Mapaipi achitsulo chopanda msoko amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi zomangamanga, makamaka pamene amafunika kupirira kuthamanga kwamphamvu, kutentha kwambiri kapena malo ovuta. Izi ndi zina mwa njira zazikulu zomwe mapaipi achitsulo chopanda msoko amagwiritsidwira ntchito:
Makampani Opanga Mafuta ndi Gasi: Mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula mafuta, gasi wachilengedwe ndi zinthu zina zamafuta osungunuka. Pakupanga ndi kuyeretsa malo amafuta, mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika amatha kunyamula zinthu zopondereza komanso zowononga.
Makampani opanga mankhwala: Makampani opanga mankhwala nthawi zambiri amafunika kuthana ndi mankhwala owononga. Mapaipi achitsulo osasoka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zida zamakemikolo, mapaipi ndi zotengera chifukwa cha kukana kwawo dzimbiri.
Makampani opanga magetsi: M'mafakitale opanga magetsi, mapaipi achitsulo osapindika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula nthunzi yotentha kwambiri komanso yothamanga kwambiri monga machubu a boiler, machubu a turbine ndi machubu obwezeretsanso kutentha.
Ntchito yomanga ndi zomangamanga: Mu gawo la zomangamanga, mapaipi achitsulo osapindika amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi operekera madzi, mapaipi otenthetsera, mapaipi oziziritsa mpweya, ndi zina zotero kuti athe kupirira mavuto a kupsinjika ndi kusintha kwa chilengedwe.
Kupanga Makina: Mu makampani opanga makina, mapaipi achitsulo opanda msoko amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zamakina, monga manja operekera, ma shaft oyendetsera, ndi zina zotero.
Ponena za makampani opanga ma boiler, mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ma boiler. Mu ma boiler, mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika ndi omwe amanyamula mphamvu ya kutentha, nthunzi yamadzi ndi madzi ena opangidwa ndi mafuta. Ntchito zazikulu ndi izi:
Mapaipi a boiler: Mapaipi achitsulo chopanda msoko amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapaipi a boiler kuti anyamule mafuta, madzi, nthunzi ndi zinthu zina zolumikizirana komanso kupirira malo ogwirira ntchito pansi pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika kwambiri.
Mapaipi Obwezeretsanso Mphamvu: M'mafakitale akuluakulu opangira magetsi, ma heater amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera kutentha kwa nthunzi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zopangira magetsi. Mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapaipi obwezeretsanso mphamvu kuti athe kupirira kunyamulidwa kwa nthunzi pansi pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika kwakukulu.
Mapaipi otchipa: Mu ma boiler, mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mapaipi otchipa kuti abwezeretse kutentha kotayika mu mpweya wotuluka m'madzi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi za boiler.
Kawirikawiri, mapaipi achitsulo opanda msoko amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, makamaka m'malo omwe amafunika kupirira kuthamanga kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri kapena malo owononga. Kugwira kwake ntchito bwino kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwa zipangizo zomwe zimakondedwa kwambiri.
Zotsatirazi ndi mitundu yoyimira mapaipi achitsulo opanda msoko omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga magetsi, makampani opanga ma boiler, makampani omanga ndi mafakitale amafuta ndi gasi:
ASTM A106/A106MChitoliro cha chitsulo cha kaboni chopanda msoko choyenera kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika kwambiri. Magiredi ofanana ndi A106 Giredi B/C.
ASTM A335/A335MChitoliro chachitsulo chopanda msoko choyenera kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika kwambiri. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi monga A335 P11, A335 P22, A335 P91, ndi zina zotero.
API 5L: Muyezo wa chitoliro chachitsulo cha mapaipi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula mafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe. Magiredi ofanana ndi awa:API 5L X42, API 5L X52, API 5L X65, etc.
GB 5310: Chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda msoko choyenera mapaipi a boiler otentha kwambiri komanso opanikizika kwambiri. Magiredi ofanana ndi GB 5310 20G, GB 5310 20MnG, GB 531015CrMoG, ndi zina zotero.
DIN 17175: Muyezo wa mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika a mapaipi a boiler pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika. Magiredi ofanana ndi awa: DIN 17175 ST35.8, DIN 17175 ST45.8, ndi zina zotero.
ASTM A53/A53M: Muyezo wa chitoliro chachitsulo cha kaboni chopanda msoko komanso cholumikizidwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale. Magiredi ofanana ndi awa: A53 Giredi A,Giredi A53 B, ndi zina zotero.
ASTM A333/A333M: Muyezo wa chitoliro chachitsulo cha kaboni chopanda msoko komanso cholumikizidwa choyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popalira madzi. Magiredi ofanana ndi A333 Giredi 6.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-24-2024