ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ke kumukūʻai mākeke ma waena o nā paipu kila humuhumu lahilahi a me nā paipu kila humuhumu mānoanoa e pili nui ana i ke kaʻina hana, ke kumukūʻai o nā mea, ke kahua noi a me ke koi. Eia nā ʻokoʻa nui o ke kumukūʻai a me ka halihali:

1. ʻOkoʻa ke kumukūʻai mākeke
Paipu kila humuhumu lahilahi:

Kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa: Ma muli o ka mānoanoa o ka paia lahilahi, emi ka nui o nā mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia, a haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai hana.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia: Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā manawa me nā koi haʻahaʻa no ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa kaomi, e like me ke kūkulu ʻana, ka hoʻonaninani, ka lawe ʻana i ke kahe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, me ke koi nui o ka mākeke.

Nā loli liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai: Ma keʻano laulā, paʻa ke kumukūʻai a ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia e ka mākeke kila.

Paipu kila humuhumu ʻole me ka paia mānoanoa:

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe: Nui ka mānoanoa o ka pā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia, a paʻakikī ke kaʻina hana, e hopena ana i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.

Nā koi hana kiʻekiʻe: Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā kahua me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe a me nā koi ikaika kūkulu kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā lako mīkini, petrochemicals, boilers, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, me nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka ikaika compressive a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion.

Ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a me nā loli nui: Ma muli o ke koi paʻa no nā paipu kila mānoanoa ma nā kahua kikoʻī, loli nui ke kumukūʻai, ʻoiai ke piʻi aʻe ke kumukūʻai o nā mea kila maka.
2. Nā hana palekana no ka halihali
Paipu kila humuhumu lahilahi:

Maʻalahi ke hoʻololi: Ma muli o ka paia lahilahi o ka paipu, maʻalahi ke hoʻololi ʻia e nā mana o waho i ka wā o ka halihali ʻana, ʻoiai ke kāpili ʻia a me ke kau ʻana.
Kāohi i nā ʻōpala: He maʻalahi ka hōʻino ʻana o ka ʻili o nā paipu paia lahilahi, a pono e hana i nā hana pale kūpono, e like me ka uhi ʻana i ka ʻili me ka lole plastik a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea pale ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻopili paʻa: Pono e hoʻohana i nā kāʻei palupalu a i ʻole nā ​​​​kāʻei kila kūikawā e hoʻopili ai e pale aku i ka deformation o ke kino paipu ma muli o ka hoʻopaʻa nui ʻana.
Paipu kila humuhumu ʻole me ka paia mānoanoa:

Kaumaha kaumaha: He kaumaha nā paipu kila mānoanoa, a koi ʻia nā lako hāpai nui i ka wā o ka halihali ʻana, a pono e lawa ka hiki ke lawe i nā mea hana halihali.
Hoʻomoe paʻa: Ma muli o ke kaumaha o nā paipu kila, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ke kaulike a me ke kūpaʻa i ka wā o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i mea e pale aku ai i ka ʻōwili a i ʻole ka hiolo ʻana, ʻoiai i ka wā o ka halihali ʻana e pale aku ai i ka paheʻe a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻana.
Palekana o ka halihali: I ka wā o ka halihali lōʻihi, pono e uku ʻia ka nānā kūikawā i nā mea hana e like me nā pads anti-slip a me nā poloka kākoʻo ma waena o nā paipu kila e pale aku i ka pōʻino i hana ʻia e ka friction a me ka hopena.
He haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai o nā paipu kila humuhumu lahilahi, akā pono e uku ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka deformation a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ka ʻili i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana; ʻoiai ke kiʻekiʻe nei ke kumukūʻai o nā paipu kila humuhumu mānoanoa, pono e uku ʻia ka nānā kūikawā i ka palekana, ke kūpaʻa a me ka mālama kaumaha i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, pono e loiloi maoli ʻia nā paipu kila humuhumu me nā mea kūikawā a me nā kikoʻī.
ʻO nā paipu kila humuhumu nui ʻo Sanonpipe e pili ana i nā paipu paila, nā paipu mea hoʻomomona, nā paipu aila, a me nā paipu kūkulu.

1.Nā Paipu Paila40%
ASTM A335/A335M-2018: P5, P9, P11, P12, P22, P91, P92;GB/T5310-2017: 20g, 20mng, 25mng, 15mog, 20mog, 12crmog, 15crmog, 12cr2mog, 12crmovg;ASME SA-106/ SA-106M-2015: GR.B, CR.C; ASTMA210(A210M)-2012: SA210GrA1, SA210 GrC; ASME SA-213/SA-213M: T11, T12, T22, T23, T91, P92, T5, T9 , T21; GB/T 3087-2008: 10#, 20#;
2.paipu laina30%
API 5L: PSL 1, PSL 2;
3.Paipu petrochemical10%
GB9948-2006: 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12CrMoVG, 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG; GB6479-2013: 10, 20, 12CrMo, 15CrMo, 12Cr1MoV, 12Cr2Mo, 12Cr5Mo, 10MoWVNb, 12SiMoVN b;GB17396-2009:20, 45, 45Mn2;
4.paipu hoʻololi wela10%
ASME SA179/192/210/213: SA179/SA192/SA210A1.
SA210C/T11 T12, T22.T23, T91. T92
5.Paipu mīkini10%
GB/T8162: 10, 20, 35, 45, Q345, 42CrMo; ASTM-A519:1018, 1026, 8620, 4130, 4140; EN10210: S235GRHS275JOHS275J2H; ASTM-A53: GR.A GR.B