Njengoko iholide iphelile, siphinde saqala umsebenzi oqhelekileyo. Enkosi ngenkxaso yenu nokuqonda kwenu ngexesha leholide. Ngoku, sijonge phambili ekuqhubekeni nokuninika iinkonzo ezisebenzayo nezisemgangathweni ophezulu.
Njengoko imeko yemarike itshintsha, siqaphele ukuba amaxabiso aqhubekile nokunyuka kutshanje. Ukuze siqinisekise ukuba sinokuqhubeka nokubonelela ngeemveliso kunye neenkonzo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu, amaxabiso ee-odolo ezithile anokufuna ukulungiswa.
Ngoko ke, sicela ukuba niqaphele le micimbi ilandelayo xa nibeka ii-odolo:
1. Unxibelelwano olufike ngexesha: Ukuba uneodolo ekuxoxiswana ngayo okanye eza kwenziwa, nceda unxibelelane neqela lethu ngokukhawuleza ukuqinisekisa ulwazi lwamva nje lwamaxabiso.
2. Uhlengahlengiso lwamaxabiso: Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwemarike, ixabiso lezinye ii-odolo linokutshintsha. Siza kuzama konke okusemandleni ethu ukugcina ixabiso lifanelekile kwaye sililungise ngexesha ngokwemeko ethile.
3. Ukucaca kunye nenkxaso: Sizimisele ukugcina ukucaca ekuhlengahlengisweni kwamaxabiso kunye nokubonelela ngeenkcazo ezineenkcukacha zotshintsho lwamaxabiso. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye ufuna ulwazi oluthe kratya, nceda unxibelelane nathi.
Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo ngumbhobho wentsimbi ongenazo ii-welds, osetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino. Iimpawu zawo eziphambili zinamandla okuthwala uxinzelelo, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, kunye namandla aphezulu okugoba, ngoko ke usebenza kakuhle kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo ezifana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu. Inkqubo yokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo yahlulwe yangamanyathelo aliqela abalulekileyo, kwaye ulawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho lwenziwa ukusuka ekucutshungulweni kwezinto eziluhlaza ukuya kwimveliso yokugqibela.
Inkqubo yemveliso
Ukuveliswa kwemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo kuqala ngeebhilethi zentsimbi ezingqukuva. Iibhilethi zentsimbi ezingqukuva zifudunyezwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1200℃ kwisithando sobushushu kwaye zingena kwinkqubo yokuqengqeleka eshushu. Inkqubo yokuqengqeleka eshushu isebenzisa umatshini wokugqobhoza ukugqobhoza iibhilethi zentsimbi ezishushu ukuze zenze ibhilethi yetyhubhu enomngxuma embindini. Eli nyathelo limisela imo yokuqala yombhobho wentsimbi kwaye liqinisekisa amandla olwakhiwo lombhobho wentsimbi.
Okulandelayo, i-billet yetyhubhu ebhoboziweyo iyandiswa ngakumbi kwaye yenziwe ngenkqubo yokuqengqeleka. Ubushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nesantya ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqengqeleka kufuneka zilawulwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani, ukufana kobukhulu bodonga kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wombhobho wentsimbi.
Emva kokwakheka, umbhobho wentsimbi kufuneka udlule kwinkqubo yokupholisa nokulungisa. Ukupholisa kukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza umbhobho ukusuka kubushushu obuphezulu ukuya kubushushu begumbi ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwesakhiwo se-metallographic sezinto. Ukulungisa kukususa ukugoba okanye olunye uguquko olunokwenzeka ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa nokuqinisekisa ukuba umbhobho uthe tye.
Okokugqibela, umbhobho wentsimbi nawo kufuneka uvavanywe kwaye ucutshungulwe ngokungqongqo. Olu vavanyo luquka ukufunyanwa kweziphene ze-ultrasonic, ukufunyanwa komsinga we-eddy, njl.njl., ikakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ziphene ngaphakathi kombhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo kwaye uhlangabezana nemigangatho yokusetyenziswa. Eminye imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo iya kudlula kwiinkqubo zonyango lomphezulu ezifana nokucolwa kunye nokuphosphating ukuphucula ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala.
Amanyathelo okusebenzisa imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo
Njengesixhobo esinamandla aphezulu, esinganyangekiyo kuxinzelelo kwaye singanyangekiyo, imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-petroleum, iikhemikhali, amandla ombane, oomatshini nakwamanye amashishini. Nangona kunjalo, nangona isebenza kakuhle, ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwayo kusabalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzileyo ixesha elide kwindawo yokusebenza. Nazi izilumkiso zemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa:
1. Khetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkcukacha
Iipayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo ziyafumaneka ngezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkcukacha. Xa uzisebenzisa, kufuneka ukhethe imveliso efanelekileyo ngokwemeko ethile yesicelo. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza (ezifana noxinzelelo lokusebenza, ubushushu, ukubola kwesixhobo, njl.njl.) zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezinto zepayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo. Umzekelo, xa kuthuthwa izixhobo zombane ezishushu kakhulu, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iipayipi zentsimbi ezingatshiyo; kwindawo enokutsha kakhulu, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iipayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo ezenziwe ngentsimbi engatyiwayo okanye ezinye izinto ezingatshiyo. Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokuba uthenge, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba uyaziqonda iiparameter zobugcisa kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kwepayipi yentsimbi ukuze uphephe iingozi zokhuseleko ezibangelwa kukukhethwa kwezinto ngendlela engafanelekanga.
2. Nika ingqalelo kwindlela yoqhagamshelo lombhobho ngexesha lokufakelwa
Ekubeni imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo ingenazo ii-welds, ukuqina kwayo kwisakhiwo kungcono, kodwa indlela yokudibanisa kufuneka ibe nengqiqo ngexesha lokufakwa. Iindlela zokudibanisa eziqhelekileyo ziquka uqhagamshelo lwe-flange, uqhagamshelo olunemisonto kunye ne-welding. Kwiimeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, i-welding kufuneka iqapheleke kakhulu, kwaye umgangatho we-weld uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi benkonzo yombhobho. Ke ngoko, ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha, kuyacetyiswa ukuba iingcali zisebenze ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-welding iyafana, ayinazo ii-pores kunye nee-cracks.
3. Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa rhoqo
Nangona imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo inokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kwaye ihlala ixesha elide, kusafuneka ihlolwe kwaye igcinwe rhoqo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu okanye iindawo ezinongcola kakhulu. Imibhobho ichaphazeleka kuxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwexesha elide kunye nokukhukuliseka okuphakathi, kwaye kunokuvela imifantu emincinci okanye iindawo zokugqwala. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-ultrasound, uvavanyo loxinzelelo kunye novavanyo lokugqwala kunokunceda ekufumaneni iingozi ezifihlakeleyo ngexesha kwaye kuthintelwe iingozi ezinkulu.
4. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa kakhulu
Iipayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zinomthamo wazo ophezulu wokuthwala uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kufuneka kulandelwe imigangatho nemigaqo efanelekileyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukusetyenziswa kakhulu. Ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo kuya kubangela ukuguguleka kombhobho, amandla anciphe, kunye nokuqhekeka okanye ukuvuza. Ke ngoko, abaqhubi kufuneka bajonge ngokungqongqo uxinzelelo olusebenzayo kunye nobushushu bombhobho ukuqinisekisa ukuba usebenza ngaphakathi koluhlu olukhuselekileyo.
5. Thintela umonakalo wangaphandle woomatshini
Ngexesha lokuthuthwa, ukuphathwa kunye nokufakelwa, imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo ichaphazeleka lula yimpembelelo yangaphandle kunye nokungqubana, okunokubangela umonakalo kumphezulu kwaye kuchaphazele namandla ayo ngokubanzi. Ke ngoko, xa kuphathwa kwaye kugcinwa, kufuneka kusetyenziswe amanyathelo okukhusela ukuze kuthintelwe ukudibana nezinto ezibukhali, kwaye ungawurhuqi umbhobho wentsimbi ngokuthanda kwakho, ingakumbi xa udonga lombhobho luncinci.
6. Nqanda indlela yangaphakathi ukuba ingakhuli okanye ivaleke
Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, i-medium ekwipayipi ingafakwa ukuze yenze umaleko wesikali, ingakumbi xa kuhanjiswa amanzi, umphunga okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ukukala. Ukwandisa ukukala eludongeni lwangaphakathi lombhobho kuya kwandisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi kombhobho, kunciphise ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhambisa, kwaye kubangele nokuvaleka. Ke ngoko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyicoce rhoqo kwaye usebenzise iikhemikhali zokucoca ukususa isikali xa kuyimfuneko.