Machubu achitsulo opanda msoko a ma boilers amphamvu kwambiri mu GB/T5310-2017 Standard
| Muyezo:GB/T5310-2017 | Aloyi Kapena Ayi: Aloyi |
| Gulu la Giredi: 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG, ndi zina zotero | Ntchito: Chitoliro cha Boiler |
| Kunenepa: 1 - 100 mm | Chithandizo cha Pamwamba: Monga momwe kasitomala amafunira |
| Chidutswa chakunja (chozungulira): 10 - 1200 mm | Njira: Yotenthedwa Kwambiri |
| Utali: Kutalika kokhazikika kapena kutalika kosasinthika (6-12m) | Kutentha: Kuchepetsa/kubwezeretsa |
| Chigawo cha Gawo: Chozungulira | Chitoliro Chapadera: Chitoliro cha Boiler |
| Malo Oyambira: China | Kagwiritsidwe: Boiler ndi Heat Exchanger |
| Chitsimikizo: ISO9001:2008 | Mayeso: ECT/UT/Hydrau Static |
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga chitsulo chapamwamba cha kaboni, chitsulo chopangidwa ndi alloy ndi mapaipi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosagwira kutentha omwe amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosagwira kutentha kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa mapaipi odzaza ndi mpweya komanso pamwamba pa boiler.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa ntchito ya boiler yokhala ndi mphamvu yokwera komanso kutentha kwambiri (chubu cha Superheater, chubu chobwezeretsanso, chubu chowongolera mpweya, chubu chachikulu cha nthunzi cha boiler yokhala ndi mphamvu yokwera komanso yapamwamba kwambiri). Pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotentha kwambiri komanso nthunzi yamadzi, chubucho chidzasungunuka ndi kuwononga. Chitoliro chachitsulo chimafunika kuti chikhale cholimba kwambiri, cholimba kwambiri ku oxidation ndi dzimbiri, komanso chokhazikika bwino pa kapangidwe kake.
Kalasi ya chitsulo chapamwamba cha kaboni: 20g, 20mng, 25mng
Gulu la chitsulo chopangidwa ndi alloy: 15mog, 20mog, 12crmog, 15crmog, 12cr2mog, 12crmovg, 12cr3movsitib, etc.
Kalasi ya chitsulo chosagwira dzimbiri chopanda kutentha: 1cr18ni9 1cr18ni11nb
| Giredi | Ubwino Kalasi | Katundu wa Mankhwala | ||||||||||||||
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Nb | V | Ti | Cr | Ni | Cu | Nd | Mo | B | Als" | ||
| Osapitirira | mphindi | |||||||||||||||
| Q345 | A | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.30 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.012 | 0.10 | — | — | |||
| B | 0.035 | 0.035 | ||||||||||||||
| C | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.015 | ||||||||||
| D | 0.18 | 0.030 | 0.025 | |||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
| Q390 | A | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.07 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.3. | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.10 | — | — |
| B | 0.035 | 0.035 | ||||||||||||||
| C | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0,015 | |||||||||||||
| D | 0.030 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
| Q42O | A | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.07 | 0.2. | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.20 | — | — |
| B | 0.035 | 0.035 | ||||||||||||||
| C | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.015 | |||||||||||||
| D | 0.030 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
| Q46O | C | 0.20 | 0.60 | 1.80 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.20 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
| D | 0.030 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.020 | ||||||||||||||
| Q500 | C | 0.18 | 0.60 | 1.80 | 0.025 | 0.020 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.60 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.20 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
| D | 0.025 | 0.015 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.020 | 0.010 | ||||||||||||||
| Q550 | C | 0.18 | 0.60 | 2.00 | 0.025 | 0,020 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
| D | 0.025 | 0,015 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.020 | 0.010 | ||||||||||||||
| Q62O | C | 0.18 | 0.60 | 2.00 | 0.025 | 0.020 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.005 | 0.015 |
| D | 0.025 | 0.015 | ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.020 | 0.010 | ||||||||||||||
| Kupatula magiredi a Q345A ndi Q345B, chitsulocho chiyenera kukhala ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu za tirigu woyengedwa Al, Nb, V, ndi Ti. Malinga ndi zosowa, wogulitsa akhoza kuwonjezera chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo za tirigu woyengedwa, mtengo wake waukulu uyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira patebulo. Mukaphatikiza, Nb + V + Ti <0.22% °Pa magiredi a Q345, Q390, Q420 ndi Q46O, Mo + Cr <0.30% oPamene giredi iliyonse ya Cr ndi Ni ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chotsalira, zomwe zili mu Cr ndi Ni siziyenera kupitirira 0.30%; zikafunika kuwonjezeredwa, zomwe zili mkati mwake ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira patebulo kapena kutsimikiziridwa ndi wogulitsa ndi wogula kudzera mu kukambirana.J Ngati wogulitsa angatsimikizire kuti zomwe zili mu nayitrogeni zikukwaniritsa zofunikira patebulo, kusanthula zomwe zili mu nayitrogeni sikungachitike. Ngati Al, Nb, V, Ti ndi zinthu zina za alloy zokhala ndi nayitrogeni zikuwonjezeredwa ku chitsulocho, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni sikuli kokwanira. Kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni kuyenera kufotokozedwa mu satifiketi yaubwino. Mukagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu yonse, kuchuluka kwa aluminiyamu yonse AIt ^ 0.020% B | ||||||||||||||||
| No | Giredi | Katundu wa Makina | ||||
|
|
| Kulimba | Zotuluka | Wonjezerani | Mphamvu (J) | Manja |
| 1 | 20G | 410- | ≥ | 24/22% | 40/27 | — |
| 2 | 20MnG | 415- | ≥ | 22/20% | 40/27 | — |
| 3 | 25MnG | 485- | ≥ | 20/18% | 40/27 | — |
| 4 | 15MoG | 450- | ≥ | 22/20% | 40/27 | — |
| 6 | 12CrMoG | 410- | ≥ | 21/19% | 40/27 | — |
| 7 | 15CrMoG | 440- | ≥ | 21/19% | 40/27 | — |
| 8 | 12Cr2MoG | 450- | ≥ | 22/20% | 40/27 | — |
| 9 | 12Cr1MoVG | 470- | ≥ | 21/19% | 40/27 | — |
| 10 | 12Cr2MoWVTiB | 540- | ≥ | 18/-% | 40/- | — |
| 11 | 10Cr9Mo1VNbN | ≥ | ≥ | 20/16% | 40/27 | ≤ |
| 12 | 10Cr9MoW2VNbBN | ≥ | ≥ | 20/16% | 40/27 | ≤ |
Kukhuthala kwa Khoma ndi M'mimba mwake wakunja:
Ngati palibe zofunikira zapadera, chitolirocho chidzaperekedwa ngati mainchesi akunja abwinobwino komanso makulidwe a khoma abwinobwino.
| Kusankhidwa kwa gulu | Njira yopangira | Kukula kwa chitoliro | Kulekerera | |||
| Giredi yanthawi zonse | Giredi yapamwamba | |||||
| WH | Chitoliro chotentha chozungulira (extrude) | Chidutswa chakunja chachizolowezi (D) | <57 | Mtengo wa 0.40 | ± 0,30 | |
| 57 〜325 | SW35 | ± 0.75%D | ± 0.5%D | |||
| S>35 | ±1%D | ± 0.75%D | ||||
| >325〜6. | + 1%D kapena + 5. Tengani imodzi yocheperako 一 2 | |||||
| >600 | + 1%D kapena + 7, Tengani imodzi yocheperako 一 2 | |||||
| Kukhuthala Kwabwinobwino kwa Khoma (S) | <4.0 | ±|・丨） | ± 0.35 | |||
| >4.0-20 | + 12.5%S | ±10%S | ||||
| >20 | DV219 | ±10%S | ±7.5%S | |||
| 心219 | + 12.5%S -10%S | 土10%S | ||||
| WH | Chitoliro chokulitsa kutentha | Chidutswa chakunja chachizolowezi (D) | zonse | ±1%D | ± 0.75%. |
| Kukhuthala Kwabwinobwino kwa Khoma (S) | zonse | + 20%S -10%S | + 15%S -io%s | ||
| WC | Chokokedwa mozizira (chopindidwa) Pipe | Chidutswa chakunja chachizolowezi (D) | <25.4 | ±'L1j | — |
| >25.4 〜4() | ± 0.20 | ||||
| >40 〜50 | |:0.25 | — | |||
| >50 〜60 | ± 0.30 | ||||
| >60 | ± 0.5%D | ||||
| Kukhuthala Kwabwinobwino kwa Khoma (S) | <3.0 | ± 0.3 | ± 0.2 | ||
| >3.0 | S | ±7.5%S |
Utali:
Kutalika kwa mapaipi achitsulo nthawi zambiri ndi 4 000 mm ~ 12 000 mm. Pambuyo pokambirana pakati pa wogulitsa ndi wogula, ndikudzaza pangano, mapaipi achitsulo amatha kuperekedwa okhala ndi kutalika kopitilira 12 000 mm kapena ocheperapo kuposa 1 000 mm koma osachepera 3 000 mm; kutalika kochepa Chiwerengero cha mapaipi achitsulo osapitirira 4,000 mm koma osachepera 3,000 mm sichiyenera kupitirira 5% ya chiwerengero chonse cha mapaipi achitsulo omwe aperekedwa.
Kutumiza kulemera:
Pamene chitoliro chachitsulo chaperekedwa molingana ndi kukula kwa khoma kapena kukula kwa khoma, chitoliro chachitsulocho chimaperekedwa molingana ndi kulemera kwenikweni. Chingathenso kuperekedwa molingana ndi kulemera kwa chiphunzitso.
Pamene chitoliro chachitsulo chaperekedwa molingana ndi m'mimba mwake wakunja ndi makulidwe ocheperako a khoma, chitoliro chachitsulocho chaperekedwa molingana ndi kulemera kwenikweni; magulu opereka ndi ofunikira amakambirana. Ndipo zafotokozedwa mu mgwirizano. Chitoliro chachitsulocho chingaperekedwenso molingana ndi kulemera kwa chiphunzitso.
Kulekerera kulemera:
Malinga ndi zofunikira za wogula, pambuyo pa kukambirana pakati pa wogulitsa ndi wogula, komanso mu mgwirizano, kusiyana pakati pa kulemera kwenikweni ndi kulemera kwa chiphunzitso cha chitoliro chachitsulo chotumizira kudzakwaniritsa zofunikira izi:
a) Chitoliro chimodzi chachitsulo: ± 10%;
b) Chilichonse cha mapaipi achitsulo okhala ndi kukula kochepera 10 t: ± 7.5%.
Mayeso a Hydraustatic:
Chitoliro chachitsulo chiyenera kuyesedwa ndi madzimadzi chimodzi ndi chimodzi. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa mayeso ndi 20 MPa. Pansi pa kuthamanga kwa mayeso, nthawi yokhazikika iyenera kukhala osachepera masekondi 10, ndipo chitoliro chachitsulo sichiyenera kutuluka.
Wogwiritsa ntchito akavomereza, mayeso a hydraulic angalowe m'malo ndi mayeso a eddy current kapena mayeso a magnetic flux leak.
Mayeso Osawononga:
Mapaipi omwe amafunikira kufufuzidwa kwambiri ayenera kufufuzidwa ndi ultrasound imodzi ndi imodzi. Pambuyo poti kukambirana kumafuna chilolezo cha chipani ndipo kwafotokozedwa mu mgwirizano, mayeso ena osawononga akhoza kuwonjezeredwa.
Mayeso Ophwanyira:
Machubu okhala ndi mainchesi akunja opitilira 22 mm ayenera kuyesedwa kuti aphwanyidwe. Palibe kugawanika kooneka, madontho oyera, kapena zonyansa zomwe ziyenera kuchitika panthawi yonse yoyesera.
Mayeso Oyaka:
Malinga ndi zofunikira za wogula zomwe zanenedwa mu mgwirizano, chitoliro chachitsulo chokhala ndi mainchesi akunja ≤76mm ndi makulidwe a khoma ≤8mm chikhoza kuchitidwa mayeso a flaring. Kuyeseraku kunachitika kutentha kwa chipinda ndi taper ya 60 °. Pambuyo pa flaring, liwiro la flaring la mainchesi akunja liyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za tebulo lotsatira, ndipo zinthu zoyesera siziyenera kuwonetsa ming'alu kapena kusweka.
| Mtundu wa Chitsulo
| Chiwopsezo cha kuphulika kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chakunja/% | ||
| M'mimba mwake/m'mimba mwake wakunja | |||
| <0.6 | >0.6 〜0.8 | >0.8 | |
| Chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha kaboni | 10 | 12 | 17 |
| Chitsulo cha aloyi chopangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake | 8 | 10 | 15 |
| • M'mimba mwake wamkati umawerengedwa pa chitsanzocho. | |||
