1. Hoʻolauna Kūlana
ASME SA-106/SA-106MHe kūlana kēia i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) a ​​hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka seamlessnā paipu kila kalaponama nā wahi mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
ASTM A106: He kūlana kēia i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) no nā paipu kila kalapona seamless i nā wahi mahana kiʻekiʻe.
2. Nā Papa
GR.AKaha ikaika haʻahaʻa, kūpono no nā kaomi a me nā mahana haʻahaʻa.
GR.BʻO ka pae ikaika waena, ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia, kūpono no ka hapa nui o nā noi mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
GR.C: Papa ikaika kiʻekiʻe, kūpono no nā koi kaomi a me ka mahana kiʻekiʻe.
3. Nā Kahua Noi
Paipu kila kalapona humuhumu ʻoleASME SA-106/SA-106Mhe ākea nā noi i nā ʻoihana aʻe:

ʻAila a me ke kinoea: hoʻohana ʻia e halihali i nā wai wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.

Kemika: hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana paipu i nā kaʻina hana kemika.

Nā paila a me nā mea kanu mana: hoʻohana ʻia no nā paila a me nā ʻōnaehana paipu wela kiʻekiʻe.

Ka hana moku: hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana paipu wela kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā moku.
Hana ʻana i nā mīkini: hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana mīkini like ʻole.
Kaʻa a me ka aerospace: hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe.
Ikehu a me ka ʻekele honua: hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana paipu wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe i ka hana ʻeli ikehu a me ka ʻimi honua.
Kūkulu ʻana: hoʻohana ʻia no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe.
ʻOihana koa: hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana paipu wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe no nā lako koa.
4. Nā ʻano
Ke ahonui wela kiʻekiʻe: hiki ke mālama i nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa kemika i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe.
Ikaika kiʻekiʻe: loaʻa ka ikaika hua kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika tensile, a hiki ke kū i nā wahi kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
Ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻino: he kūpaʻa maikaʻi kona a kūpono hoʻi no nā wahi hana koʻikoʻi.
5. Nā koi loea
ʻO ke ʻano kemika: pono e hoʻokō i nā koi o ke ʻano kemika i nā kūlana like, me ka ʻike o nā mea e like me ke kalapona, manganese, phosphorus, a me ka sulfur.
Nā waiwai mechanical: me nā ʻōkuhi e like me ka ikaika tensile, ka ikaika hua a me ka elongation, pono e hoʻokō i nā koi maʻamau.
Hoʻāʻo ʻole luku: ʻo ka maʻamau, pono nā ʻano hoʻāʻo ʻole luku e like me ka hoʻāʻo ultrasonic a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā ʻāpana magnetic e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o loko o ka paipu.
Paipu kila kalapona humuhumu ʻoleASME SA-106/SA-106Mhe kuleana koʻikoʻi ia i nā noi ʻoihana. Me kona hana wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ʻano hana ʻino like ʻole.