umbhobho wentsimbi ye-alloy engenamthungo umbhobho webhoyila oqhelekileyo we-ASTM A335 oxinzelelo oluphezulu
| Umgangatho:I-ASTM A335 | I-Alloy okanye Hayi: I-Alloy |
| Iqela leBanga: P5,P9,P11,P22,P91,P92 Njl. | Isicelo: Umbhobho weBoiler |
| Ubukhulu: 1 - 100 mm | Unyango Lomphezulu: Njengoko Imfuneko Yomthengi |
| Ububanzi obungaphandle (Umjikelo): 10 - 1000 mm | Indlela yokusebenza: Ishushu iqengqelekile/ Itsalwe ngokubandayo |
| Ubude: Ubude obuzinzileyo okanye Ubude obungacwangciswanga | Unyango lobushushu: Ukudibanisa/ukulungelelanisa/ukunciphisa |
| Imilo yeCandelo: Ijikelezile | Umbhobho oKhethekileyo: Umbhobho wodonga oThixekileyo |
| Indawo Yokuqala: eTshayina | Ukusetyenziswa: Umbhobho woMphunga oPhezulu, iBoiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger |
| Isiqinisekiso: ISO9001:2008 | Uvavanyo: ET/UT |
Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukwenza umbhobho webhoyila wentsimbi ye-alloy ekumgangatho ophezulu, umbhobho otshintshiselwano ngobushushu, umbhobho womphunga oxinzelelo oluphezulu kushishino lwepetroleum kunye neekhemikhali.
Ibanga lombhobho we-alloy okumgangatho ophezulu: P5, P9, P11, P22, P91, P92 njl.
| Ibanga | UN | C≤ | Mn | P≤ | S≤ | Si≤ | Cr | Mo |
| I-Sequiv. | ||||||||
| P1 | K11522 | 0.10~0.20 | 0.30~0.80 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.10~0.50 | – | 0.44~0.65 |
| P2 | K11547 | 0.10~0.20 | 0.30~0.61 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.10~0.30 | 0.50~0.81 | 0.44~0.65 |
| P5 | K41545 | 0.15 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 4.00~6.00 | 0.44~0.65 |
| I-P5b | K51545 | 0.15 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 1.00~2.00 | 4.00~6.00 | 0.44~0.65 |
| I-P5c | K41245 | 0.12 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 4.00~6.00 | 0.44~0.65 |
| P9 | S50400 | 0.15 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50~1.00 | 8.00~10.00 | 0.44~0.65 |
| P11 | K11597 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0.61 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50~1.00 | 1.00~1.50 | 0.44~0.65 |
| P12 | K11562 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 0.80~1.25 | 0.44~0.65 |
| P15 | K11578 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 1.15~1.65 | – | 0.44~0.65 |
| P21 | K31545 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 2.65~3.35 | 0.80~1.60 |
| P22 | K21590 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 1.90~2.60 | 0.87~1.13 |
| I-P91 | K91560 | 0.08~0.12 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.20~0.50 | 8.00~9.50 | 0.85~1.05 |
| I-P92 | K92460 | 0.07~0.13 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.5 | 8.50~9.50 | 0.30~0.60 |
Utyumbo olutsha olusekwe ngokwe-Practice E 527 kunye ne-SAE J1086, i-Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS). I-B Grade P 5c mayibe nomxholo we-titanium ongaphantsi kwe-4 umxholo we-carbon kwaye ungabi ngaphezulu kwe-0.70%; okanye umxholo we-columbium ophindwe ka-8 ukuya kwi-10 umxholo we-carbon.
| Iipropati zoomatshini | P1,P2 | P12 | P23 | I-P91 | P92,P11 | P122 |
| Tensile strength | 380 | 415 | 510 | 585 | 620 | 620 |
| Unikeze Amandla | 205 | 220 | 400 | 415 | 440 | 400 |
| Ibanga | Uhlobo Lonyango Lobushushu | Ukulinganisa Ububanzi Bobushushu F [C] | Ukunciphisa okanye ukuTshisa okungaphantsi kokubalulekileyo |
| P5, P9, P11, kunye neP22 | Uluhlu lobushushu F [C] | ||
| A335 P5 (b,c) | I-Anneal epheleleyo okanye e-Isothermal | ||
| Lungisa kwaye Ube Nomsindo | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
| I-Anneal engaphantsi kwe-subcritical (P5c kuphela) | ***** | 1325 – 1375 [715 - 745] | |
| A335 P9 | I-Anneal epheleleyo okanye e-Isothermal | ||
| Lungisa kwaye Ube Nomsindo | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
| A335 P11 | I-Anneal epheleleyo okanye e-Isothermal | ||
| Lungisa kwaye Ube Nomsindo | ***** | 1200 [650] | |
| A335 P22 | I-Anneal epheleleyo okanye e-Isothermal | ||
| Lungisa kwaye Ube Nomsindo | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
| A335 P91 | Lungisa kwaye Ube Nomsindo | 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] |
| Ukucima kunye nobushushu | 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] |
Kwipayipi ecwangciswe ukuba ibe nobubanzi bangaphakathi, ububanzi bangaphakathi abuyi kwahluka ngaphezu kwe-6 1% kunobubanzi bangaphakathi obuchaziweyo.
Utshintsho oluvumelekileyo kububanzi bangaphandle
| Umyili we-NPS | in | mm | in | mm |
| 1⁄8 ukuya kwi-11⁄2, kuquka | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-11⁄2 ukuya kwi-4, kuquka. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-4 ukuya kwi-8, kubandakanya | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-8 ukuya kwi-12, kubandakanya. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-12 | 6 1 % yexabiso elichaziweyo ngaphandle ububanzi |
Uvavanyo lwe-Hydraustatic:
Umbhobho wentsimbi kufuneka uvavanywe nge-hydraulic nganye nganye. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lovavanyo yi-20 MPa. Phantsi koxinzelelo lovavanyo, ixesha lokuzinza kufuneka lingabi ngaphantsi kwe-10 S, kwaye umbhobho wentsimbi akufuneki uvuza.
Emva kokuba umsebenzisi evumile, uvavanyo lwe-Hydraulic lunokutshintshwa luvavanyo lwe-Eddy Current okanye uvavanyo lwe-Magnetic Flux Leakage.
Uvavanyo olungonakalisiyo:
Iipayipi Ezifuna Ukuhlolwa Okungakumbi Zifanele Zihlolwe Ngokwe-Ultrasonical Ngayinye Ngayinye. Emva kokuba Ingxoxo Ifuna Imvume Yeqela Kwaye Ichazwe Kwisivumelwano, Olunye Uvavanyo Olungonakalisiyo Lunokongezwa.
Uvavanyo lokuTyatya:
Iityhubhu Ezinobubanzi Bangaphandle Obungaphezulu Kweemilimitha ezingama-22 Ziza Kuvavanywa Ngokuthamba. Akukho Kuvela Kwe-Delamination, Amabala Amhlophe, Okanye Ukungcola Okufanele Kwenzeke Ngexesha Lovavanyo Lonke.
Uvavanyo loBulukhuni:
Kwimibhobho yeGrades P91, P92, P122, kunye neP911, uvavanyo lobunzima beBrinell, Vickers, okanye Rockwell kufuneka lwenziwe kwisampuli evela kwilothi nganye.
Uvavanyo lokugoba:
Kwipayipi enobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-NPS 25 kwaye enomlinganiselo wobubanzi nobukhulu bodonga obuyi-7.0 okanye ngaphantsi, kufuneka kuhlolwe ukugoba endaweni yovavanyo lokuthamba. Eminye ipayipi enobubanzi obulingana okanye obungaphezulu kwe-NPS 10 inokunikwa uvavanyo lokugoba endaweni yovavanyo lokuthamba ngokuxhomekeke kwimvume yomthengi.
1. Ukulayisha ngesikhongozeli
2. Ukulayisha ngokuthunyelwa ngobuninzi
I-ASTM A335 P5yipayipi yentsimbi engenanto ye-ferritic enobushushu obuphezulu esemgangathweni waseMelika. Ityhubhu ye-alloy luhlobo lwetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo, ukusebenza kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu kunetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ngokubanzi, kuba olu hlobo lwetyhubhu yentsimbi lune-C engaphezulu, ukusebenza kwayo kuncinci kunetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eqhelekileyo, ngoko ke ityhubhu ye-alloy isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-petroleum, kwi-aerospace, kwiikhemikhali, kumbane, kwibhoyila, emkhosini nakwamanye amashishini.
Umbhobho wentsimbi ye-Alloy uqulathe ubuninzi bezinto ezingezizo ikhabhoni ezifana ne-nickel, i-chromium, i-silicon, i-manganese, i-tungsten, i-molybdenum, i-vanadium kunye nobuninzi obuncinci bezinye izinto ezamkelekileyo ezifana ne-manganese, i-sulfur, i-silicon, kunye ne-phosphorus.
Intsimbi ye-alloy yasekhaya ehambelanayo: 1Cr5Mo GB 9948-2006 “Umgangatho wePipe yeNtsimbi engenamthungo yokuQhekeka kwePetroleum”
- Intlawulo: Idiphozithi engama-30%, i-70% L/C okanye ikopi ye-B/L okanye i-100% L/C ekuboneni
- Ubungakanani be-Order encinci: 1 PC
- Amandla okubonelela: Iitoni ezingama-20000 zonyaka ze-Inventory of Steel Pipe
- Ixesha lokuKhokela: Iintsuku ezi-7-14 Ukuba zikho kwisitokhwe, iintsuku ezingama-30-45 zokuvelisa
- Ukupakisha: Ukunyamalala Okumnyama, I-Bevel kunye neCap kwiPipe nganye; I-OD engaphantsi kwe-219mm kufuneka ipakishwe kwiBundle, kwaye iBundle nganye mayingadluli kwiitoni ezi-2.
Isishwankathelo
| Umgangatho:I-ASTM A335 | I-Alloy okanye Hayi: I-Alloy |
| Iqela leBanga: P5 | Isicelo: Umbhobho weBoiler |
| Ubukhulu: 1 – 100 mm | Unyango Lomphezulu: Njengoko Imfuneko Yomthengi |
| Ububanzi obungaphandle (Umjikelo): 10 – 1000 mm | Indlela yokusebenza: Ishushu iqengqelekile/ Itsalwe ngokubandayo |
| Ubude: Ubude obuzinzileyo okanye Ubude obungacwangciswanga | Unyango lobushushu: Ukudibanisa/ukulungelelanisa/ukunciphisa |
| Imilo yeCandelo: Ijikelezile | Umbhobho oKhethekileyo: Umbhobho wodonga oThixekileyo |
| Indawo Yokuqala: eTshayina | Ukusetyenziswa: Umbhobho woMphunga oPhezulu, iBoiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger |
| Isiqinisekiso: ISO9001:2008 | Uvavanyo: ET/UT |
Isicelo
Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni ipayipi yebhoyila yentsimbi ye-alloy ekumgangatho ophezulu, ipayipi etshintshiswana ngobushushu, ipayipi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu yoshishino lwepetroliyam kunye neekhemikhali
Icandelo leKhemikhali
| Iinguqulelo | Idatha |
| Utyumbo lwe-UNS | K41545 |
| Ikhabhoni (ubuninzi.) | 0.15 |
| IManganese | 0.30-0.60 |
| I-Phosphorus (ubuninzi.) | 0.025 |
| I-silicon (ubuninzi.) | 0.50 |
| I-Chromium | 4.00-6.00 |
| I-Molybdenum | 0.45-0.65 |
| Ezinye Izinto | … |
Ipropati yoomatshini
| Iipropati | Idatha |
| Amandla okuThamba, iMin, (MPa) | 415 Mpa |
| Amandla emveliso, iMin, (MPa) | 205 Mpa |
| Ukwandiswa, Ubuncinci, (%), i-L/T | 30/20 |
Unyango lobushushu
| Ibanga | Uhlobo Lonyango Lobushushu | Ukulinganisa Ububanzi Bobushushu F [C] | Ukunciphisa okanye ukuTshisa okungaphantsi kwe-subcritical |
| P5, P9, P11, kunye neP22 | Uluhlu lobushushu F [C] | ||
| A335 P5 (B,C) | I-Anneal epheleleyo okanye e-Isothermal | ||
| A335 P5b | Yenza izinto zibe zesiqhelo kwaye ube nobushushu | ***** | 1250 [675] |
| A335 P5c | I-Anneal engaphantsi kwe-subcritical | ***** | 1325 – 1375 [715 - 745] |
Ukunyamezelana
Kwimibhobho ecwangciswe ukuba ibe yi-Inside Diameter, i-Inside Diameter ayifanele itshintshe ngaphezu kwe-±1% ukusuka kwi-Inside Diameter echaziweyo.
Iinguqu Ezivumelekileyo Kwi-Diameter Yangaphandle
| Umyili we-NPS | Ukunyamezelana okuhle | ukunyamezelana okungalunganga | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8 ukuya kwi-11⁄2, Kubandakanywa | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-11⁄2 ukuya kwi-4, Kubandakanywa. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-4 ukuya kwi-8, kubandakanya | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-8 ukuya kwi-12, kubandakanya. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-12 | ±1 % Yezinto Ezichaziweyo Ngaphandle Ububanzi | |||
Imfuneko yoVavanyo
Uvavanyo lwe-Hydraustatic:
Umbhobho wentsimbi kufuneka uvavanywe nge-hydraulic nganye nganye. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lovavanyo yi-20 MPa. Phantsi koxinzelelo lovavanyo, ixesha lokuzinza kufuneka lingabi ngaphantsi kwe-10 S, kwaye umbhobho wentsimbi akufuneki uvuza.
Emva kokuba umsebenzisi evumile, uvavanyo lwe-Hydraulic lunokutshintshwa luvavanyo lwe-Eddy Current okanye uvavanyo lwe-Magnetic Flux Leakage.
Uvavanyo olungonakalisiyo:
Iipayipi Ezifuna Ukuhlolwa Okungakumbi Zifanele Zihlolwe Ngokwe-Ultrasonical Ngayinye Ngayinye. Emva kokuba Ingxoxo Ifuna Imvume Yeqela Kwaye Ichazwe Kwisivumelwano, Olunye Uvavanyo Olungonakalisiyo Lunokongezwa.
Uvavanyo lokuTyatya:
Iityhubhu Ezinobubanzi Bangaphandle Obungaphezulu Kweemilimitha ezingama-22 Ziza Kuvavanywa Ngokuthamba. Akukho Kuvela Kwe-Delamination, Amabala Amhlophe, Okanye Ukungcola Okufanele Kwenzeke Ngexesha Lovavanyo Lonke.
Uvavanyo loBulukhuni:
Kwimibhobho yamaBanga e-P91, P92, P122, kunye ne-P911, uvavanyo lweBrinell, Vickers, okanye Rockwell Hardness luza kwenziwa kwiSibonelelo esivela kwiLoti nganye.
Uvavanyo lokugoba:
KwiPipe Enobubanzi obudlula i-NPS 25 kwaye Umlinganiselo Wobukhulu Bodonga Obuyi-7.0 Okanye Ngaphantsi, Iza Kuvavanywa Ngokugoba Endaweni Yovavanyo Lokugoba. Eminye IPipe Enobubanzi obulingana okanye obudlula i-NPS 10 Inganikwa Uvavanyo Lokugoba Endaweni Yovavanyo Lokugoba Ngokuxhomekeke Kwimvume Yomthengi
Izinto kunye noMveliso
Umbhobho unokuba ugqityiwe ushushu okanye ubanda ngonyango lobushushu olugqityiweyo oluchazwe ngezantsi.
Unyango lobushushu
- A / N+T
- N+T / Q+T
- N+T
Uvavanyo lweMishini oluchaziweyo
- Uvavanyo lweTshintsho oluNqamlezayo okanye olude kunye noVavanyo lokuThabatha, uvavanyo loBulukhuni, okanye uvavanyo lokugoba
- Kwizinto ezishushu eziphathwayo kwi-oven yohlobo lwebhetshi, uvavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe kwi-5% yombhobho ovela kwi-lot nganye ephathwayo. Kwiindawo ezincinci, ubuncinane umbhobho omnye kufuneka uvavanywe.
- Ukuze ubushushu bezinto ezisetyenziswayo buphathwe yinkqubo eqhubekayo, uvavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe kwinani elaneleyo lombhobho ukuze lube yi-5% yelothi, kodwa kungabi ngaphantsi kwemibhobho emibini.
Amanqaku ovavanyo lwe-Bend:
- Kwipayipi enobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-NPS 25 kwaye enomlinganiselo wobubanzi bodonga obuyi-7.0 okanye ngaphantsi, kufuneka kuhlolwe ukugoba endaweni yovavanyo lokuthamba.
- Omnye umbhobho onobubanzi obulingana okanye obudlula i-NPS 10 unokunikwa uvavanyo lokugoba endaweni yovavanyo lokucaba ngokuxhomekeke ekuvunyweni ngumthengi.
- Iisampulu zovavanyo lokugoba mazigotywe kubushushu begumbi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-180 ngaphandle kokuqhekeka ngaphandle kwenxalenye egobileyo.
AI-STM A335 P5Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zilungele amanzi, umphunga, ihydrogen, ioyile emuncu, njl. Ukuba zisetyenziselwa umphunga wamanzi, ubushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza kwayo yi-650℃Xa isetyenziswa kwiindawo zokusebenza ezifana neoyile emuncu, inokumelana nokugqwala kwesalfure kubushushu obuphezulu, kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiimeko zokugqwala kwesalfure kubushushu obuphezulu obuyi-288~550.℃.
Inkqubo yemveliso:
1. Ukuqengqeleka okushushu (ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ekhutshiweyo): ityhubhu ejikelezileyo → ukufudumeza → ukugqobhoza → ukuqengqeleka okunqamlezileyo okuneemiqolo ezintathu, ukuqengqeleka okuqhubekayo okanye ukukhutshelwa ngaphandle → ukuhluba ityhubhu → ubungakanani (okanye ukunciphisa) → ukupholisa → ukulula → uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi (okanye ukufunyanwa kweziphene) → uphawu → indawo yokugcina
2. Ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo edwetshwayo (eqengqelekayo) enomthungo: ityhubhu ejikelezileyo ebhilethiweyo → ukufudumeza → ukugqobhoza → intloko → ukuqhobosha → ukuqhobosha → ukutshiza ioyile (ubhedu olufakelweyo) → umzobo obandayo odlula ngeendlela ezininzi (uqengqeleka okubandayo) → ityhubhu engenanto → unyango lobushushu → ukucokisa → uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi (ukufumanisa iziphene) → uphawu → indawo yokugcina
Imeko zesicelo:
Kwizixhobo zomoya kunye nezomoya zokucubungula ioyile eluhlaza enesulfure eninzi,I-ASTM A335 P5Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiipayipi ezisezantsi zeenqaba zomoya kunye nezomoya, iityhubhu ze-furnace zee-furnace zomoya kunye nezomoya, iindawo ezikhawulezayo zemigca yokuguqula ioyile yomoya kunye nezomoya kunye nezinye iipayipi zeoyile kunye negesi ezinobushushu obuphezulu ezinesalfure.
Kwiiyunithi zeFCC,I-ASTM A335 P5Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimibhobho yokucoca enobushushu obuphezulu, i-catalyst kunye ne-return refinery, kunye neminye imibhobho yeoyile yesalfure kunye negesi enobushushu obuphezulu.
Kwiyunithi yokupheka ebambezelekileyo,I-ASTM A335 P5Umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo usetyenziselwa ikakhulu umbhobho wokondla obushushu obuphezulu ezantsi kwe-coke tower kunye nombhobho weoyile negesi obushushu obuphezulu entla kwe-coke tower, umbhobho we-furnace ezantsi kwe-coke furnace, umbhobho ezantsi kwe-fracking tower kunye neminye imibhobho yeoyile negesi ebushushu obuphezulu equlethe isalfure.
Umbhobho wentsimbi ye-Alloy uqulathe ubuninzi bezinto ezingezizo ikhabhoni ezifana ne-nickel, i-chromium, i-silicon, i-manganese, i-tungsten, i-molybdenum, i-vanadium kunye nobuninzi obuncinci bezinye izinto ezamkelekileyo ezifana ne-manganese, i-sulfur, i-silicon, kunye ne-phosphorus..
I-ASTM A335 P9 ngumbhobho we-ferritic oshushu ophezulu wentsimbi exutyiweyo osemgangathweni waseMelika. Ityhubhu ye-alloy luhlobo lwetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo, ukusebenza kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu kunetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ngokubanzi, kuba olu hlobo lwetyhubhu yentsimbi lune-C engaphezulu, ukusebenza kwayo kungaphantsi kunetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eqhelekileyo, ngoko ke ityhubhu ye-alloy isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-petroleum, kwi-aerospace, kwiikhemikhali, kumbane, kwibhoyila, emkhosini nakwamanye amashishini.
A335 P9yintsimbi eshushu kakhulu ekwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu eyenziwe nge-chromium-molybdenum alloy eyenziwe ngomgangatho waseMelika. Ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okugqwesileyo kwe-oxidation, amandla obushushu aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-sulfide, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimibhobho yobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvuthayo kunye nokuqhuma kwezityalo zokucocisa ipetroliyam, ngakumbi umbhobho wobushushu othe ngqo wesithando sobushushu, ubushushu obuphakathi bunokufikelela kwi-550~600℃.
Intsimbi ye-alloy yasekhaya ehambelanayo: 1Cr5Mo GB 9948-2006 “Umgangatho wePipe yeNtsimbi engenamthungo yokuQhekeka kwePetroleum”
Isishwankathelo
| Umgangatho:I-ASTM A335 | I-Alloy okanye Hayi: I-Alloy |
| Iqela leBanga: P9 | Isicelo: Umbhobho weBoiler |
| Ubukhulu: 1 – 100 mm | Unyango Lomphezulu: Njengoko Imfuneko Yomthengi |
| Ububanzi obungaphandle (Umjikelo): 10 – 1000 mm | Indlela yokusebenza: Ishushu iqengqelekile/ Itsalwe ngokubandayo |
| Ubude: Ubude obuzinzileyo okanye Ubude obungacwangciswanga | Unyango lobushushu: Ukudibanisa/ukulungelelanisa/ukunciphisa |
| Imilo yeCandelo: Ijikelezile | Umbhobho okhethekileyo: Umbhobho wodonga oluThintekileyo |
| Indawo Yokuqala: eTshayina | Ukusetyenziswa: Umbhobho woMphunga oPhezulu, iBoiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger |
| Isiqinisekiso: ISO9001:2008 | Uvavanyo: ET/UT |
Icandelo leKhemikhali
Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali zemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo yokuqhekeka kwepetroleum
| I-ASTM A335M | C | SI | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo |
| P9 | ≦0.15 | 0.25-1.00 | 0.30-0.60 | ≦0.025 | ≦0.025 | 8.00-10.00 | 0.90-1.10 |
Ipropati yoomatshini
| Iipropati | Idatha |
| Amandla okutsalwa, umzuzu, (MPa) | 415 Mpa |
| Amandla okuvelisa, umzuzu, (MPa) | 205 Mpa |
| Ukwandiswa, ubuncinci, (%), i-L/T | 14 |
| HB | 180 |
Unyango lobushushu
|
Ibanga | Uhlobo Lonyango Lobushushu | Ukulinganisa Ububanzi Bobushushu F [C] | Ukunciphisa okanye ukuTshisa okungaphantsi kwe-subcritical |
| P5, P9, P11, kunye neP22 | |||
| A335 P9 | I-Anneal epheleleyo okanye e-Isothermal | ||
| Yenza izinto zibe zesiqhelo kwaye ube nobushushu | ***** | 1250 [675] |
A335 P9inganyangwa ngobushushu ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokufunxa okanye zokumisa. Isantya sokuphola kwenkqubo yokufunxa sicotha, sichaphazela isigqi semveliso, inkqubo yemveliso kunzima ukuyilawula, kwaye ixabisa kakhulu; Ke ngoko, imveliso yokwenyani ayisebenzisi kakhulu inkqubo yokufunxa ubushushu, idla ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokufunxa ubushushu yokufunxa + yokufunxa endaweni yenkqubo yokufunxa, ukuze kufezekiswe imveliso yemizi-mveliso.
A335 P9intsimbi kuba ayinayo i-V, i-Nb kunye nezinye izinto ze-microalloying, ngoko ke ubushushu obuqhelekileyo kune-A335 P91 intsimbi buphantsi, 950 ~ 1050℃, gcina iyure eli-1, inkqubo xa ihlengahlengisa uninzi lwe-carbide enyibilikisiweyo kodwa akukho ukukhula okucacileyo kwengqolowa, kodwa ubushushu obuqhelekileyo obuphezulu kakhulu bunokuthambekela kwi-austenite grain coarse: ubushushu obufudumeleyo yi-740-790℃, ukuze kufumaneke ubunzima obuphantsi, ixesha lobushushu obufudumeleyo kufuneka landiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukunyamezelana
Kwimibhobho ecwangciswe ukuba ibe yi-Inside Diameter, i-Inside Diameter ayifanele itshintshe ngaphezu kwe-±1% ukusuka kwi-Inside Diameter echaziweyo.
Iinguqu Ezivumelekileyo Kwi-Diameter Yangaphandle
| Umyili we-NPS | Ukunyamezelana okuhle | ukunyamezelana okungalunganga | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8 ukuya kwi-11⁄2, Kubandakanywa | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-11⁄2 ukuya kwi-4, Kubandakanywa. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-4 ukuya kwi-8, kubandakanya | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-8 ukuya kwi-12, kubandakanya. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-12 | ±1 % Yezinto Ezichaziweyo | |||
Inkqubo yemveliso:
I-A335 yenzelwe ngokwemeko yezixhobo zombhobho wentsimbi waseTianjin kunye neempawuA335 P9Inkqubo yokuvelisa uvavanyo lwentsimbi ye-P9 yombhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo:Ukwenza intsimbi yesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi → ukucocwa kweladle → ukususwa kwegesi nge-vacuum → ukuphoswa kwedayi → ityhubhu engenanto yokubumba → ityhubhu engenanto yokuqhoboshela → ityhubhu engenanto yokufudumeza → ukubhoboza okucacileyo → ukubhoboza ityhubhu ye-PQF eqhubekayo yokuqengqeleka kwetyhubhu yokugaya → ubungakanani obuneeroli ezintathu → ukupholisa ibhedi → isiphelo setyhubhu Ngokwendlela yokusika → ukuqiniswa kwepayipi yentsimbi → ukufunyanwa kokuvuza kwe-magnetic flux → unyango lobushushu → ukuqondisa → ukufunyanwa kweziphene ze-ultrasonic → uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic → ubungakanani kunye nokuhlolwa kwembonakalo → indawo yokugcina.
inkqubo yokuvelisa：
| Inombolo yento | inkqubo yokuvelisa | Ulawulo lwesenzo kunye nomgangatho | |||
| 1 | Intlanganiso yangaphambi kokuhlolwa | Imizuzu yentlanganiso | |||
| 2 | I-ASEA-SKF | Lungisa ukwakheka kweekhemikhali | |||
| *Uhlalutyo lokwakheka kweekhemikhali | |||||
| *ubushushu bokunyibilika | |||||
| 3 | I-CCM | i-billet | |||
| 4 | Ukuhlolwa kwezinto eziluhlaza | Ukuhlolwa okungenanto kunye nokuqinisekiswa komgangatho | |||
| *Imeko yenkangeleko: Umphezulu we-billet kufuneka ungabi naziphene ezifana namanxeba, i-slag, imingxuma, imifantu, njl. Iiprints, ii-dents kunye nemingxuma akufuneki zidlule kwi-2.5mm | |||||
| 5 | Ukufudumeza okungenanto | Ukufudumala iibhelethi kwisithando esijikelezayo | |||
| *Lawula ubushushu bokufudumeza | |||||
| 6 | ukugqobhoza kombhobho | Gqobhoza ngesibhakela sesikhokelo/ipleyiti yesikhokelo | |||
| *Lawula ubushushu xa ugqobhoza | |||||
| * Lawula ubungakanani emva kokugqobhoza | |||||
| 7 | Ishushu Eqengqelekayo | Ukuqengqeleka okushushu kwiityhubhu eziqhubekayo | |||
| *Seta ubukhulu bodonga lombhobho | |||||
| 8 | Ubungakanani | Ubukhulu bolawulo lwangaphandle kunye nobukhulu bodonga | |||
| * Umatshini wokwenza ububanzi obupheleleyo bangaphandle | |||||
| * Umatshini wokwenza ubukhulu bodonga olupheleleyo | |||||
| 9 | ukwakheka kweekhemikhali | Uhlalutyo lokwakheka kweekhemikhali | |||
| * Iikhrayitheriya zokwamkelwa kokwakheka kweekhemikhali. Iziphumo zohlalutyo lokwakheka kweekhemikhali kufuneka zibhalwe kwincwadi yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. | |||||
| 10 | Ukulungisa + Ukulinganisela | Unyango lobushushu (ukulungisa) lwenziwa emva kokuqengqeleka okushushu. Unyango lobushushu kufuneka luqwalasele ukulawula ubushushu kunye nobude bexesha. | |||
| Emva konyango lobushushu, iipropati zoomatshini zemveliso kufuneka zihlangabezane nomgangatho we-ASTM A335 | |||||
| 11 | ukupholisa umoya | Ibhedi yokupholisa ethatha inyathelo ngenyathelo | |||
| 12 | ukusarha | Ukusarha ngobude obuchaziweyo | |||
| * Ulawulo lobude bepayipi yentsimbi | |||||
| 13 | Ukuqondakala (ukuba kuyimfuneko) | Ilawula ukuba tyaba. | |||
| Emva kokulungisa, ukuthe tye kufuneka kuhambelane ne-ASTM A335 | |||||
| 14 | Ukuhlolwa kunye nokwamkelwa | Inkangeleko kunye nokuhlolwa kobukhulu | |||
| *Ukumelana nobukhulu bentsimbi kufuneka kuhambelane ne-ASTM A999 | |||||
| Qaphela: Ukunyamezelana kobubanzi obungaphandle: ± 0.75%D | |||||
| *Ukuhlolwa kwenkangeleko kufuneka kwenziwe nganye nganye ngokwemigangatho ye-ASTM A999 ukuze kuthintelwe umphezulu ombi | |||||
| 15 | ukufunyanwa kweziphene | *Umzimba wonke wombhobho wentsimbi kufuneka uhlolwe nge-ultrasonic ukuze kujongwe iziphene ezinde ngokwe-ISO9303/E213 | |||
| Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic: | |||||
| 16 | Uvavanyo lwepropathi yoomatshini | (1) Uvavanyo lokuThamba (longitudinal) kunye novavanyo lokuthamba | |||
| Uvavanyo oluphindaphindayo | 5%/ibhetshi, ubuncinane iityhubhu ezimbini | ||||
| Ubuncinci | Ubuninzi | ||||
| P9 | Amandla emveliso (iMpa) | 205 | |||
| amandla okutsalwa (MPa) | 415 | ||||
| Ukwandiswa | Ngokwemigangatho ye-ASTM A335 | ||||
| Uvavanyo lokuthambisa | Ngokwemigangatho ye-ASTM A999 | ||||
| (2) Uvavanyo lokuqina | |||||
| Uvavanyo oluphindaphindeneyo: lufana novavanyo lokuxinana | Isiqwenga esi-1/ibhetshi | ||||
| I-HV kunye ne-HRC | ≤250HV10&≤25 HRC HV10≤250&HRC≤25 | ||||
| Qaphela: Umgangatho wovavanyo lokuqina kweVickers: ISO6507 okanye ASTM E92; | |||||
| Uvavanyo lobunzima beRockwell olusemgangathweni: ISO6508 okanye ASTM E18 | |||||
| 17 | I-NDT | Umbhobho ngamnye wentsimbi kufuneka uvavanywe ngokuhambelana neemfuno zeendlela zovavanyo i-E213, i-E309 okanye i-E570. | |||
| 18 | uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi | Uvavanyo lwe-hydrostatic ngokwe-ASTM A999, uxinzelelo lovavanyo | |||
| 19 | i-bevel | Ukubekwa kwebheveli komgca wombhobho wentsimbi ohambelanayo ngokwe-ASTM B16.25fig.3(a) | |||
| 20 | Ukulinganiswa kobunzima nobude | *Ukunyamezela ubunzima obunye: -6%~ +4%. | |||
| 21 | Umgangatho wepayipi | Umphezulu wangaphandle wombhobho wentsimbi kufuneka uphawulwe ngokutshizwa ngokwemigangatho ye-ASTM A335 kunye neemfuno zabathengi. Umxholo wophawu ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: | |||
| “Ubude Ubunzima TPCO ASTM A335 Ubungakanani beNyanga yoNyaka P9 S LT**C ***MPa/NDE Inombolo yoBushushu Inombolo yeLoti Inombolo yeThubhu | |||||
| 22 | ipeyintiwe | Umphezulu wangaphandle wetyhubhu upeyintwe ngokwemigangatho yefektri | |||
| 23 | isigqubuthelo sokuphela kombhobho | **Kufuneka kubekho iingcingo zeplastiki kuzo zombini iziphelo zetyhubhu nganye | |||
| 24 | uluhlu lwezinto eziphathekayo | *Incwadi yezinto eziphathekayo mayinikwe ngokwe-EN10204 3.1. ”Ingxelo yoMthengi kufuneka iboniswe kwincwadi yezinto eziphathekayo. | |||
I-ASTM A335 P11 ngumbhobho we-ferritic oshushu ophezulu wentsimbi exutyiweyo osemgangathweni waseMelika. Ityhubhu ye-alloy luhlobo lwetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo, ukusebenza kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu kunetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ngokubanzi, kuba olu hlobo lwetyhubhu yentsimbi lune-C engaphezulu, ukusebenza kwayo kungaphantsi kunetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eqhelekileyo, ngoko ke ityhubhu ye-alloy isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-petroleum, kwi-aerospace, kwiikhemikhali, kumbane, kwibhoyila, emkhosini nakwamanye amashishini.
Isishwankathelo
| Umgangatho:I-ASTM A335 | I-Alloy okanye Hayi: I-Alloy |
| Iqela leBanga: P11 | Isicelo: Umbhobho weBoiler |
| Ubukhulu: 1 – 100 mm | Unyango Lomphezulu: Njengoko Imfuneko Yomthengi |
| Ububanzi obungaphandle (Umjikelo): 10 – 1000 mm | Indlela yokusebenza: Ishushu iqengqelekile/ Itsalwe ngokubandayo |
| Ubude: Ubude obuzinzileyo okanye Ubude obungacwangciswanga | Unyango lobushushu: Ukudibanisa/ukulungelelanisa/ukunciphisa |
| Imilo yeCandelo: Ijikelezile | Umbhobho okhethekileyo: Umbhobho wodonga oluThintekileyo |
| Indawo Yokuqala: eTshayina | Ukusetyenziswa: Umbhobho woMphunga oPhezulu, iBoiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger |
| Isiqinisekiso: ISO9001:2008 | Uvavanyo: ET/UT |
Icandelo leKhemikhali
Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali zemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo yokuqhekeka kwepetroleum
| C | SI | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | |
| P11 | 0.05-0.15 | 0.5-1.00 | 0.30-0.61 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 1.00-1.50 | 0.44-0.65 |
Ipropati yoomatshini
| Iipropati | Idatha |
| Amandla okutsalwa, umzuzu, (MPa) | 415 I-Mpa |
| Amandla okuvelisa, umzuzu, (MPa) | 205I-Mpa |
Unyango lobushushu
|
Ibanga | Uhlobo Lonyango Lobushushu | Ukulinganisa Ububanzi Bobushushu F [C] | Ukunciphisa okanye ukuTshisa okungaphantsi kwe-subcritical |
| P5, P9, P11, kunye neP22 | |||
| A335 P11 | I-Anneal epheleleyo okanye e-Isothermal | ||
| Yenza izinto zibe zesiqhelo kwaye ube nobushushu | ***** | 1250[650] |
Ukunyamezelana
Kwimibhobho ecwangciswe ukuba ibe yi-Inside Diameter, i-Inside Diameter ayifanele itshintshe ngaphezu kwe-±1% ukusuka kwi-Inside Diameter echaziweyo.
Iinguqu Ezivumelekileyo Kwi-Diameter Yangaphandle
| Umyili we-NPS | Ukunyamezelana okuhle | ukunyamezelana okungalunganga | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8 ukuya kwi-11⁄2, Kubandakanywa | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-11⁄2 ukuya kwi-4, Kubandakanywa. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-4 ukuya kwi-8, kubandakanya | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-8 ukuya kwi-12, kubandakanya. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-12 | ±1 % Yezinto Ezichaziweyo | |||
I-ASTM A335 P22yipayipi yentsimbi ye-alloy engenamthungo yokusetyenziswa kwe-ferritic enobushushu obuphezulu. Ityhubhu ye-alloy luhlobo lwetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo, ukusebenza kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu kunetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ngokubanzi, kuba olu hlobo lwetyhubhu yentsimbi lune-C engaphezulu, ukusebenza kwayo kuncinci kunetyhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eqhelekileyo, ngoko ke ityhubhu ye-alloy isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-petroleum, kwi-aerospace, kwiikhemikhali, kumbane, kwibhoyila, emkhosini nakwamanye amashishini.
Isishwankathelo
| Umgangatho:I-ASTM A335 | I-Alloy okanye Hayi: I-Alloy |
| Iqela leBanga: P22 | Isicelo: Umbhobho weBoiler |
| Ubukhulu: 1 – 100 mm | Unyango Lomphezulu: Njengoko Imfuneko Yomthengi |
| Ububanzi obungaphandle (Umjikelo): 10 – 1000 mm | Indlela yokusebenza: Ishushu iqengqelekile/ Itsalwe ngokubandayo |
| Ubude: Ubude obuzinzileyo okanye Ubude obungacwangciswanga | Unyango lobushushu: Ukudibanisa/ukulungelelanisa/ukunciphisa |
| Imilo yeCandelo: Ijikelezile | Umbhobho okhethekileyo: Umbhobho wodonga oluThintekileyo |
| Indawo Yokuqala: eTshayina | Ukusetyenziswa: Umbhobho woMphunga oPhezulu, iBoiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger |
| Isiqinisekiso: ISO9001:2008 | Uvavanyo: ET/UT |
Icandelo leKhemikhali
Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali zemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo yokuqhekeka kwepetroleum
| C | SI | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | |
| P22 | 0.05-0.15 | 0.5 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 1.90-2.60 | 0.87-1.13 |
Ipropati yoomatshini
| Iipropati | Idatha |
| Amandla okutsalwa, umzuzu, (MPa) | 415 I-Mpa |
| Amandla okuvelisa, umzuzu, (MPa) | 205I-Mpa |
Unyango lobushushu
|
Ibanga | Uhlobo Lonyango Lobushushu | Ukulinganisa Ububanzi Bobushushu F [C] | Ukunciphisa okanye ukuTshisa okungaphantsi kwe-subcritical |
| P5, P9, P11, kunye neP22 | |||
| A335 P22 | I-Anneal epheleleyo okanye e-Isothermal | ||
| Yenza izinto zibe zesiqhelo kwaye ube nobushushu | ***** | 1250[650] |
Ukunyamezelana
Kwimibhobho ecwangciswe ukuba ibe yi-Inside Diameter, i-Inside Diameter ayifanele itshintshe ngaphezu kwe-±1% ukusuka kwi-Inside Diameter echaziweyo.
Iinguqu Ezivumelekileyo Kwi-Diameter Yangaphandle
| Umyili we-NPS | Ukunyamezelana okuhle | ukunyamezelana okungalunganga | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8 ukuya kwi-11⁄2, Kubandakanywa | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-11⁄2 ukuya kwi-4, Kubandakanywa. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-4 ukuya kwi-8, kubandakanya | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-8 ukuya kwi-12, kubandakanya. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-12 | ±1 % Yezinto Ezichaziweyo | |||
I-A335 P22 yintsimbi ye-ferritic ye-Chromium-molybdenum enobushushu obuphezulu eyi-2.25Cr-1Mo yeebhoyila kunye nee-superheater,I-ASTM A335/A335Mesemgangathweni. Ngo-1985, yatyalwa kwi-GB5310 yaza yabizwa ngokuba yi-12Cr2MoG. Amanye amazwe anemigangatho efanayo yentsimbi, njengeFederal Republic of Germany 10CrMo910 kunye neJapan STBA24. Kwi-cr-1Mo steel series, amandla ayo obushushu aphezulu, phantsi kobushushu obufanayo (ubushushu).≤580℃) Amandla ayo okuqhekeka kwezikrufu kunye noxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo luphezulu nangakumbi kunentsimbi ye-9CR-1Mo, kwaye inamandla okucubungula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuwelda, iplastiki eqinileyo nehlala ixesha elide. Ke ngoko, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokusebenza ezinzima, njengamandla obushushu, amandla enyukliya kunye nezixhobo ezithile ze-hydrogen kwiipayipi ezahlukeneyo zokufudumeza kunye neenqanawa zoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ubushushu obuvumelekileyo: I-A335P22 (SA-213T22) isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-300,600MW kunye nezinye ii-boiler tube ubushushu bodonga lwe-power plant enkulu.≤580℃ubushushu bodonga lwe-superheater kunye netyhubhu kunye ne-LT;540℃Umbhobho womphunga wodonga kunye nentloko, olu hlobo lwentsimbi luye lwasetyenziswa kakhulu eMelika, eJapan naseYurophu, lunembali ende yokusebenza kwizityalo zamandla, lusebenza kakuhle kwaye lusebenza kakuhle ngentsimbi evuthiweyo.
Intsimbi ye-12Cr1MoV yeyentsimbi ye-chromium-molybdenum vanadium steel vanadium, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwipayipi yentsimbi ye-12Cr1MoV/GB5310. Isetyenziswa kakhulu, yi-480 degrees.℃~580℃indawo enobushushu obuphezulu enenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo. Ubushushu benkonzo yetyhubhu yentsimbi ye-12Cr1MoVG: isetyenziselwa ikakhulu intsimbi ephambili yetyhubhu ye-superheater, i-header kunye nombhobho womphunga webhoyila enoxinzelelo oluphezulu apho ubushushu bodonga lwetyhubhu bungaphantsi okanye bulingana ne-580℃.
Inkqubo yemveliso: Uvavanyo loBulukhuni:
1. Ukuqengqeleka okushushu (ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo ekhutshiweyo): ityhubhu ejikelezileyo → ukufudumeza → ukugqobhoza → ukuqengqeleka okunqamlezileyo okuneemiqolo ezintathu, ukuqengqeleka okuqhubekayo okanye ukukhutshelwa ngaphandle → ukuhluba ityhubhu → ubungakanani (okanye ukunciphisa) → ukupholisa → ukulula → uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi (okanye ukufunyanwa kweziphene) → uphawu → indawo yokugcina
2. Ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo edwetshwayo (eqengqelekayo) enomthungo: ityhubhu ejikelezileyo ebhilethiweyo → ukufudumeza → ukugqobhoza → intloko → ukuqhobosha → ukuqhobosha → ukutshiza ioyile (ubhedu olufakelweyo) → umzobo obandayo odlula ngeendlela ezininzi (uqengqeleka okubandayo) → ityhubhu engenanto → unyango lobushushu → ukucokisa → uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi (ukufumanisa iziphene) → uphawu → indawo yokugcina
Ukupakisha:
Ukupakisha okungenanto/ukupakisha okuneepakethe/ukupakisha iibhokisi/ukukhusela ngomthi kumacala omabini emibhobho kwaye kukhuselwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuthunyelwa ngendlela efanelekileyo elwandle okanye njengoko kuceliwe.
Isishwankathelo
Ipayipi yebhoyila yobushushu obuphezulu ye-P92 esemgangathweni enomthungo we-alloy engenamthungo.
| Umgangatho:I-ASTM A335 | I-Alloy okanye Hayi: I-Alloy |
| Iqela leBanga: P92 | Isicelo: Umbhobho weBoiler |
| Ubukhulu: 1 – 100 mm | Unyango Lomphezulu: Njengoko Imfuneko Yomthengi |
| Ububanzi obungaphandle (Umjikelo): 10 – 1000 mm | Indlela yokusebenza: Ishushu iqengqelekile/ Itsalwe ngokubandayo |
| Ubude: Ubude obuzinzileyo okanye Ubude obungacwangciswanga | Unyango lobushushu: Ukudibanisa/ukulungelelanisa/ukunciphisa |
| Imilo yeCandelo: Ijikelezile | Umbhobho okhethekileyo: Umbhobho wodonga oluThintekileyo |
| Indawo Yokuqala: eTshayina | Ukusetyenziswa: Umbhobho woMphunga oPhezulu, iBoiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger |
| Isiqinisekiso: ISO9001:2008 | Uvavanyo: ET/UT |
Icandelo leKhemikhali
Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali zemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo yokuqhekeka kwepetroleum
| C | SI | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | |
| I-P92 | 0.07-0.13 | 0.5 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 8.50-9.5 | 0.30-0.60 |
Ipropati yoomatshini
| Iipropati | Idatha |
| Amandla okutsalwa, umzuzu, (MPa) | 620 I-Mpa |
| Amandla okuvelisa, umzuzu, (MPa) | 440I-Mpa |
Unyango lobushushu
|
Ibanga | Uhlobo Lonyango Lobushushu | Ukulinganisa Ububanzi Bobushushu F [C] | Ukunciphisa okanye ukuTshisa okungaphantsi kwe-subcritical |
| P5, P9, P11, kunye neP22 | |||
| A335 P92 | I-Anneal epheleleyo okanye e-Isothermal | ||
| Yenza izinto zibe zesiqhelo kwaye ube nobushushu | ***** | 1250[675] |
Ukunyamezelana
Kwimibhobho ecwangciswe ukuba ibe yi-Inside Diameter, i-Inside Diameter ayifanele itshintshe ngaphezu kwe-±1% ukusuka kwi-Inside Diameter echaziweyo.
Iinguqu Ezivumelekileyo Kwi-Diameter Yangaphandle
| Umyili we-NPS | Ukunyamezelana okuhle | ukunyamezelana okungalunganga | ||
| In | Mm | In | Mm | |
| 1⁄8 ukuya kwi-11⁄2, Kubandakanywa | 1⁄64 (0.015) | 0.4 | 1⁄64(0.015) | 0.4 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-11⁄2 ukuya kwi-4, Kubandakanywa. | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-4 ukuya kwi-8, kubandakanya | 1⁄16(0.062) | 1.59 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-8 ukuya kwi-12, kubandakanya. | 3⁄32(0.093) | 2.38 | 1⁄32(0.031) | 0.79 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-12 | ±1 % Yezinto Ezichaziweyo | |||
