Isingeniso: Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ayizingxenye ezibalulekile embonini yamabhoyila, ahlinzeka ngezixazululo zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokucindezela kwezicelo ezahlukahlukene. Lawa mapayipi ahambisana nezindinganiso eziqinile ezibekwe yi-ASTM A335, ezinamazinga afana nalawaP5, P9, kanye ne-P11, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukuqina, kanye nokuthembeka ekusebenzeni kwebhoyila.

Izindinganiso ze-ASTM A335: I-ASTM A335 iyincazelo ehlanganisa ipayipi lensimbi ye-ferritic alloy-steel elingenamthungo ukuze lisetshenziswe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Iyaziwa kabanzi futhi yamukelwa embonini yamabhoyila ngenxa yezidingo zayo eziqinile zezakhiwo zemishini, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola. Lezi zindinganiso zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwamapayipi ensimbi yensimbi ye-alloy asetshenziswa kuibhoyila enomfutho ophezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezuluizinhlelo.

Izinto Zokusebenza Namazinga: Amapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe atholakala ngamamaki ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-P5, i-P9, kanye ne-P11, ngalinye lenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zokushisa kanye nengcindezi. I-P5 inikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala, okwenza ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuya kweliphezulu. I-P9 yaziwa ngamandla ayo akhethekile kanye nokuqina, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu amabhoyila. I-P11 inamandla akhulayo okudonswa kanye nokumelana kwezinga lokushisa, okwenza ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphakeme nakakhulu.

Izinzuzo: Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo anezinzuzo eziningana ezenza abe ukukhetha okuthandwayo embonini yamabhoyila. Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, ukwakhiwa kwawo okungenamthungo kususa ingozi yokuvuza, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwebhoyila okuphephile nokuphumelelayo. Izinto ezihlanganisayo kula mapayipi zithuthukisa ukumelana kwawo ne-oxidation kanye nokukhula, zigcina ubuqotho besakhiwo sawo ngisho nasezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Amandla amapayipi okubekezelela ukucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngaphandle kokuguquka noma ukwehluleka kunegalelo empilweni yawo ende yenkonzo kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa eziphansi.

Izicelo: Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo, ahlanganaIzindinganiso ze-ASTM A335, kusetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamabhoyila. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni zokuphehla ugesi, lapho zisebenza khona njengezingxenye ezibalulekile zama-superheater, ama-reheater, kanye nama-waterwall. Imboni kawoyela negesi iphinde ithembele kula mapayipi kumapayipi omusi kanye namayunithi okucubungula amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhluza kanye nezitshalo ze-petrochemical ukuze kusetshenziswe izinhlelo ezidinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana nengcindezi.

Isiphetho: Ekuphetheni, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ahambisana ne-Izindinganiso ze-ASTM A335futhi equkethe amazinga P5, P9, kanye ne-P11 ahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezibalulekile embonini yamabhoyila. Ngezakhiwo zawo eziyingqayizivele, la mapayipi aqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamabhoyila okuphephile nokuthembekile, okwenza abe ukukhetha okuthandwayo kokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwawo kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezimboni kufakazela ukuthembeka kwawo, ukuqina, kanye nekhono lokubekezelela izimo ezimbi kakhulu, okwenza abe yingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zamabhoyila zanamuhla.