Amapayipi ashiselwezihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngezigaba ezintathu ngokusekelwe ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza kanye namaphethini okushisela: i-ERW (amapayipi ashiselwe ngokumelana), i-LSAW (amapayipi ashiselwe nge-arc angaphansi komhlaba acwebezelwe ngomthungo ophansi), kanye ne-HSAW/SSAW (amapayipi ashiselwe nge-arc angaphansi komhlaba acwebezelwe ngomthungo).

Izinqubo zabo zokukhiqiza kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa ngayinye inemigomo ehlukile. Ngamafuphi: I-ERW yenzelwe ikakhulukazi ububanzi obuncane nobuphakathi, igcizelela ukusebenza kahle kanye nokunemba; I-LSAWiphumelela kakhulu kumadayamitha amakhulu kanye nezicelo zokucindezela okuphezulu, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kumaphrojekthi anobungozi obukhulu; kuyilapho i-HSAW ingakhiqiza amadayamitha amakhulu kakhulu isebenzisa izinto ezincane, okunikeza ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko.

Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezinhlobo Ezintathu Eziyinhloko Zamapayipi Ashiselwe Ezimbonini

Okokuqala, ngihlanganise umehluko wabo oyinhloko etafuleni lesifinyezo ukuze ngibhekisele kuwo ngokushesha:

Ubukhulu Bokuqhathanisa	I-ERW(Ukushisela Ukumelana Nogesi)	I-LSAW(Ukushisela kwe-Arc Engaphansi Komphetho Ohlala Isikhathi Eside)	I-HSAW(Ukushisela i-Arc Ecmerged Arc) / SSAW
isimo sokushisela	Umthungo oqondile oqondile, ohambisana nomzimba weshubhu	Umthungo oqondile oqondile, ohambisana nomzimba weshubhu	Umthungo wokushisela ojikelezayo, ozungeza umzimba weshubhu
impahla eluhlaza	Ikhoyili yensimbi egoqwe ngokushisa	Ipuleti elilodwa elijiyile	Amakhoyili ensimbi aguqiwe ashisayo noma insimbi encane enomcubu
Ububanzi Obusebenzayo	Okuncane kuya kokuphakathi (ngokuvamile≤610 mm)	Okuphakathi kuya kokukhulu (ngokuvamile okungu-406 mm–1500 mm)	Okukhulu kuya kokukhulu kakhulu (ngokuvamile okungu-219 mm–3660 mm)
Indlela Yokushisela	Ukumelana nemvamisa ephezuluukushisela, ngaphandle kocingo lokushisela	Ukushisela i-arc engaphansi kwamanzi okunezinhlangothi ezimbili, kusetshenziswa ucingo lokushisela kanye ne-flux	Ukushisela i-arc engaphansi kwamanzi okunezinhlangothi ezimbili, kusetshenziswa ucingo lokushisela kanye ne-flux
ukufaneleka	Ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi, kanye nokunemba okuphezulu	I-weld ibonisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okushisa okuphansi.	Izinto ezicucuzwe ngomcu omncane zingasetshenziswaukukhiqiza amashubhu amakhulu anezimali ezincane kakhulu zemishini kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
ukushiyeka	Kuphela okwazi ukukhiqiza amapayipi anodonga oluncane anobubanzi obuncane kuya kobuphakathi, kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona zokukhubazeka kokushintshwa.	Le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyabiza.	Ubude bokushisela buyi-1.5–Ipayipi eliphindwe kabiliubude, ngokulawulwa okungekuhle kobukhulu bejometri.
Isicelo Esijwayelekile	Igesi yasemadolobheni, imikhiqizo kaphethiloli ehlungiwe, kanye nokuthuthwa koketshezi olunomfutho ophansi	Amapayipi kawoyela negesi ahamba ibanga elide, ayingozi enkuluizindawo ezifana nezindawo ezibandayo kanye nolwandle, kanye namaphrojekthi obunjiniyela basogwini	Ukudluliselwa kwamanzi ngobubanzi obukhulu, ukushayela inqwaba, amapayipi esakhiwo, ukuthuthwa koketshezi okuvamile
Indawo Ethintekile Ekushiseni (HAZ)	encane	encane	mkhulu
ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza	Ukuphakama (~amamitha ayi-12 ngomzuzu)	Okuphakathi (~amamitha angu-4 ngomzuzu)	Okuphansi (~amamitha angu-2 ngomzuzu)

Ukuhlaziywa Okuningiliziwe Kwezinhlobo Zamapayipi Ahlanganisiwe

Ishubhu le-ERW (Ukushisela Ukumelana Nogesi)

I-ERW isebenzisa ngokuyinhloko umphumela wesikhumba kanye nomphumela wokusondela kwamandla kagesi ukushisa imiphetho yomugqa wensimbi ibe sesimweni esincibilikisiwe, kulandelwengokusebenzisa ingcindezi ukuze kufezwe ukuhlanganiswa. Akukho ntambo yokushisela engezwayo kuyo yonke inqubo.

Izinzuzo kanye nemikhawulo eyinhloko: ipayipi le-ERWama-weld anezici ezimfushane, ezibusheleleziimithungo enokunemba okuhle kakhulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi.Kodwa-ke, izinto ezibonakalayo ziyazwela ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali, futhi kunengozi yokuphazamiseka kokuhlanganiswa okungaphelele kuma-welds.

Ukukhiqizwa kanye namazinga: Inqubo ye-ERW isebenzisa umugqa wokukhiqiza oqhubekayo osheshayo, ofanele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningiIzindinganiso eziyinhloko zokuthobela imithetho zifaka phakathi i-API 5L kanye ne-GB/T 9711.1.

Izimo zokusetshenziswa: Yiyona eyinhloko emkhakheni wamapayipi amancane naphakathi, kabanziesetshenziswa ekudlulisweni nasekusabalalisweni kwegesi emadolobheni, ukuthuthwa kukawoyela ocwengekile, amanethiwekhi okuphakelwa kwamanzi, kanye nokusekelwa kwesakhiwo sezakhiwo.

Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe le-LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) elihlanganisiwe eliqondile elingaphansi komhlaba

Enqubweni ye-LSW, ipuleti elilodwa lensimbi licindezelwa kuqala libe yisimo esiyindilinga emshinini wokwakha, okudala ukuvulwa okude. Ngemva kwalokho, ucingo lokushisela lokugcwalisa lusetshenziswa ngqo ukwenza ukushisela kwe-arc okucwiliswe emaceleni amabili kokubili ezindaweni zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zepayipi elingenalutho.

Izindlela Zokwakha: Izinqubo zokwakha ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi i-UOE, i-JCOE, ne-HME. Phakathi kwalezi, indlela ye-UOE, ehlanganisainqubo yokwandisa ububanzi ngemuva kokushintshwa, iqeda ngempumelelo ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi, okuholela ekuqondeni okuphezulu kakhulu komkhiqizo oqediwe.

Inzuzo Eyinhloko: Umthungo wokushisela umelela iphuzu elibuthakathaka kakhulu esakhiweni sepayipi. Zonke izinzuzo zamapayipi e-LSAWzivela enqubweni yazo yokushisela enembile nelawulekayo, okuholela ekhwalithini yokushisela ephezulu kakhulu.

Izindinganiso Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo: Ngokuyinhloko ukunamathela ezindinganisweni ezifana ne-API 5L kanye ne-GB/T 9711, kanye nezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza.

Izimo zokusetshenziswa: Isebenza "njengepayipi elikhethiwe" lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinobungozi obukhulu/ezinenani eliphezulu, njengemigqa eyinhloko ye-trunkamapayipi kawoyela negesi anomfutho ophezulu ahamba ibanga elide, amapayipi angaphansi kwamanzi, izindawo ezibandayo kakhulu noma ezizamazama komhlaba, kanye namapayipi awela imifula.

Ipayipi le-HSAW (Helical Submerged Arc Welding)

I-HSAW (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-SSAW) ihilela ukufaka njalo umucu wensimbi emshinini wokwakha nge-engeli ethile, okubangela ukuthi uqhubeke ngokuzungeza njengesiphethu esigoqekile, kanti imiphetho yawo ihlangana ukuze yakhe umthungo ojikelezayo. Ngemva kwalokho, umshiseli we-arc ongaphansi kwamanzi onezinhlangothi ezimbili uhlanganisa lo mthungo ngokuqinile.

Amandla nobuthakathaka obuyinhloko: Imishini iyaguquguquka, kodwaUbude be-spiral weld bukhuliswa kakhulu. Ngokombono wokuhlaziya ukucindezeleka, i-weldingagwema isiqondiso esiyinhloko sokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi; noma kunjalo, ukusebenza kwayo akukuhle kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezeleka eziyinkimbinkimbi njengokulayisha kokuzamazama komhlaba.

Ukuhlukaniswa kanye namazinga: Ngokusekelwe esilinganisweni sokucindezela, zingahlukaniswa ngamapayipi okudlulisa uketshezi ajwayelekile (isb., indinganiso ye-SY/T5037) kanye namapayipi okudlulisa uketshezi aphethe ukucindezela (isb., indinganiso ye-GB/T 9711).

Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Kusetshenziswa kabanzi kumaphrojekthi okudlulisa amanzi aphansi akude, anobubanzi obukhulu, amapayipi okushisa asemadolobheni, kanye nezakhiwo ezithwala umthwalo wesisekelo sezinqwaba zamachweba namabhuloho.

Isifinyezo: Ungakhetha kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, ukukhetha ipayipi elihlanganisiwe elifanele kuhilela ukuhweba phakathi kokusebenza, izindleko, kanye nengozi.

Ukusebenza kuqala, izindleko azibalulekile: beka phambili i-LSAW.

Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko: Ezisetshenzisweni ezivamile ezisebenzisa umfutho ophezulu njengokudlulisa uwoyela negesi kanye namanethiwekhi amapayipi asemadolobheni, i-ERW iyisinqumo esiyingqayizivele.

Ukufinyelela ngokomnotho ububanzi obukhulu kakhulu: Kumaphrojekthi obukhulu adinga ingcindezi ekhululekile kanye nezindinganiso zekhwalithi yokushisela—njengokudlulisa amanzi kanye nokushayela inqwaba—I-HSAW iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu.