilinga kanye nenye insimbi eqinile. Isisindo sepayipi lensimbi silula, uhlobo lwengxenye yensimbi engabizi, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye zesakhiwo nezingxenye zemishini, njengokugaya insimbi nge-oyili.

Ukukhiqizwa kwamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo kunomlando weminyaka ecishe ibe yi-100. Abafowethu baseJalimane baseManismann baqala ukusungula umshini wokugoqa onama-roll amabili ngo-1885, base besungula umshini wokugoqa amapayipi okwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngo-1891, kwathi iSwiss RCStiefel yasungula umshini wokugoqa amapayipi ozenzakalelayo (owaziwa nangokuthi umshini wokugoqa amapayipi aphezulu) ngo-1903, kwathi imishini eyahlukahlukene yokwandisa, njengomshini wokugoqa amapayipi oqhubekayo kanye nomshini wokusunduza amapayipi, yaqala ukwakha imboni yesimanje yamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo. Ngawo-1930, kwasetshenziswa umshini wokugaya amapayipi onama-roll amathathu.

Umshini wokucindezela i-extrusion kanye nomshini wokugoqa obandayo ovamile kuthuthukisa ukuhlukahluka kanye nekhwalithi yamashubhu ensimbi. Ngawo-1960, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa komshini wokugoqa oqhubekayo, ukuvela komshini wokubhoboza onama-three-roll, ikakhulukazi impumelelo yokusetshenziswa komshini wokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kanye ne-billet yokuphonsa eqhubekayo, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi kwathuthukisa ukuncintisana kwepayipi elingenamthungo kanye nepayipi elihlanganisiwe.

Ngawo-1970, ipayipi elingenamthungo kanye nepayipi elihlanganisiwe kuyahambisana, futhi umkhiqizo wepayipi lensimbi emhlabeni wonke uyanda ngaphezu kuka-5% ngonyaka. Kusukela ngo-1953, iShayina inamathele kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo, futhi ekuqaleni yakhe uhlelo lokukhiqiza lokugoqa amapayipi ahlukahlukene amakhulu, aphakathi namancane. Ngokuvamile, ipayipi lethusi liphinde lisebenzise inqubo yokugoqa nokubhoboza i-billet, ukugoqa ipayipi kanye nokudweba nge-coil.

Isicelokanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo

Isicelo: I-Seamless steel tube uhlobo lwensimbi yesigaba sezomnotho, inesikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni wezwe, esetshenziswa kabanzi embonini kaphethiloli, embonini yamakhemikhali, kubhayela, esiteshini sikagesi, emikhunjini, ekukhiqizeni imishini, emotweni, ezindizeni, ezindiza, ezindiza, emandleni, ekujuleni komhlaba, kwezokwakha kanye nasemasosheni.

Ukuhlukaniswa:

(1) Ngokuya ngesimo sesigaba esihlukaniswe: ipayipi lesigaba esiyindilinga, ipayipi lesigaba elinomumo okhethekile

(2) ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo: ipayipi lensimbi yekhabhoni, ipayipi lensimbi ye-alloy, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali, ipayipi elihlanganisiwe

(3) Ngokusho kwemodi yokuxhuma: ipayipi lokuxhuma elinezintambo, ipayipi lokushisela

(4) Ngokusho kwemodi yokukhiqiza: ipayipi lokugoqa elishisayo (i-extrusion, i-top, i-expansion), ipayipi lokugoqa elibandayo (i-pull)

(5) Ngokusetshenziswa: ipayipi lebhoyila, ipayipi lomthombo kawoyela, ipayipi lepayipi, ipayipi lesakhiwo, ipayipi lomanyolo.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ishubhu yensimbi engenamthungo

Inqubo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza yeshubhu yensimbi engenamthungo eshisayo (inqubo yokuhlola eyinhloko):

Ukulungiswa nokuhlolwa kwe-billet yepayipi → Ukushisa kwe-billet yepayipi → Ukubhoboza → Ipayipi eligoqayo → Ukushisa kabusha ipayipi elingenalutho → Ukulungisa (ukunciphisa) ububanzi → Ukwelashwa ngokushisa → Ukuqondisa ipayipi eliqediwe → Ukuqeda → Ukuhlola (okungonakalisi, okungokoqobo kanye nokwamakhemikhali, ukuhlolwa kwesiteshi) → Ukugcina impahla

(2) Inqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqekayo (elidwetshwayo) elingenamthungo

Ukulungiswa kwe-billet → ukukhahlela nokuthambisa → ukugoqa okubandayo (ukudweba) → ukwelashwa ngokushisa → ukuqondisa → ukuqeda → ukuhlolwa

Ishadi lokugeleza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza leshubhu yensimbi engenamthungo eshisayo lingokulandelayo: