Izicelo zegobolondo likawoyela:

Isetshenziselwa ukugaya umthombo kawoyela ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa inqubo yokubhoboza futhi ngemva kokuphothulwa kokusekelwa kodonga lomthombo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe inqubo yokubhoboza kanye nokusebenza okuvamile kwawo wonke umthombo ngemva kokuqedwa.Ngenxa yezimo ezihlukene ze-geological, isimo sokucindezeleka ngaphansi komhlaba siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi isenzo esibanzi sokuqina, ukucindezela, ukugoba kanye nokuguquguquka kwekhwalithi kubeka izingcindezi zekhwalithi ephezulu yepayipi ngokwayo. yonakele ngenxa yesizathu esithile, kungase kuholele ekuncishisweni kokukhiqizwa kwawo wonke umthombo, noma ngisho ne-scrap.

Izinhlobo zegobolondo likawoyela:

Ngokusho kwe-SY/T6194-96 "i-petroleum casing", ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-casing enentambo emfushane kanye nekholomu yayo kanye ne-casing enentambo ende kanye nokhololo wayo.

I-Oil casing standard kanye nokupakishwa kwayo:

Ngokusho kwe-SY/T6194-96, i-casing yasekhaya kufanele iboshwe ngentambo yensimbi noma ibhande lensimbi.Ingxenye eveziwe ye-casing ngayinye kanye nentambo yekhola kufanele iboshwe ngendandatho yokuvikela ukuvikela intambo.

I-casing izohlinzekwa ngentambo kanye nekhola ngokusho kwe-API SPEC 5CT1988 yokuqala noma kunoma iyiphi yamafomu okuphela kwamapayipi alandelayo: isiphetho esiyisicaba, intambo eyindilinga ngaphandle kwekholomu noma ikhola, intambo ye-trapezoidal ye-offset ene-collar noma ngaphandle kwayo, intambo eqondile, ukucubungula okukhethekile kokuphela, ukwakhiwa kwendandatho yophawu.

Ibanga lensimbi le-petroleum casing:

I-oil casing steel grade ingahlukaniswa ngamamaki ensimbi ahlukene ngokusho kwamandla ensimbi ngokwayo, okungukuthi H-40, J-55, K-55, N-80, C-75, L-80, C-90, C-95, P-110, Q-125, njll.Izimo zemithombo ehlukene, ukujula komthombo, ukusetshenziswa kwebanga lensimbi nakho kuhlukile.I-casing ngokwayo nayo iyadingeka ukuze ingagqwali ezindaweni ezigqwalile.Ezindaweni ezinezimo ze-geological eziyinkimbinkimbi, i-casing nayo iyadingeka ukuze imelane nokuchotshozwa.

Ifomula yokubala isisindo se-oyela casing imi kanje:

KG/ m = (ububanzi obungaphandle - ukujiya kodonga) * ukujiya kodonga * 0.02466

Ubude bebhokisi likawoyela:

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zobude obucaciswe yi-API: R-1 4.88 kuya ku-7.62m, R-2 7.62 kuya ku-10.36m, R-3 10.36m kuya ubude.

Uhlobo lwebhande le-petroleum casing:

I-API 5CTIzinhlobo zebhande le-petroleum casing zifaka i-STC (ibhande eliyindilinga elifushane), i-LTC (ibhande eliyindilinga ende), i-BTC (ibhande lesitebhisi eliyingxenye), i-VAM (ibhande lenkosi) nezinye izinhlobo zebhande.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza komzimba kwe-petroleum casing:

(1) Ngokusho kwe-SY/T6194-96.Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-flattening (GB246-97) ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile (GB228-87) nokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic.

(2) ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic, ukuhlolwa kokucaba, ukuhlolwa kokubola kwe-sulfide stress, ubulukhuni (ASTME18 noma inguqulo yakamuva ye-E10), ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile, ukuhlolwa komthelela oguquguqukayo (ASTMA370, ASTME23 kanye nenguqulo yakamuva yamazinga afanele) ngokuvumelana nezinhlinzeko ze-American Petroleum Institute APISPEC5CT198k), ukunqunywa1 usayizi wokuqala wenguqulo ye-ASTME1 inguqulo yakamuva ye-ASTME1 indlela)

Ukungenisa nokuthekelisa isikhwama sikawoyela:

(1) Amazwe ayinhloko wokungenisa uwoyela yilawa: Germany, Japan, Romania, Czech Republic, Italy, United Kingdom, Austria, Switzerland, United States, Argentina, Singapore nazo zingenisa.Izindinganiso zokungenisa zibhekisela ku-American Petroleum Institute standard API5A, 5AX, 5AC.Steel grade H-40, J-55, N-80, P-110, C-75, C-95 njalonjalo.Imininingwane eyinhloko ithi 139.77.72R-2, 177.89.294-294. 244.510.03R-2, 244.511.05r-2, njll.

(2) Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zobude ezicaciswe yi-API: u-R-1 ungu-4.88 ~ 7.62m, u-R-2 ungu-7.62 ~ 10.36m, u-R-3 ungu-10.36m ukuya ubude.

(3) Ingxenye yezimpahla ezingenisiwe imakwe nge-LTC, okungukuthi, umkhono webhande le-filament.

(4) Ngaphezu kwamazinga e-API, inani elincane le-bushing elakhiwe eJapan lihambisana nezindinganiso zabakhiqizi baseJapane (njengeNippon Steel, Sumitomo, Kawasaki, njll.), izinombolo zensimbi ziyi-NC-55E, NC-80E, NC-L80, NC-80HE, njll.

(5) Emacaleni okufaka isicelo, kube khona okungalungile okufana nebhande elimnyama, ukulimala kwethayi, ukugoqeka komzimba wepayipi, ibhande eliphukile kanye nebanga eliqinile lentambo ngaphandle kokubekezelelana, ukuhlanganisa inani elingu-J ngenxa yokubekezelelana, kanye nezinkinga zekhwalithi zangaphakathi njengokuqhekeka okufiphala namandla esivuno esiphansi sekesi.

Izici zemishini zesigaba ngasinye sensimbi se-petroleum casing: