1. Isingeniso esifushane sepayipi lesakhiwo

Ipayipi elingenamthungo lesakhiwo (GB/T8162-2008) lisetshenziselwa isakhiwo esijwayelekile kanye nesakhiwo somshini sepayipi elingenamthungo. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa.

Ipayipi elingenamthungo lensimbi engagqwali lesakhiwo (GB/T14975-2002) lipayipi elingenamthungo eligoqwa ngokushisa (elikhishwe, elinwetshiwe) kanye nelidonswa ngokubandayo (eligoqwayo) elenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali elisetshenziswa ezimbonini zamakhemikhali, uphethiloli, izindwangu, ezokwelapha, ukudla, imishini kanye nezinye izimboni, amapayipi amelana nokugqwala kanye nezingxenye zesakhiwo kanye nezingxenye.

I-GB/T8162-2008 (ipayipi elingenamthungo lesakhiwo) isetshenziswa kakhulu kwisakhiwo esijwayelekile kanye nesakhiwo semishini. Izinto zayo ezimele (uphawu): insimbi yekhabhoni engu-20, insimbi engu-45, i-Q235, insimbi ye-alloy engu-Q345, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, 42CrMo njalo njalo.

Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo

Ngenxa yokuthi inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza ihlukile, ihlukaniswe yaba yipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elishisayo (elikhishwe ngaphandle) kanye nepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elibandayo (eligoqiwe) elinomthungo. Ipayipi elidonswayo elibandayo (eligoqiwe) lihlukaniswe laba yipayipi eliyindilinga kanye nepayipi elinomumo okhethekile izinhlobo ezimbili.

A. Isifinyezo sokugeleza kwenqubo

Ukugoqa okushisayo (ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo elikhishwe ngaphandle): ishubhu eliyindilinga i-billet → ukushisa → ukubhoboza → ukugoqa okunemiphetho emithathu, ukugoqa okuqhubekayo noma ukukhishwa kweshubhu → ukukhumula ishubhu → usayizi (noma ukunciphisa) → ukupholisa → ishubhu elingenalutho → ukuqondisa → ukuhlolwa komfutho wamanzi (noma ukutholwa kwesici) → ukumaka → isitoreji.

Ishubhu yensimbi engenamthungo yokudweba okubandayo (ukugoqa): ishubhu eliyindilinga i-billet → ukushisa → ukubhoboza → isihloko → ukunamathisela → ukukhahlela → ukugcoba amafutha (ukugoqa kwethusi) → ukudweba okubandayo okudlula izikhathi eziningi (ukugoqa okubandayo) → ishubhu elingenalutho → ukwelashwa kokushisa → ukuqondisa → ukuhlolwa komfutho wamanzi (ukutholwa kwamaphutha) → ukumaka → isitoreji.

2. Amazinga

1, GB: ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo lesakhiwo: GB8162-2008 2, ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo lokuhambisa uketshezi: GB8163-2008 3, ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo lebhoyila: GB3087-2008 4, ishubhu elingenamthungo lebhoyila: 5, imishini yomanyolo wamakhemikhali wepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elinomfutho ophezulu: GB6479-2000 6, ukubhoboza ngokwejiyoloji kwepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo: YB235-70 7, ukubhoboza uwoyela wepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo: YB528-65 8, ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo eliqhekeka ngophethiloli: 10. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo le-semi-shaft yemoto: GB3088-1999 11. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lemikhumbi: GB5312-1999 12.13, zonke izinhlobo ze-alloy tube 16Mn, 27SiMn, 15CrMo, 35CrMo, 12CrMov, 20G, 40Cr, 12Cr1MoV, 15CrMo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ne-GB/T17396-2009 (ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqwe ngokushisa le-hydraulic prop), i-GB3093-1986 (ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo elinomfutho ophezulu lenjini yedizili), i-GB/T3639-1983 (ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqwe ngobandayo noma eligoqwe ngobandayo), i-GB/T3094-1986 (amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo agoqwe ngobandayo, amashubhu ensimbi anomumo okhethekile), i-GB/T8713-1988 (amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo anobubanzi bangaphakathi obuqondile bamasilinda e-hydraulic kanye ne-pneumatic), i-GB13296-1991 (amashubhu ensimbi engenamthungo angenamathungo ama-boiler kanye nama-heat exchanger), i-GB/T14975-1994 (amashubhu ensimbi engenamthungo angenamthungo okusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo), i-GB/T14976-1994 (amashubhu ensimbi engenamthungo angenamthungo anobubanzi bangaphakathi obuqondile bamasilinda e-hydraulic kanye ne-pneumatic) Amashubhu ensimbi engenamthungo angenamthungo okuthutha uketshezi i-GB/T5035-1993 (amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo ezimoto i-axle bushing), i-API SPEC5CT-1999 (imininingwane yekheyisi kanye nepayipi), njll.

2, indinganiso yaseMelika: ASTM A53 — ASME SA53 — Ikhodi yebhoyila kanye nekhodi yomshini wokucindezela ibanga lokukhiqiza eliyinhloko noma isigaba sensimbi: A53A, A53B, SA53A, SA53B

Ifomula yesisindo seshubhu engenamthungo: [(ububanzi bangaphandle - ubukhulu bodonga)* ubukhulu bodonga]*0.02466=kg/ m (isisindo ngemitha)