Ua wehe ʻia ka paila paila ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua a loaʻa kahi ʻāpana hakahaka, ʻo ka lōʻihi a me ka puni o ke kila nui, e like me ke ʻano hana hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka paipu kila seamless a me ka paipu kila welded, ka paipu kila kila me nā ana holoʻokoʻa (e like me ke anawaena a i ʻole ka lōʻihi) a me ka mānoanoa o ka pā, ʻōlelo ʻia kona nui ākea, mai ka liʻiliʻi anawaena capillary a hiki i kekahi mau mika ke anawaena, ka paipu anawaena nui.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu kila no ka paipu, nā mea wela, ka ʻoihana mīkini, ka ʻimi geological petroleum, nā ipu, ka ʻoihana kemika a me nā kumu kūikawā.

(1) Ke kila kila kila kila kiʻekiʻe 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG.

(2) Ke kila kila 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12CrMoVG, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB, etc.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pahu boiler i ʻelua mau ʻāpana:GB/T3087-2018paipu boiler puʻe waena a me haʻahaʻa,GB/T5310-2018kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe boiler paipu. ʻO kā mākou huahana nui:

ASTMA210(A10M)-2012ʻO ka paila hao kalapona kalapona a me ka paipu kila ʻole ka superheater, ʻo ka mea nui ʻo SA210 GrA1, SA210GrC;

ASME SA106/SA-106M-2015, nā mea nui he GR.B gr.C;

ASME/SA SA – 213-213 – m, mea huila maʻamau: T11, T12, T22 a me T23, T91, P92, T5, T5b, T9, T21, T22, T17;

ASTM A335 / A335M - 2018, nā mea nui: P11, P12, P22, P5, P9, P23, P91, P92, P2, etc.