Sezvo European Union (EU) iri kuwedzera zvinangwa zvayo zvemamiriro ekunze, kuiswa kwemitero pasi peCarbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) kunoratidza shanduko huru mukutengeserana kwenyika dzepasi rose. Maindasitiri ekuAustralia, kunyanya ayo anobatanidzwa muzvinhu zvinoshandisa kabhoni yakawanda zvakaita sesimbi, aruminiyamu, simende, fetereza, uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, anotarisirwa kutarisana nematambudziko matsva nezvisungo nekuda kwenzira iyi. CBAM, ine chinangwa chekugadzirisa nyaya yekubuda kwekabhoni, inogona kuchinja Australia.'mamiriro ekunze kwenyika ukuwo vachiisa zvinodiwa zvakaoma pakuyera nekushuma nezveutsi hwecarbon.

Kunzwisisa EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)

CBAM inzira yemitero yakagadzirirwa kuenzanisa maindasitiri eEU ari kutarisana nemitengo yakakwira yekugadzira nekuda kwemitemo yakaoma yemamiriro ekunze. Inoedza kudzivirira kubuda kwekabhoni—uko mabhizinesi anotamisa kugadzirwa kwemhepo inotonhorera zvakanyanya kunyika dzisina mitemo yemamiriro ekunze yakanyanya kuomarara—nekuisa mutero pazvinhu zvinopinzwa kunze kwenyika izvo zvisingakwanise kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza nharaunda zvakaenzana. Sisitimu iyi yakanangana nezvikamu zvakakosha zvakaita sesimende, simbi, simbi, aruminiyamu, fetereza, magetsi, uye hydrogen, izvo zvinowanzo shandiswa zvakanyanya kushandisa kabhoni.

Kunyange hazvo CBAM ichikwanisa kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwakachena munyika dzisiri dzeEU, zvinopa mutoro kune vanotumira kunze kwenyika vekuAustralia. Maitiro aya anotarisirwa kutanga muzvikamu, nenguva yekuchinja inotanga musi wa1 Gumiguru 2023. Munguva iyi, vanopinza EU vanofanirwa kutaura nezvekuburitswa kwecarbon muzvinhu zvavanotenga. Zvisinei, kudzoserwa kwezvitupa zveCBAM kuchatanga muna Ndira 2026, zvichipa mabhizinesi nguva yekuvandudza kuyera kwavo kuburitswa kwecarbon uye nzira dzekushuma.

Zvinoreva Kushanda KweAustralia

Iyo CBAM'Sumo iyi inoreva kuti maindasitiri ekuAustralia ari kutumira kunze kwenyika kuEU achasangana neshanduko mbiri dzakakosha:

Mitero yezvinhu zvinotengeswa nekabhoni yakawanda: Zvigadzirwa zvakaita sesimbi, simende, uye fetereza, izvo zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuAustralia, hazvichawani mukana wemutengo kana zvichitengeswa nekabhoni yakawanda. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mitero yeEU pazvinhu izvi inogona kukonzera kudzikira kwekudiwa kwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kuAustralia kuenda kuEU, nevatengi vekuEurope vachisarudza zvigadzirwa zvinobva kunzvimbo dzine mitengo yakaoma yekabhoni kana kuti dzine carbon footprint yakaderera.

Zvinodiwa paData reGreenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions: Kuti vanopinza zvinhu muEU vatevedzere CBAM, vachada data rakarurama reGHG rezvigadzirwa zvavanotenga kunze kwenyika. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanotumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika muAustralia vachafanira kutanga kuyera nekuzivisa nezvemagasi avo anokonzera utsi zvichienderana nenzira dzinoenderana nezvinodiwa neCBAM.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zveCBAM kudiwa kwayo kwedata rakadzama reutsi hunobva kune vasiri vemuEU. Kusvika chikamu chekuchinja chapera, kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekuverenga utsi hunobva mumhepo, uye mabhizinesi ekuAustralia anofanira kuchinjika kune nzira idzi kuti arambe achikwikwidzana mumusika weEU.

Kugadzirira Remangwana

Zvichienderana nekukosha kuri kuramba kuchiita data remagasi anoburitsa mweya pasi peCBAM, maindasitiri ekuAustralia anofanira kutanga kuyera magasi anoburitsa mweya achitevedzera mitemo yeEU. Izvi zvinoda kuteverwa kwakarurama uye kushuma magasi anoburitsa mweya mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira kuisa mari mumatekinoroji matsva ekutarisa kana kugadzirisa masisitimu aripo.

Kudiwa kwekutevedzera mitemo iyi hakusi kungodzivirira mitengo chete—it'nezvekuona kuti maindasitiri ekuAustralia anoramba achikwikwidzana mumisika yepasi rose. Sezvo nyika nemakambani ekutengeserana akaita seEU neUnited States vari kufambira mberi kumitemo yakasimba yekupisa utsi, kugona kutaura nekuderedza kuburitsa kabhoni kuchava chinhu chakakosha mukuchengetedza mukana wemusika uye kuchengetedza hukama hwekutengeserana kwenyika dzese.

Mhedziso: Kudanwa Kwekuita Basa Kwemaindasitiri eAustralia

Muchokwadi, maindasitiri eAustralia anofanirwa kushandisa accounting yeutsi hunobuda mumhepo inotevera mitemo nemitemo yepasi rose achishandisa nzira dzakagadzirwa mune dzimwe nyika.'kugadziriswa kwecarbon mumuganhu (semuenzaniso, kushuma kweEU neUK CBAMs), uye kuyerwa zvichienderana nemirairo yeIPCC methodological.

CBAM inopa dambudziko pamwe nemukana kumaindasitiri ekuAustralia. Kunyange hazvo dambudziko riripo ringave kuunzwa kwemitero, kukanganisa kwenguva refu kuchava kudiwa kuri kukura kwedata rakarurama uye rakajeka reutsi hunobuda. Vatengesi vekuAustralia vanofanirwa kutanga kushandisa nzira dzekuyera dzinodiwa neEU izvozvi, kuitira kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti vanotevedzera mitemo uye vachengetedze chinzvimbo chavo mumusika weEurope.

Mumakore anotevera, CBAM ingangove muenzaniso kune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri kutsvaga kugadzirisa kubuda kwekabhoni uye kukurudzira maitiro eindasitiri akachena. KuAustralia, izvi zvinoreva kugadzirira mitoro yekushuma nezvekugadzirwa kwekabhoni iyo ichagara iri tsika mukutengeserana kwenyika dzese. Avo vanoita nekukurumidza kuyera, kushuma, uye kuderedza kugadzirwa kwekabhoni vachave munzvimbo iri nani yekubudirira muhupfumi hwepasi rose husina kabhoni yakawanda.