Bututun ƙarfe marasa sumul don boilers masu matsin lamba mai yawa a cikin GB/T5310-2017 Standard
| Daidaitacce:GB/T5310-2017 | Alloy ko A'a: Alloy |
| Rukunin Matsakaici: 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG, da sauransu | Aikace-aikace: Bututun tukunya |
| Kauri: 1 - 100 mm | Maganin Surface: Kamar yadda abokin ciniki ke buƙata |
| Diamita na Waje (Zagaye): 10 - 1200 mm | Fasaha: An yi birgima mai zafi |
| Tsawon Lokaci: Tsawon Lokaci ko Tsawon Lokaci (mita 6-12) | Maganin zafi: Zubar da ruwa/daidaitawa |
| Siffar Sashe: Zagaye | Bututu na Musamman: Bututun Boiler |
| Wurin Asali: China | Amfani: Boiler da Heat Exchanger |
| Takardar Shaida: ISO9001:2008 | Gwaji: ECT/UT/Hydrau Static |
Ana amfani da shi galibi don yin bututun ƙarfe mai inganci na carbon, ƙarfe mai tsari na ƙarfe da bututun ƙarfe mai jure zafi don bututun tukunyar jirgi mai matsin lamba da sama da tururi.
Ana amfani da shi galibi don babban matsin lamba da kuma yanayin zafi mai yawa na tukunyar jirgi (bututun superheater, bututun sake dumamawa, bututun jagorar iska, babban bututun tururi don tukunyar jirgi mai ƙarfi da mai ƙarfi). A ƙarƙashin tasirin iskar gas mai zafi da tururin ruwa mai zafi, bututun zai yi oxidize da lalata. Ana buƙatar bututun ƙarfe ya kasance yana da ƙarfi sosai, juriya ga iskar shaka da tsatsa, da kuma kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na tsarin.
Karfe mai inganci na carbon: 20g, 20mng, 25mng
Sashe na ƙarfe mai ƙarfe: 15mog, 20mog, 12crmog, 15crmog, 12cr2mog, 12crmovg, 12cr3movsitib, da sauransu
Karfe mai jure zafi mai jure tsatsa: 1cr18ni9 1cr18ni11nb
| Matsayi | Inganci Aji | Kadarorin Sinadarai | ||||||||||||||
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Nb | V | Ti | Cr | Ni | Cu | Nd | Mo | B | Als" | ||
| Ba fiye da haka ba | minti | |||||||||||||||
| Q345 | A | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.30 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.012 | 0.10 | — | — | |||
| B | 0.035 | 0.035 | ||||||||||||||
| C | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.015 | ||||||||||
| D | 0.18 | 0.030 | 0.025 | |||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
| Q390 | A | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.07 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.3. | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.10 | — | — |
| B | 0.035 | 0.035 | ||||||||||||||
| C | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0,015 | |||||||||||||
| D | 0.030 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
| Q42O | A | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.07 | 0.2. | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.20 | — | — |
| B | 0.035 | 0.035 | ||||||||||||||
| C | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.015 | |||||||||||||
| D | 0.030 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
| Q46O | C | 0.20 | 0.60 | 1.80 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.20 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
| D | 0.030 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
| Q500 | C | 0.18 | 0.60 | 1.80 | 0.025 | 0.020 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.60 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.20 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
| D | 0.025 | 0.015 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.020 | 0.010 | ||||||||||||||
| Q550 | C | 0.18 | 0.60 | 2.00 | 0.025 | 0,020 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
| D | 0.025 | 0,015 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.020 | 0.010 | ||||||||||||||
| Q62O | C | 0.18 | 0.60 | 2.00 | 0.025 | 0.020 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
| D | 0.025 | 0.015 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.020 | 0.010 | ||||||||||||||
| Banda ma'aunin Q345A da Q345B, ƙarfen ya kamata ya ƙunshi aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan hatsi masu tsafta Al, Nb, V, da Ti. Dangane da buƙatun, mai samar da kayayyaki zai iya ƙara abubuwa ɗaya ko fiye da aka tace na hatsi, matsakaicin ƙimar ya kamata ya cika buƙatun da ke cikin teburin. Idan aka haɗa su, Nb + V + Ti <0.22% °Ga ma'aunin Q345, Q390, Q420 da Q46O, Mo + Cr <0.30% o Lokacin da aka yi amfani da kowane ma'aunin Cr da Ni azaman abin da ya rage, abun ciki na Cr da Ni bai kamata ya wuce 0.30% ba; lokacin da ake buƙatar ƙara shi, abun ciki ya kamata ya cika buƙatun da ke cikin teburin ko kuma mai bayarwa da mai siye su tantance shi ta hanyar shawara. J Idan mai samarwa zai iya tabbatar da cewa abun ciki na nitrogen ya cika buƙatun da ke cikin teburin, ba za a iya yin nazarin abun ciki na nitrogen ba. Idan aka ƙara Al, Nb, V, Ti da sauran abubuwan gami tare da haɗa nitrogen zuwa ƙarfe, abun ciki na nitrogen ba shi da iyaka. Ya kamata a ƙayyade abun ciki na haɗa nitrogen a cikin takardar shaidar inganci. Lokacin amfani da duk aluminum, jimlar abun ciki na aluminum AIt ^ 0.020% B | ||||||||||||||||
| No | Matsayi | Kadarar Inji | ||||
|
|
| Taurin kai | yawa | Faɗaɗa | Tasiri (J) | Hannu |
| 1 | 20G | 410- | ≥ | 24/22% | 40/27 | — |
| 2 | 20MnG | 415- | ≥ | 22/20% | 40/27 | — |
| 3 | 25MnG | 485- | ≥ | 20/18% | 40/27 | — |
| 4 | 15MoG | 450- | ≥ | 22/20% | 40/27 | — |
| 6 | 12CrMoG | 410- | ≥ | 21/19% | 40/27 | — |
| 7 | 15CrMoG | 440- | ≥ | 21/19% | 40/27 | — |
| 8 | 12Cr2MoG | 450- | ≥ | 22/20% | 40/27 | — |
| 9 | 12Cr1MoVG | 470- | ≥ | 21/19% | 40/27 | — |
| 10 | 12Cr2MoWVTiB | 540- | ≥ | 18/-% | 40/- | — |
| 11 | 10Cr9Mo1VNbN | ≥ | ≥ | 20/16% | 40/27 | ≤ |
| 12 | 10Cr9MoW2VNbBN | ≥ | ≥ | 20/16% | 40/27 | ≤ |
Kauri da Girman Waje:
Idan babu wasu buƙatu na musamman, bututun zai zama isarwa kamar diamita na waje na yau da kullun da kauri na bango na yau da kullun. Kamar yadda takardar ke biye.
| Tsarin rarrabuwa | Hanyar ƙera | Girman bututu | Haƙuri | |||
| Matsayi na yau da kullun | Babban maki | |||||
| WH | Bututun da aka yi birgima mai zafi (extrude) | Diamita na waje na al'ada (D) | <57 | 0.40 | ±0,30 | |
| 57 -325 | SW35 | ±0.75%D | ±0.5%D | |||
| S>35 | ±1%D | ±0.75%D | ||||
| >325 -6. | + 1%D ko + 5. Ɗauki ƙasa da ɗaya 一2 | |||||
| >600 | + 1%D ko + 7, Ɗauki ƙasa da ɗaya 一2 | |||||
| Kauri na Bango na Al'ada (S) | <4.0 | ±|・丨） | ±0.35 | |||
| >4.0-20 | + 12.5%S | ±10%S | ||||
| >20 | DV219 | ±10%S | ±7.5%S | |||
| 心219 | + 12.5%S -10%S | 土10%S | ||||
| WH | Bututun faɗaɗa zafi | Diamita na waje na al'ada (D) | duk | ±1%D | ±0.75%. |
| Kauri na Bango na Al'ada (S) | duk | + 20%S -10%S | + 15%S -io%s | ||
| WC | An ja shi da sanyi (na birgima) Ppipe | Diamita na waje na al'ada (D) | <25.4 | ±'L1j | — |
| >25.4 〜4() | ±0.20 | ||||
| >40 -50 | |:0.25 | — | |||
| >50 〜60 | ±0.30 | ||||
| >60 | ±0.5%D | ||||
| Kauri na Bango na Al'ada (S) | <3.0 | ±0.3 | ±0.2 | ||
| >3.0 | S | ±7.5%S |
Tsawon:
Tsawon bututun ƙarfe da aka saba amfani da shi shine 4 000 mm ~ 12 000 mm. Bayan tattaunawa tsakanin mai bayarwa da mai siye, kuma aka cike kwangilar, ana iya isar da shi bututun ƙarfe waɗanda tsayinsu ya fi 12 000 mm ko kuma ya fi guntu fiye da 1 000 mm amma ba ya fi guntu fiye da 3 000 mm ba; gajere tsawon. Adadin bututun ƙarfe ƙasa da 4,000 mm amma ba ƙasa da 3,000 mm ba zai wuce 5% na jimlar adadin bututun ƙarfe da aka kawo ba.
Nauyin isarwa:
Idan aka kawo bututun ƙarfe bisa ga diamita na waje da kauri na bango ko kuma diamita na ciki da kauri na bango, ana isar da bututun ƙarfe bisa ga ainihin nauyin. Haka kuma ana iya isar da shi bisa ga nauyin ka'ida.
Idan aka kawo bututun ƙarfe bisa ga diamita na waje da kuma mafi ƙarancin kauri na bango, ana isar da bututun ƙarfe bisa ga ainihin nauyin; ɓangarorin samar da kayayyaki da buƙata suna tattaunawa. Kuma an nuna hakan a cikin kwangilar. Hakanan ana iya isar da bututun ƙarfe bisa ga nauyin ka'ida.
Juriyar Nauyi:
Bisa ga buƙatun mai siye, bayan tattaunawa tsakanin mai kaya da mai siye, da kuma a cikin kwangilar, karkacewar da ke tsakanin ainihin nauyin da nauyin ka'idar bututun ƙarfe na isarwa zai cika waɗannan buƙatu:
a) Bututun ƙarfe ɗaya: ± 10%;
b) Kowace rukunin bututun ƙarfe mai ƙaramin girman t 10: ± 7.5%.
Gwajin Hydraustatic:
Ya kamata a gwada bututun ƙarfe ta hanyar amfani da na'urar haƙa rami ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Matsakaicin matsin lamba na gwaji shine 20 MPa. A ƙarƙashin matsin lamba na gwaji, lokacin daidaitawa bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da daƙiƙa 10 ba, kuma bututun ƙarfe bai kamata ya zube ba.
Bayan mai amfani ya yarda, ana iya maye gurbin gwajin hydraulic da gwajin eddy current ko gwajin zubar da ruwa na magnetic.
Gwajin da ba ya lalatawa:
Ya kamata a duba bututun da ke buƙatar ƙarin dubawa ta hanyar amfani da na'urar ultrasonic ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Bayan tattaunawar ta buƙaci amincewar ɓangaren kuma an ƙayyade ta a cikin kwangilar, za a iya ƙara wasu gwaje-gwaje marasa lalata.
Gwajin Faɗaɗawa:
Za a yi gwajin lanƙwasa bututun da diamita na waje ya fi mm 22. Bai kamata a ga ɓarnar da ke bayyana, ko kuma farar tabo, ko kuma ƙazanta a lokacin gwajin ba.
Gwajin Fashewa:
Bisa ga buƙatun mai siye da kuma waɗanda aka bayyana a cikin kwangilar, ana iya yin gwajin walƙiya ta bututun ƙarfe mai diamita na waje ≤76mm da kauri na bango ≤8mm. An yi gwajin a zafin ɗaki tare da taper na 60°. Bayan walƙiya, ƙimar walƙiya ta diamita na waje ya kamata ta cika buƙatun teburin da ke ƙasa, kuma kayan gwajin bai kamata su nuna tsagewa ko tsagewa ba.
| Nau'in Karfe
| Ƙarfin fitar da bututun ƙarfe/% na diamita na waje | ||
| Diamita na Ciki/Bayanin Ƙasa | |||
| <0.6 | >0.6 〜0.8 | >0.8 | |
| Karfe mai inganci mai ƙarfi | 10 | 12 | 17 |
| Karfe mai ƙarfe | 8 | 10 | 15 |
| • An ƙididdige diamita na ciki don samfurin. | |||
