Phapang thekong ea 'maraka pakeng tsa liphaephe tsa tšepe tse se nang sekoli tse nang le mabota a masesaane le liphaephe tsa tšepe tse se nang sekoli tse nang le mabota a teteaneng haholo-holo e itšetlehile ka ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso, litšenyehelo tsa thepa, tšimo ea kopo le tlhoko. Tse latelang ke liphapang tsa tsona tse kholo thekong le lipalangoang:

1. Phapang ea theko ea 'maraka
Phaephe ea tšepe e se nang sekoli e nang le mabota a masesaane:

Litšenyehelo tse tlase: Ka lebaka la botenya ba lebota bo mosesaane, ho sebelisoa thepa e tala e fokolang, 'me litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso li tlase haholo.

E sebelisoa haholo: E sebelisoa haholo-holo maemong a nang le litlhoko tse tlase tsa matla le ho hanyetsa khatello, joalo ka kaho, mekhabiso, lipalangoang tsa metsi, jj., ka tlhoko e kholo ea 'maraka.

Ho feto-fetoha ha theko e nyane: Ka kakaretso, theko e tsitsitse mme e angoa haholo ke mmaraka wa tshepe.

Phaephe ea tšepe e se nang sekoli e nang le mabota a teteaneng:

Litšenyehelo tse phahameng: Botenya ba lebota bo boholo, ho sebelisoa thepa e tala e ngata, 'me ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e rarahane, e leng se fellang ka litšenyehelo tse phahameng.

Litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso: E sebelisoa hangata masimong a nang le khatello e phahameng le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa matla a sebopeho, joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa mechini, lik'hemik'hale tsa petrochemical, liboiler, jj., ka litlhoko tse phahameng tsa matla a khatello le ho hanyetsa mafome.

Theko e phahameng le ho feto-fetoha ho hoholo: Ka lebaka la tlhoko e thata ea liphaephe tsa tšepe tse nang le mabota a teteaneng masimong a itseng, theko e fetoha haholo, haholo-holo ha theko ea lisebelisoa tse tala tsa tšepe e nyoloha.
2. Mehato ea ho itšireletsa ea lipalangoang
Phaephe ea tšepe e se nang sekoli e nang le mabota a masesaane:

Ho bonolo ho e fetola sebopeho: Ka lebaka la lebota le lesesaane la phaephe, ho bonolo ho e fetola sebopeho ke matla a kantle nakong ea lipalangoang, haholo-holo ha ho kopanngoa le ho hlongoa.
Thibela ho ngoatheha: Bokaholimo ba liphaephe tse nang le mabota a masesaane bo senyeha habonolo, 'me mehato e loketseng ea tšireletso e lokela ho nkuoa, joalo ka ho koahela bokaholimo ka lesela la polasetiki kapa thepa e 'ngoe ea tšireletso.
Ho tlamahana ho tsitsitseng: Ho hlokahala ho sebedisa mabanta a bonolo kapa mabanta a khethehileng a tshepe ho tlamahana ho qoba ho fetoha ha mmele wa phaephe ka lebaka la ho tiya ho feteletseng.
Phaephe ea tšepe e se nang sekoli e nang le mabota a teteaneng:

Boima bo boima: Liphaephe tsa tšepe tse nang le mabota a teteaneng li boima, 'me ho hlokahala lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa ho phahamisa nakong ea lipalangoang, 'me lisebelisoa tsa lipalangoang li hloka ho ba le bokhoni bo lekaneng ba ho jara.
Ho bokellana ho tsitsitseng: Ka lebaka la boima bo boholo ba liphaephe tsa tšepe, ho leka-lekana le botsitso li lokela ho nahanoa nakong ea ho bokellana ho qoba ho thellisa kapa ho thekesela, haholo-holo nakong ea lipalangoang ho thibela ho thella kapa ho thulana.
Polokeho ea lipalangoang: Nakong ea lipalangoang tsa maeto a malelele, tlhokomelo e khethehileng e lokela ho lefshoa lisebelisoa tse kang li-pad tse thibelang ho thella le li-block tsa tšehetso lipakeng tsa liphaephe tsa tšepe ho qoba tšenyo e bakoang ke khohlano le tšusumetso.
Theko ea liphaephe tsa tšepe tse se nang mohele tse nang le mabota a masesaane e tlase haholo, empa tlhokomelo e lokela ho lefshoa ho thibela ho fetoha le tšenyo ea bokaholimo nakong ea lipalangoang; ha theko ea liphaephe tsa tšepe tse se nang mohele tse nang le mabota a teteaneng e le holimo, 'me tlhokomelo e khethehileng e lokela ho lefshoa polokehong, botsitso le taolo ea boima nakong ea lipalangoang. Leha ho le joalo, liphaephe tsa tšepe tse se nang mohele tse nang le thepa le litlhaloso tse khethehileng li ntse li hloka ho hlahlojoa.
Liphaephe tse kholo tsa tšepe tse se nang mohele tsa Sanonpipe li kenyelletsa liphaephe tsa boiler, liphaephe tsa manyolo, liphaephe tsa oli le liphaephe tsa sebopeho.

1.Liphaephe tsa Boiler40%
ASTM A335/ A335M-2018: P5, P9, P11, P12, P22, P91, P92;GB/T5310-2017: 20g, 20mng, 25mng, 15mog, 20mog, 12crmog, 15crmog, 12cr2mog, 12crmog;ASME SA-106/ SA-106M-2015: GR.B, CR.C; ASTMA210(A210M)-2012: SA210GrA1, SA210 GrC; ASME SA-213/SA-213M: T11, T12, T22, T23, T91, P92, T5, T9 , T21; GB/T 3087-2008: 10 #, 20 #;
2.phaephe ea mohala30%
API 5L: PSL 1, PSL 2;
3.Phaephe ea Petrochemical10%
GB9948-2006: 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12CrMoVG, 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG; GB6479-2013: 10, 20, 12CrMo, 15CrMo, 12Cr1MoV, 12Cr2Mo, 12Cr5Mo, 10MoWVNb, 12SiMoVN b;GB17396-2009:20, 45, 45Mn2;
4.phaephe ea phapanyetsano ea mocheso10%
ASME SA179/192/210/213: SA179/SA192/SA210A1.
SA210C/T11 T12, T22.T23, T91. T92
5.Phaephe ea mechini10%
GB/T8162: 10, 20, 35, 45, Q345, 42CrMo; ASTM-A519:1018, 1026, 8620, 4130, 4140; EN10210: S235GRHS275JOHS275J2H; ASTM-A53: GR.A GR.B