Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lesakhiwo (GB/T8162-2008) isetshenziselwa isakhiwo esijwayelekile kanye nesakhiwo somshini sepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo.

Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo amapayipi, imikhumbi, imishini, izinto zokufakelwa kanye nezakhiwo zemishini

Ukwakhiwa: isakhiwo sehholo, i-sea trestle, isakhiwo sesikhumulo sezindiza, idokodo, uhlaka lomnyango wokuphepha, umnyango wegaraji, iminyango yensimbi eqinisiwe namafasitela, udonga lokuhlukanisa lwangaphakathi, isakhiwo sebhuloho lekhebula kanye nonogada bomgwaqo omkhulu, izinsimbi zokubiyela, imihlobiso, amapayipi okuhlobisa ezindawo zokuhlala,

Izingxenye zezimoto: ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto namabhasi, amathuluzi okuthutha

Ezolimo: Imishini yezolimo

Imboni: Imishini, Ukusekelwa kwelanga, insimu kawoyela ogwini lolwandle, imishini yezimayini, ihadiwe yemishini nekagesi, Ubunjiniyela, ukumbiwa kwezimayini, izinsiza ezisindayo nezinsizakusebenza, Ubunjiniyela bezinqubo, ukucubungula izinto, izingxenye zemishini

Ezokuthutha: izinsimbi zabahamba ngezinyawo, izinsimbi zokuvikela, izakhiwo eziyisikwele, izimpawu, imishini yomgwaqo, uthango

Indawo yokugcina izinto: amashalofu ezitolo ezinkulu, ifenisha, izinto zesikole

Izinga eliyinhloko lepayipi lensimbi

Q345, 15CrMo, 12Cr1MoV, A53A, A53B, SA53A, SA53B

Usayizi weshubhu yensimbi engenamthungo kanye nokuphambuka okuvumelekile

Ishubhu lensimbi yekhabhoni (GB/8162-2008)

Lolu hlobo lwepayipi lensimbi oluyisakhiwo luvame ukuncibilikiswa yi-converter noma i-open hearth, izinto zalo eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa yinsimbi encibilikisiwe kanye nensimbi eqoshiwe, okuqukethwe yi-sulfur ne-phosphorus ensimbini kuphakeme kunokwepayipi lensimbi eliyisakhiwo sekhabhoni eliyikhwalithi ephezulu, ngokuvamile i-sulfur ≤0.050%, i-phosphorus ≤0.045%. Okuqukethwe kwezinye izinto zokuxuba, njenge-chromium, i-nickel kanye nethusi, okulethwa ensimbini ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ngokuvamile akudluli ku-0.30%. Ngokwezidingo zokwakheka nokusebenza, izinga lalolu hlobo lwepayipi lensimbi oluyisakhiwo liboniswa yi-steel grade Q195, Q215A, B, Q235A, B, C, D, Q255A, B, Q275 njalo njalo.

Qaphela: “Q” yi-alfabhethi yefonetiki yesiShayina ye-yield “qu”, ilandelwe yinani eliphansi le-yield point (σ S) lebanga, ilandelwe uphawu ngokuya ngokuqukethwe kwezinto ezingcolile (i-sulfur, i-phosphorus) kusukela phezulu kuya phansi kanye nezinguquko ezintweni ze-carbon kanye ne-manganese, ezihlukaniswe ngama-grade amane A, B, C, D.

Lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo wepayipi lensimbi oluyisakhiwo yilona olukhulu kunawo wonke, ukusetshenziswa kwalo kubanzi kakhulu, kugoqwe kakhulu kupuleti, iphrofayili (indilinga, isikwele, isicaba, umsebenzi, umsele, i-engela, njll.) kanye nepayipi lensimbi lokushisela lephrofayili kanye nokukhiqiza. Lisetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zokusebenzela, amabhuloho, imikhumbi nezinye izakhiwo kanye namapayipi okuthutha uketshezi ajwayelekile. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi luvame ukusetshenziswa ngqo ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngokushisa.

Ipayipi lensimbi yesakhiwo enamandla aphezulu e-alloy ephansi (GB/T8162-2008)

Ngaphezu kwenani elithile le-silicon noma i-manganese, amapayipi ensimbi aqukethe ezinye izinto ezifanele izinsiza zaseShayina. Njenge-vanadium (V), i-niobium (Nb), i-titanium (Ti), i-aluminium (Al), i-molybdenum (Mo), i-nitrogen (N), kanye nezinto zokulandelela ezingavamile zomhlaba (RE). Ngokusho kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezidingo zokusebenza, ibanga layo limelelwa yi-Q295A, B, Q345A, B, C, D, E, Q390A, B, C, D, E, Q420A, B, C, D, E, Q460C, D, E kanye nezinye izinhlobo zensimbi, futhi incazelo yalo ifana nepayipi lensimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni.

Ngaphezu kwensimbi yebanga A ne-B, insimbi yebanga C, i-BRADE D ne-Grade E kufanele ibe okungenani nenye yezinto zokulandelela okusanhlamvu okucwengisisiwe njenge-V, Nb, Ti ne-Al. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwensimbi, insimbi yebanga A, B nayo ingangezwa kwenye yazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe kwezinto ezisele ze-Cr, Ni ne-Cu kungaphansi kuka-0.30%. I-Q345A, B, C, D, E yizinhlobo ezimele lolu hlobo lwensimbi, phakathi kwazo insimbi yebanga A, B ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-16Mn; Kufanele kufakwe izinto zokulandelela ezingaphezu kweyodwa epayipini lensimbi yebanga C nangaphezulu, futhi kufanele kufakwe impahla eyodwa yomthelela wokushisa okuphansi ezimpahleni zayo zemishini.

Isilinganiso salolu hlobo lwepayipi lensimbi yokwakha nensimbi yokwakha yekhabhoni. Inezinzuzo zamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza okuhle okuphelele, impilo yesevisi ende, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kanye nomnotho wokuqhathanisa. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kumabhuloho, emikhunjini, kumabhoyila, ezimotweni nasezindaweni ezibalulekile zokwakha.