Kufotokozera kwa API 5CT NINTH EDITION-2012 kwa Casing ndi Tubing
| Muyezo: API 5CT | Aloyi Kapena Ayi: Ayi |
| Gulu la Giredi: J55, K55, N80, L80, P110, ndi zina zotero | Ntchito: Chitoliro Chopaka Mafuta & Chophimba |
| Kunenepa: 1 - 100 mm | Chithandizo cha Pamwamba: Monga momwe kasitomala amafunira |
| Chidutswa chakunja (chozungulira): 10 - 1000 mm | Njira: Yotentha Yokulungidwa |
| Kutalika: R1, R2, R3 | Kutentha: Kuzimitsa & Kubwezeretsa |
| Chigawo cha Gawo: Chozungulira | Chitoliro Chapadera: Cholumikizira Chachifupi |
| Malo Oyambira: China | Kagwiritsidwe: Mafuta ndi Gasi |
| Chitsimikizo: ISO9001:2008 | Mayeso: NDT |
Ikani poyikiraApi5ctChimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pobowola zitsime za mafuta ndi gasi komanso kunyamula mafuta ndi gasi. Chidebe cha mafuta chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pothandizira khoma la dzenje panthawi yomanga ndi pambuyo pake kuti chitsime chizigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti chitsimecho chizigwira ntchito bwino.
Kalasi: J55, K55, N80, L80, P110, ndi zina zotero
| Giredi | Mtundu | C | Mn | Mo | Cr | Ni | Cu | P | s | Si | ||||
| mphindi | kuchuluka | mphindi | kuchuluka | mphindi | kuchuluka | mphindi | kuchuluka | kuchuluka | kuchuluka | kuchuluka | kuchuluka | kuchuluka | ||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| H40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.03 | — |
| J55 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.03 | — |
| K55 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.03 | — |
| N80 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.03 | 0.03 | — |
| N80 | Q | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.03 | 0.03 | — |
| R95 | — | — | 0.45 c | — | 1.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.45 |
| L80 | 1 | — | 0.43 a | — | 1.9 | — | — | — | — | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.45 |
| L80 | 9Cr | — | 0.15 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0 90 | 1.1 | 8 | 10 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 1 |
| L80 | 13Cr | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 1 | — | — | 12 | 14 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 1 |
| C90 | 1 | — | 0.35 | — | 1.2 | 0.25 b | 0.85 | — | 1.5 | 0.99 | — | 0.02 | 0.03 | — |
| T95 | 1 | — | 0.35 | — | 1.2 | 0.25 b | 0.85 | 0 40 | 1.5 | 0.99 | — | 0 020 | 0.01 | — |
| C110 | — | — | 0.35 | — | 1.2 | 0.25 | 1 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.99 | — | 0.02 | 0.005 | — |
| P1I0 | e | — | 一 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.030 e | 0.030 e | — |
| QI25 | 1 | — | 0.35 | 1.35 | — | 0.85 | — | 1.5 | 0.99 | — | 0.02 | 0.01 | — | |
| ZINDIKIRANI Zinthu zomwe zawonetsedwa ziyenera kufotokozedwa mu kusanthula kwa malonda | ||||||||||||||
| Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa L80 kungawonjezeke mpaka 0.50% ngati chinthucho chazimitsidwa ndi mafuta kapena chozimitsidwa ndi polima. | ||||||||||||||
| b Kuchuluka kwa molybdenum kwa mtundu wa C90 Type 1 sikungatheke ngati makulidwe a khoma ndi ochepera 17.78 mm. | ||||||||||||||
| Mpweya wa kaboni wa R95 ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa mpaka 0.55% ngati chinthucho chazimitsidwa ndi mafuta. | ||||||||||||||
| d Kuchuluka kwa molybdenum kwa T95 Type 1 kungachepe kufika pa 0.15% ngati makulidwe a khoma ndi ochepera 17.78 mm. | ||||||||||||||
| Pa EW Grade P110, kuchuluka kwa phosphorous kuyenera kukhala 0.020% ndipo kuchuluka kwa sulfure kuyenera kukhala 0.010%. | ||||||||||||||
| Giredi | Mtundu | Kutalika Konse Pansi pa Katundu | Mphamvu Yopereka | Kulimba kwamakokedwe | Kuumaa,c | Kunenepa kwa Khoma | Kusintha Kovomerezeka kwa Kuumab | ||
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| mphindi | kuchuluka |
| HRC | HBW | mm | HRC |
| H40 | — | 0.5 | 276 | 552 | 414 | — | — | — | — |
| J55 | — | 0.5 | 379 | 552 | 517 | — | — | — | — |
| K55 | — | 0.5 | 379 | 552 | 655 | — | — | — | — |
| N80 | 1 | 0.5 | 552 | 758 | 689 | — | — | — | — |
| N80 | Q | 0.5 | 552 | 758 | 689 | — | — | — | — |
| R95 | — | 0.5 | 655 | 758 | 724 | — | — | — | — |
| L80 | 1 | 0.5 | 552 | 655 | 655 | 23.0 | 241.0 | — | — |
| L80 | 9Cr | 0.5 | 552 | 655 | 655 | 23.0 | 241.0 | — | — |
| L80 | l3Cr | 0.5 | 552 | 655 | 655 | 23.0 | 241.0 | — | — |
| C90 | 1 | 0.5 | 621 | 724 | 689 | 25.4 | 255.0 | ≤12.70 | 3.0 |
| 12.71 mpaka 19.04 | 4.0 | ||||||||
| 19.05 mpaka 25.39 | 5.0 | ||||||||
| ≥25.4 | 6.0 | ||||||||
| T95 | 1 | 0.5 | 655 | 758 | 724 | 25.4 | 255 | ≤12.70 | 3.0 |
| 12.71 mpaka 19.04 | 4.0 | ||||||||
| 19.05 mpaka 25.39 | 5.0 | ||||||||
| ≥25.4 | 6.0 | ||||||||
| C110 | — | 0.7 | 758 | 828 | 793 | 30.0 | 286.0 | ≤12.70 | 3.0 |
| 12.71 mpaka 19.04 | 4.0 | ||||||||
| 19.05 mpaka 25.39 | 5.0 | ||||||||
| ≥25.4 | 6.0 | ||||||||
| P110 | — | 0.6 | 758 | 965 | 862 | — | — | — | — |
| Q125 | 1 | 0.65 | 862 | 1034 | 931 | b | — | ≤12.70 | 3.0 |
| 12.71 mpaka 19.04 | 4.0 | ||||||||
| 19.05 | 5.0 | ||||||||
| aNgati pali mkangano, mayeso a Rockwell C oyeserera kuuma ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yowunikira. | |||||||||
| bPalibe malire a kuuma omwe atchulidwa, koma kusiyana kwakukulu kumaletsedwa ngati njira yowongolera kupanga malinga ndi 7.8 ndi 7.9. | |||||||||
| cPa mayeso a kuuma kwa ma Giredi L80 (mitundu yonse), C90, T95 ndi C110, zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa mu sikelo ya HRC ndi za kuchuluka kwa kuuma kwapakati. | |||||||||
Kuwonjezera pa kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwala ndi kapangidwe kake kake kamakhala kotani, mayeso a hydrostatic amachitidwa kamodzi ndi kamodzi, ndipo mayeso a flaring ndi flattening amachitidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zofunikira zina za microstructure, kukula kwa tirigu, ndi decarburization wosanjikiza wa chitoliro chachitsulo chomalizidwa.
Mayeso Olimba:
1. Pa zinthu zopangidwa ndi chitsulo, wopanga ayenera kuchita mayeso omangika. Pa chitoliro cholumikizidwa ndi magetsi, chomwe chimasankhidwa ndi wopanga, mayeso omangika amatha kuchitika pa mbale yachitsulo yomwe inkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitoliro kapena yopangidwa mwachindunji pa chitoliro chachitsulo. Mayeso ochitidwa pa chinthu angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati mayeso a chinthu.
2. Machubu oyesera ayenera kusankhidwa mwachisawawa. Ngati pakufunika mayeso angapo, njira yotsanzira iyenera kuonetsetsa kuti zitsanzo zomwe zatengedwa zitha kuyimira chiyambi ndi mapeto a kayendedwe ka kutentha (ngati kuli koyenera) komanso malekezero onse a chubu. Ngati pakufunika mayeso angapo, kapangidwe kake kayenera kutengedwa kuchokera m'machubu osiyanasiyana kupatula kuti chitsanzo cha chubu chokhuthala chingatengedwe kuchokera kumalekezero onse a chubu.
3. Chitsanzo cha chitoliro chopanda msoko chingatengedwe pamalo aliwonse ozungulira chitolirocho; chitsanzo cha chitoliro cholumikizidwa chiyenera kutengedwa pa madigiri pafupifupi 90 kufika pa msoko wolumikizidwa, kapena malinga ndi zomwe wopanga akufuna. Zitsanzo zimatengedwa pamlingo wa pafupifupi kotala la m'lifupi mwa mzerewo.
4. Kaya kuyesa kusanachitike komanso pambuyo pake, ngati kukonzekera kwa chitsanzo kwapezeka kuti kuli ndi vuto kapena palibe zipangizo zogwirizana ndi cholinga cha kuyesa, chitsanzocho chikhoza kuchotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi chitsanzo china chopangidwa kuchokera ku chubu chomwecho.
5. Ngati mayeso okakamiza omwe akuyimira gulu la zinthu sakukwaniritsa zofunikira, wopanga angatenge machubu ena atatu kuchokera mu gulu lomwelo la machubu kuti akawunikenso.
Ngati mayeso onse obwerezabwereza a zitsanzo akwaniritsa zofunikira, gulu la machubu lidzakhala loyenerera kupatula chubu chosayenerera chomwe chinayesedwa poyamba.
Ngati zitsanzo zoposa chimodzi zatengedwa koyamba kapena zitsanzo chimodzi kapena zingapo kuti ziyesedwenso sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa, wopanga akhoza kuyang'ana gulu la machubu limodzi ndi limodzi.
Gulu la zinthu zomwe zakanidwa likhoza kutenthedwanso ndikukonzedwanso ngati gulu latsopano.
Mayeso Ophwanyira:
1. Chitsanzo choyesera chiyenera kukhala mphete yoyesera kapena chodulidwa cha kumapeto kwa 63.5mm (2-1 / 2in).
2. Zitsanzo zitha kudulidwa musanazigwiritse ntchito kutentha, koma ziyenera kusinthidwa kutentha komweko monga momwe chitolirocho chikuyimira. Ngati mayeso a batch agwiritsidwa ntchito, njira ziyenera kutengedwa kuti zizindikire ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa chitsanzocho ndi chubu choyesera. Uvuni uliwonse mu batch iliyonse uyenera kuphwanyidwa.
3. Chitsanzocho chiyenera kuphwanyidwa pakati pa mbale ziwiri zofanana. Mu seti iliyonse ya zitsanzo zoyesera zophwanyidwa, weld imodzi inaphwanyidwa pa 90 ° ndipo inayo inaphwanyidwa pa 0 °. Chitsanzocho chiyenera kuphwanyidwa mpaka makoma a chubu atakhudzana. Mtunda pakati pa mbale zofanana usanakwane mtengo womwe watchulidwa, palibe ming'alu kapena kusweka komwe kuyenera kuwonekera mbali iliyonse ya chitsanzocho. Pa nthawi yonse yophwanyidwa, sipayenera kukhala kapangidwe koyipa, ma weld osasakanikirana, delamination, kuwotcha kwambiri zitsulo, kapena kutulutsa zitsulo.
4. Kaya kuyesa kusanachitike komanso pambuyo pake, ngati kukonzekera kwa chitsanzo kwapezeka kuti kuli ndi vuto kapena palibe zipangizo zogwirizana ndi cholinga cha kuyesa, chitsanzocho chikhoza kuchotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi chitsanzo china chopangidwa kuchokera ku chubu chomwecho.
5. Ngati chitsanzo chilichonse choyimira chubu sichikukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa, wopanga angatenge chitsanzo kuchokera kumapeto komweko kwa chubu kuti akayesedwe kowonjezera mpaka zofunikirazo zitakwaniritsidwa. Komabe, kutalika kwa chitoliro chomalizidwa pambuyo poyesa sikuyenera kukhala kochepera 80% ya kutalika koyambirira. Ngati chitsanzo chilichonse cha chubu choyimira gulu la zinthu sichikukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa, wopanga angatenge machubu awiri owonjezera kuchokera mu gulu la zinthu ndikudula zitsanzozo kuti akayesedwenso. Ngati zotsatira za mayeso obwerezabwereza onsewa zikukwaniritsa zofunikira, gulu la machubu ndi loyenerera kupatula chubu chomwe chidasankhidwa poyamba ngati chitsanzo. Ngati zitsanzo zilizonse zoyesedwanso sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa, wopanga angatenge machubu otsala a gululo limodzi ndi limodzi. Mwa kusankha kwa wopanga, gulu lililonse la machubu likhoza kutenthedwanso ndikuyesedwanso ngati gulu latsopano la machubu.
Mayeso a Zotsatira:
1. Pa machubu, zitsanzo ziyenera kutengedwa kuchokera ku gawo lililonse (pokhapokha ngati njira zolembedwa zawonetsedwa kuti zikukwaniritsa zofunikira za malamulo). Ngati dongosololi lili pa A10 (SR16), kuyesako ndi kofunikira.
2. Pa chivundikiro, mapaipi atatu achitsulo ayenera kutengedwa kuchokera mu gulu lililonse kuti akayesedwe. Machubu oyesera ayenera kusankhidwa mwachisawawa, ndipo njira yotsanzira zitsanzo iyenera kuonetsetsa kuti zitsanzo zomwe zaperekedwa zitha kuyimira chiyambi ndi mapeto a kayendedwe ka kutentha komanso malekezero akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa chikwama panthawi yokonza kutentha.
3. Kuyesa kwa Charpy V-notch impact
4. Kaya kuyesa kusanachitike komanso pambuyo pake, ngati kukonzekera kwa chitsanzo kwapezeka kuti kuli ndi vuto kapena palibe zipangizo zogwirizana ndi cholinga cha kuyesa, chitsanzocho chikhoza kuchotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi chitsanzo china chopangidwa kuchokera ku chubu chomwecho. Zitsanzo siziyenera kungoonedwa kuti zili ndi vuto chifukwa chakuti sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira zochepa za mphamvu zomwe zimatengedwa.
5. Ngati zotsatira za zitsanzo zoposa chimodzi zili zochepa kuposa mphamvu yocheperako yomwe imayamwa, kapena zotsatira za chitsanzo chimodzi zili zochepa kuposa 2/3 ya mphamvu yocheperako yomwe imayamwa, zitsanzo zina zitatu ziyenera kutengedwa kuchokera ku chidutswa chomwecho ndikuyesedwanso. Mphamvu ya mphamvu ya chitsanzo chilichonse choyesedwanso iyenera kukhala yayikulu kapena yofanana ndi mphamvu yocheperako yomwe imayamwa.
6. Ngati zotsatira za kuyesa kwina sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira ndipo zofunikira za kuyesa kwatsopano sizikukwaniritsidwa, ndiye kuti zitsanzo zina zitatu zimatengedwa kuchokera ku zidutswa zina zitatu za gulu lililonse. Ngati zofunikira zonse zowonjezera zikukwaniritsa zofunikira, gululo limakhala loyenerera kupatula lomwe linalephera poyamba. Ngati zidutswa zowunikira zoposa chimodzi sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira, wopanga angasankhe kuwunika zidutswa zotsala za gululo chimodzi ndi chimodzi, kapena kutenthetsanso gululo ndikuyang'ananso mu gulu latsopano.
7. Ngati zinthu zitatu zoyambirira zomwe zimafunika kutsimikizira kuti pali ziyeneretso zambiri zakanidwa, kuyang'ananso sikuloledwa kuti kutsimikizire kuti machubu onse ndi oyenerera. Wopanga angasankhe kuyang'ana machubu otsalawo pang'onopang'ono, kapena kutenthetsanso machubuwo ndikuwunikanso mu gulu latsopano.
Mayeso a Hydrostatic:
1. Chitoliro chilichonse chiyenera kuyesedwa ndi hydrostatic pressure ya chitoliro chonse pambuyo pokhuthala (ngati kuli koyenera) ndi kutentha komaliza (ngati kuli koyenera), ndipo chiyenera kufika pa hydrostatic pressure yomwe yatchulidwa popanda kutayikira. Nthawi yoyesera yogwira pressure inali yosakwana 5s. Pa mapaipi olumikizidwa, ma weld a mapaipi ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ngati akutayikira pansi pa test pressure. Pokhapokha ngati mayeso onse a chitoliro achitika pasadakhale pa pressure yomwe ikufunika kuti chitoliro chikhale chomaliza, fakitale yokonza ulusi iyenera kuchita hydrostatic test (kapena kukonza mayeso otere) pa chitoliro chonse.
2. Mapaipi omwe ayenera kutenthedwa ayenera kuyesedwa ndi hydrostatic pambuyo pa kutentha komaliza. Kuthamanga kwa mayeso a mapaipi onse okhala ndi malekezero a ulusi kuyenera kukhala osachepera kuthamanga kwa mayeso a ulusi ndi zolumikizira.
3. Pambuyo pokonza mpaka kukula kwa chitoliro chophwanyika chomwe chamalizidwa ndi malo olumikizirana afupiafupi omwe amakonzedwa ndi kutentha, mayeso a hydrostatic ayenera kuchitika pambuyo pa mbali yophwanyika kapena ulusi.
Chidutswa chakunja:
| Malo ozungulira | Tolerane |
| 4-1/2 | ± 0.79mm（± 0.031in） |
| ≥4-1/2 | +1%OD~-0.5%OD |
Pa chubu cholumikizira cholumikizidwa chokhuthala chokhala ndi kukula kocheperako kapena kofanana ndi 5-1 / 2, zololera zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mtunda wakunja wa thupi la chitoliro mkati mwa mtunda wa pafupifupi 127mm (5.0in) pafupi ndi gawo lokhuthala; Zololera zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mtunda wakunja wa chubu mkati mwa mtunda wofanana ndi mtunda wa chubu pafupi ndi gawo lokhuthala.
| Malo ozungulira | Kulekerera |
| ≤3-1/2 | +2.38mm~-0.79mm（+3/32in~-1/32in） |
| ＞3-1/2~≤5 | +2.78mm~-0.75%OD (+7/64in~-0.75%OD) |
| ＞5~≤8 5/8 | +3.18mm~-0.75%OD (+1/8in~-0.75%OD) |
| ＞8 5/8 | +3.97mm~-0.75%OD (+5/32in~-0.75%OD) |
Pa chubu chokhuthala chakunja chokhala ndi kukula kwa 2-3 / 8 kapena kuposerapo, zolekerera zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mainchesi akunja a chitoliro chomwe chakhuthala ndipo makulidwe amasintha pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kumapeto kwa chitolirocho.
| Rang | Kulekerera |
| ≥2-3/8~≤3-1/2 | +2.38mm~-0.79mm（+3/32in~-1/32in） |
| ＞3-1/2~≤4 | +2.78mm~-0.79mm (+7/64in~-1/32in) |
| ＞4 | +2.78mm~-0.75%OD (+7/64in~-0.75%OD) |
Makulidwe a Wall:
Kulekerera kwa makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro ndi -12.5%
Kulemera:
Tebulo lotsatirali ndi zofunikira pa kupirira kulemera. Ngati makulidwe a khoma osachepera omwe atchulidwa ndi akulu kuposa kapena ofanana ndi 90% ya makulidwe a khoma omwe atchulidwa, malire apamwamba a kulekerera kulemera kwa muzu umodzi ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kufika pa + 10%
| Kuchuluka | Kulekerera |
| Chidutswa Chimodzi | +6.5~-3.5 |
| Kulemera kwa Galimoto≥18144kg（40000lb） | -1.75% |
| Kulemera kwa Galimoto ＜18144kg（40000lb） | -3.5% |
| Kuchuluka kwa Oda≥18144kg（40000lb） | -1.75% |
| Kuchuluka kwa Oda ＜18144kg （40000lb） | -3.5% |
