Unyaka ka-2026 ubizwa ngokuba "ngunyaka wokuqala weerhafu zekhabhoni." Indlela yoLungiso lweMida yeKhabhoni ye-EU (I-CBAM() ingenile ngokusesikweni kwinqanaba layo lokuqokelelwa okunyanzelekileyo, ngelixa ishishini lentsimbi lasekhaya laseTshayina lijongene nonyaka walo wokuqala wokuthobela imithetho emva kokufakwa kwimarike yekhabhoni yesizwe. Isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu se-15 sifuna ngokucacileyo ishishini lentsimbi ukuba liqalise "ulawulo oluphindwe kabini lokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni." Iindlela eziluhlaza nezisebenzisa ikhabhoni ephantsi ziye zasuka ekubeni "lukhetho" loxanduva lwenkampani kuluntu zaya "kwinto ekufuneka ibe nayo" yokufikelela kwimarike kunye nokukhuphisana okuphambili. Kwishishini leepayipi zentsimbi, amandla okulawula umkhondo wekhabhoni ngoku ami ecaleni komgangatho wemveliso kunye nesantya sokuhanjiswa njengentsika yesine yokhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe.

I. I-CBAM Iqalisa Ukusebenza: Idatha yeKhabhoni Iguquka ukusuka kwi-"Environmental Metric" ukuya kwi-"Export Currency"

Ngomhla woku-1 kweyoMqungu ngo-2026, i-EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism yaphelisa ngokusesikweni ixesha layo lokutshintsha yaza yangena kwisigaba sokuqokelelwa okunyanzelekileyo. Amashishini amathandathu anekhabhoni ephezulu, kuquka isinyithi, i-aluminium, kunye nesamente, afakwa phantsi kommandla wayo. Kumashishini esinyithi aseTshayina, idatha yekhabhoni ayiselulo nje uphawu lokusingqongileyo - iye yaba "yimali eyomeleleyo" yempumelelo yokuthumela ngaphandle kwaye "isitshixo" esichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukukhuphisana kweendleko.

Ngokweqikelelo, inkqubo yendlela ende ye-blast furnace basic oxygen furnace, elawula imveliso yentsimbi yaseTshayina, ikhupha malunga neetoni eziyi-2.0–2.2 ze-CO₂ ngetoni nganye yentsimbi eluhlaza - iphezulu kakhulu kuneetoni eziyi-0.4–0.6 ngetoni nganye kwinkqubo yendlela emfutshane ye-electric arc furnace esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-EU. Ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lekhabhoni le-EU elimalunga ne-€88/tonne ekuqaleni kuka-2026, xa izibonelelo zasimahla zigqityiwe ngokupheleleyo ngo-2034, iindleko ze-CBAM zokuthumela ngaphandle intsimbi kwi-EU ziya kunyuka nge-€140–€160 ngetoni nganye. Ukuba iinkampani azinakubonelela ngesibhengezo se-CBAM sekhabhoni kwaye kufuneka zisebenzise izinto ezikhutshwa yi-EU default emission, iindleko zekhabhoni ngetoni nganye yentsimbi ziya kunyuka nge-RMB 400–700. Okubangela uloyiko ngakumbi kukuba, i-EU sele icacisile ukuba ukususela ngo-2028, malunga neemveliso ezili-180 zentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium ezisebenzisa kakhulu i-downstream ziya kubandakanywa kwi-CBAM, zandisa impembelelo ukusuka kwiimveliso zentsimbi ezisisiseko ukuya kumashishini okuvelisa asezantsi.

II. Imigaqo-nkqubo yasekhaya iyaqina: Ulawulo lwekhabhoni ezimbini kunye nokujongwa kwamandla kwenza "uhlaselo oludibeneyo"

Unyaka ka-2026 ukwangunyaka obalulekileyo kutshintsho lweshishini lesinyithi ukusuka "kulawulo oluphindwe kabini lokusetyenziswa kwamandla" ukuya "kulawulo oluphindwe kabini lokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni." Ngomhla we-13 kuCanzibe, uMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi ukhuphe isaziso sokuququzelela ulawulo lokonga amandla kwimizi-mveliso ngo-2026, olugubungela iintsimbi zentsimbi, iintsimbi ezingezizo zentsimbi, iikhemikhali, kunye namanye amacandelo. Abantu abangaphakathi kwimizi-mveliso bakholelwa ukuba oku kuthetha ukuba ulawulo lwamandla kwishishini lesinyithi luyaphucuka ukusuka kwimida yemveliso yolawulo ukuya ekuhlolweni okusekwe kwiziko. Ulawulo lwamandla kwixesha elizayo luya kwenziwa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ubungakanani bemveliso, imigangatho yokusingqongileyo, amanqanaba okusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye neendleko zekhabhoni.

Okwangoku, amaxabiso ekhabhoni kwimarike yesizwe yaseTshayina yekhabhoni ayaqhubeka nokunyuka. Ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lamva nje lemarike yekhabhoni ye-RMB 82.56/tonne kunye nomgangatho wokusetyenziswa kwamandla kushishino lwentsimbi weetoni ezingama-2.3, iindleko zentsimbi ziya kunyuka nge-RMB 189/tonne. IKhomishini yoPhuhliso noHlaziyo yeSizwe ikwacacisile ukuba ngo-2026 iza kugxila kwintsimbi nakwamanye amacandelo, iqhubela phambili ukonga amandla kunye nokulungiswa kokunciphisa ikhabhoni. Isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu se-15 sifuna ngokucacileyo "ukuqinisa nokuphucula iziseko zemveliso yentsimbi esemgangathweni ophezulu" kunye nokuphumeza "ulawulo oluphindwe kabini lokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni," ukuqhuba utshintsho oluphantsi lwekhabhoni kushishino ukusuka kwimiboniso yovavanyo ukuya ekuphunyezweni rhoqo.

III. Uvavanyo Lokusebenza Kwe-Carbon Footprint: I-EU Ibeka Omnye "Umda Oluhlaza"

Ngomhla woku-1 ku-Epreli, ngo-2026, iZiko loPhando eliHlangeneyo leKhomishini yaseYurophu likhuphe ingxelo yobugcisa enesihloko esithi Draft Environmental Performance Classes: Five Representative Intermediate Steel Products, ethi okokuqala iphakamise ngokucwangcisiweyo indlela yokulinganisa ukusebenza kwekhabhoni kwiimveliso zentsimbi. Ingxelo ibeka amabakala amahlanu ukusuka ku-A ukuya ku-E, apho iBakala A limele ukusebenza kweklasi okungcono. Esi sikhokelo senzelwe ukubonelela ngesiseko sesayensi se-EU EcoDesign for Sustainable Products Regulation kwixesha elizayo kunye nokuseka isiseko seziko sokuthengwa koluntu okuluhlaza kwe-EU kunye nemarike yentsimbi ekhabhoni ephantsi.

Oku kuthetha ukuba kwixesha elizayo, iimveliso zemibhobho yentsimbi ezithunyelwa kwi-EU kuya kufuneka zihlangabezane kungekuphela nje nemigangatho yomgangatho wendabuko (njengesiqinisekiso se-API kunye ne-CE) kodwa kunye namanqanaba athile okusebenza kwe-carbon footprint. Idatha ye-carbon footprint iguquka ngokukhawuleza ukusuka "kwibhonasi" ukuya "kwitikiti lokungena."

IV. Ishishini Likhawulezisa Isenzo: Ukusuka Kwizinto Ezintsha Zenkqubo ukuya Kwiifektri EzingenaKhabhoni

Ejongene noxinzelelo lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle oluluhlaza, amashishini eepayipi zentsimbi nezentsimbi akhawulezisa utshintsho lwawo olunekhabhoni ephantsi.

Kwinkqubo ephambili, UWang Guodong, ingcali yezemfundo kwi-Chinese Academy of Engineering, uqaphele ukuba imveliso yendabuko yemibhobho engenamthungo ibandakanya ukunyibilikisa okuqhubekayo, ukubhoboza nokuqengqeleka, kunye namanyathelo amaninzi okuphinda kufudunyezwe kunye nonyango lobushushu. Inkqubo ende, eqhekekileyo ikhokelela ekuchithekeni kwamandla obushushu ngokuphindaphindiweyo, okubangela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Ucebise ukukhuthaza iinkqubo ezincinci nezidibeneyo - ukubhoboza ngokuthe ngqo nokuqengqeleka kunokudibanisa ngokufanelekileyo ukubhoboza okuqhubekayo nokubhoboza, kusetyenziswa ubushushu obuseleyo be-billet yokuphosa kunye nokunciphisa ukufudumeza okuphakathi, ngaloo ndlela kubonelela ngokonga amandla okukhulu kunye nokukwazi ukunciphisa ikhabhoni.

Kwicala letekhnoloji, Umgca wokuqala wemveliso yesinyithi sekhabhoni esizizigidi eTshayina okufutshane nomgca wemveliso yesinyithi sekhabhoni ongenanto uqaliswe ngokupheleleyo kwiBaosteel Zhanjiang Iron & Steel. Isebenzisa "i-hydrogen based shaft furnace direct reduced iron + scrap steel" njengezinto eziphambili, kulindeleke ukuba inciphise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngama-50%–80% xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zemveli zendlela ende. I-ISO ikwapapashe izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yekhabhoni ephantsi kwizityalo zesinyithi, igxile kwiitekhnoloji eziphazamisayo ezifana nokunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo okusekwe kwi-hydrogen kunye nokwenza intsimbi ye-arc furnace ephantse ibe yi-zero carbon.

Kwinqanaba leshishini, iipayipi ezigoqwe ngomthungo ezishushu ezenziwe kwimigca yemveliso yeBaotou Steel engama-460 kunye ne-159 ziphumelele ukufumana isiqinisekiso sentsimbi ekhupha ikhabhoni ephantsi kwi-China Iron and Steel Association, zifikelela kwi-E grade efficiency carbon. I-Tianjin Pipe, enesimo sayo esiphindwe kabini njengeshishini le-Grade A yokusebenza kokusingqongileyo kunye neshishini le-China Industrial Carbon Peaking "Pacesetter", iqhubela phambili ngokupheleleyo utshintsho lwayo oluluhlaza. I-168 rolling mill yayo yaba nguvulindlela kwi-annular furnace epheleleyo, inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yendalo ngama-31.71% kwaye inciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO₂ yonyaka malunga neetoni ezili-16,600, kwaye ifumene isiqinisekiso se-Type I 3 star "Zero Carbon Factory". Ukufakelwa kwe-photovoltaic esasazwayo eluphahleni kwisityalo sayo kunomthamo opheleleyo we-39.77 MW, ivelisa i-40 yezigidi ze-kWh ngonyaka kwaye inciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngama-36,000 eetoni ngonyaka. Iqela lemizi-mveliso yemibhobho yentsimbi yendabuko eDaqiuzhuang, kwiSithili saseJinghai eTianjin, nalo likhawulezisa utshintsho lwayo oluluhlaza – inkampani enye yemibhobho yentsimbi esekwe nge-galvanised yazixhasa ngemali engaphezulu kwe-RMB ezingama-25 ezigidi zokulungiswa kwendalo kwaye yanikwa udidi lweshishini leBanga A lokusebenza kwendalo.

V. Green kunye neLow-Carbon: Umlinganiselo Omtsha Wokhuphiswano Lokuthunyelwa KweeMpayipi Zentsimbi

Phantsi koxinzelelo oluphindwe kathathu lwerhafu ye-CBAM, ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwemarike yekhabhoni yasekhaya, kunye nomgangatho wokusebenza kwekhabhoni ye-EU, amandla aluhlaza kunye namandla aphantsi ekhabhoni abe yinzuzo ephambili yokhuphiswano kubathengisi beepayipi zentsimbi abathumela kwamanye amazwe.

Kwicala leempahla zokubonelela, iiprojekthi ezininzi ze-EPC zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nabathengi bemizi-mveliso bafuna ababoneleli ukuba banike idatha ye-carbon footprint yemveliso. Iqonga lenkonzo karhulumente le-ouyeel Cloud Commerce lidibanise amaziko emali ali-16, laqalisa iimveliso zemali eziluhlaza ezingama-29, kwaye lagubungela ngaphezulu kwe-RMB 1.6 yeebhiliyoni kwikhredithi eluhlaza. Ulawulo lwe-carbon footprint lutshintsha ukusuka kwindleko yokuthobela imithetho ukuya kwi-asethi yekhredithi.

Kwicala lemveliso, ngeemfuno ezibophelelayo ze-EU CBAM kwi-carbon footprints zemveliso yentsimbi kunye neemfuno ezicacileyo zeSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu se-15 sokuguqulwa kwemizi-mveliso, utshintsho oluphantsi lwe-carbon luye lwaba yindlela ebalulekileyo yophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwamashishini emibhobho yentsimbi. Ababoneleli abanako ukutyhila idatha ye-carbon footprints kunye nokunceda abathengi ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zokuthobela i-CBAM baya kufumana ithuba elikhulu kukhuphiswano lwemarike yamazwe ngamazwe.

I-Sanonpipeibisoloko yamkela i-"Green & Low Carbon" njengenye yeempawu zayo eziphambili kwaye ilandela imigaqo yophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Le nkampani inesitokhwe esihlala sihleli se-"Green & Low Carbon"Iitoni ezingama-20,000 of imibhobho yentsimbi ye-alloy, imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni, imibhobho engenamthungo, imibhobho edibeneyo, kunye neendawo ezingenanto, isigqubutheloimibhobho yebhoyila (I-ASTM A335 P92/I-P91/P22/P11/P5; I-ASME SA106/SA179/SA192/SA210), Imibhobho yomgca ye-API 5L (GR.B/X42/X52/X60), EN10210/EN10219 S355JOH/S355J2H imibhobho edibeneyokwayeiindawo ezingenanto, phakathi kwezinye iindidi zeemveliso. Le nkampani ineziqinisekiso eziphambili eziqukaI-API, i-CE, kunye ne-ISO 9001:2015kwaye isebenzisa ilebhu evunyiweyo yi-CNAS eneiindawo zokujonga ulawulo lwangaphakathi ezingaphezu kwama-240ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso.

Ngokuphathelele uhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi, iSanonpipe ibonelelaidatha ye-carbon footprintngeemveliso zayo eziphambili ukunceda abathengi kwingxelo yokuthobela imithetho ye-EU CBAM kunye neemfuno ze-ESG. Le nkampani iyamkelaindawo yokugcina impahla elawulwa yiWMS yangaphakathiukunciphisa umhlwa kunye nenkunkuma, ikhethaukupakishwa okungasetyenziswa kwakhona, kwaye iphucula ukuhlanganiswa kwe-LCL ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, ixhasa abathengi ngokukhutheleyo ekwakheni uthungelwano lokubonelela ngezinto eziluhlaza. Kwangaxeshanye, isebenzisa amandla okuthumela ngezithuthi ezininzi (iTianjin, iQingdao, iShanghai) kunyeUkuhanjiswa kweodolo yongxamiseko yeentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-15, iSanonpipe izibophelele ekuboneleleni abathengi behlabathi ngesisombululo sombhobho wentsimbi esisebenza kube kanye esimeleImigangatho Ephakamileyo, Ukuhanjiswa Okukhawulezayo, Akukho Mngcipheko, kunye neGreen & Low Carbon.

I-Sanonpipe

Isitokhwe Esilungeleyo: Iitoni ezingama-20,000yemibhobho engenamthungo yentsimbi ye-alloy kunye ne-carbon, imibhobho edibeneyo, kunye neendawo ezingenanto

Iimveliso eziPhambili:

Iipayipi zeBoiler: ASTM A335 P92/P91/P22/P11/P5; ASME SA106/SA179/SA192/SA210

Iipayipi zeMigca ezingenamthungo: I-API 5L GR.B / X42 / X52 / X60 (1/2″–24″ OD)

Iipayipi eziWelding kunye neeCandelo ezingenanto: EN10210/EN10219 S355JOH/S355J2H, EN10217 P235TR1/P265TR1

Iziqinisekiso: CE, ISO 9001:2015; Ilebhu evunyiweyo yi-CNAS; Inkxaso ye-L/C ye-zero difference;idatha ye-carbon footprint yemveliso iyafumaneka
Ukuhanjiswa: Iintsuku zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni ezili-15-30; ii-odolo ezingxamisekileyoIintsuku ezisi-7-15

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