Takaitaccen Bayani na Babban Jami'i

Wannan rahoton yana nazarin yanayin shigo da kayayyaki daga kasuwar Turai don sassan gini masu sanyi da aka yi da ƙarfe mai daraja S355J2H bisa ga ƙa'idar EN 10219, wanda aka samo daga China. Dangane da nazarin bayanan ciniki daga 2022-2023, China ta ci gaba da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu samar da wannan samfurin zuwa Turai, tare da daidaiton yawan shigo da kayayyaki. Manyan ƙasashen da ke shigo da kayayyaki sune Jamus, Belgium, Netherlands, da Italiya. Duk da shingayen ciniki kamar harajin hana zubar da kayayyaki na EU, kayayyakin China suna da babban rabo a kasuwa a fannin gine-gine, kayayyakin more rayuwa, da injina na Turai saboda gasa a farashinsu da kuma ingancinsu mai daidaito.

Ma'anar Samfuri

EN 10219-1/-2，S355J2H

Daidaitacce: EN 10219-1/-2

Karfe Sashe: S355J2H

Bayanin Samfura: S355J2H ƙarfe ne mai laushi wanda ba na ƙarfe ba, mai ƙarfi mai yawa da kuma ƙarfin zafin jiki mai kyau. "S355" yana nufin ƙaramin ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa na 355 MPa, "J2" yana nuna ƙarfin tasirin Charpy V-notch na 27J a -20.°C, da kuma "H" suna nufin Cold-Formed. Ana amfani da wannan samfurin sosai a gine-ginen gini, gadoji, injunan tashar jiragen ruwa, filayen wasa, da sauran aikace-aikacen masana'antu.

Bayanan da ke ƙasa kimantawa ne da aka yi bisa ga yanayin kasuwancin jama'a da rahotannin nazari, wanda aka yi niyya don kwatanta yanayin kasuwa.

Abu

An kiyasta 2022

An kiyasta 2023

Bayanan kula

180,000 - 220,000

170,000 - 210,000

Dangane da buƙatar kasuwa da matakan kaya.

Jimlar Adadin Shigowa (Tannes)

Sauyin farashin ƙarfe ya shafe shi.

Jimlar Darajar Shigowa (EUR)

Farashi, Inshora, da kuma jigilar kaya.

Matsakaicin Farashin CIF

Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Turai.

Manyan Tashoshin Shiga

Antwerp (BE), Rotterdam (NL), Hamburg (DE)

Antwerp (BE), Rotterdam (NL), Hamburg (DE)

3. Binciken Manyan Kasashen da ke Shigo da Kaya

1. Jamus

Abubuwan da ke haifar da hakan: Ƙarfin sassan masana'antu da na motoci, tare da ayyukan gine-gine da ake ci gaba da yi, suna haifar da buƙatar ƙarfe mai inganci.

2. Belgium

Abubuwan da ke Haifar da Mota: Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Antwerp babbar cibiyar jigilar kayayyaki ce ta ƙarfe ta Turai, inda ake jigilar kayayyaki da yawa a nan don rarrabawa zuwa wasu ƙasashen Turai.

3. Netherlands

Abubuwan da ke haifar da matsaloli: Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Rotterdam, kamar Antwerp, babbar hanyar shiga ce. Gine-gine na cikin gida da masana'antar kayan aikin gona suma suna taimakawa wajen buƙatu.

4. Italiya

Abubuwan da ke haifar da hakan: Ayyukan samar da kayayyaki na masana'antu da kayayyakin more rayuwa suna ƙara yawan buƙatar bututun ƙarfe na gini.

5. Faransa da Poland

Abubuwan da ke haifar da hakan: Kasuwannin gine-gine masu dorewa da kuma ci gaban masana'antu.

4. Abubuwan da ke Haifar da Kasuwa da Kalubale

Direbobi:

Gasar Farashi: Bututun S355J2H da aka samar a kasar Sin galibi suna da ƙarancin farashin da aka yi amfani da shi a baya idan aka kwatanta da kayayyakin cikin gida na Turai.

Ƙarfi da Samarwa Mai Dorewa: Babban ƙarfin samar da injunan masana'antu na ƙasar Sin yana tabbatar da wadatar kayayyaki mai ɗorewa da kuma nau'ikan bayanai daban-daban.

Gane Inganci: Yawancin masana'antun kasar Sin sun sami alamar CE, takaddun shaida na ISO, da sauransu, kuma ingancin kayayyakinsu ya samu karbuwa sosai a kasuwar Turai.

Kalubale:

Ayyukan Hana Zubar Da Kaya a Tarayyar Turai: Tarayyar Turai ta sanya harajin hana zubar da kaya a wasu sassan gine-gine marasa tsari da suka samo asali daga China, wanda hakan ya kara yawan kudin shigo da kaya daga waje kuma ya zama babban shingen ciniki.

Lokacin jigilar kaya da jigilar kaya: Lokutan jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Turai suna da tsawo, tare da haɗarin katsewar sarkar samar da kayayyaki.

Tsarin Daidaita Iyakokin Carbon: CBAM na gaba na iya shafar gasa a farashin kayayyaki masu ƙarancin gurɓataccen iska.

Gasar Gida: Masana'antun cikin gida na Turai (misali, ArcelorMittal, Tenaris) suna da fa'idodi a cikin ingancin sabis, saurin isarwa, da kuma keɓancewa.

5. Hasashen Nan Gaba

Na ɗan gajeren lokaci (2024): Ana sa ran yawan shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje zai kasance daidai. Abubuwan siyasa na ƙasa, farashin makamashi, da kuma yiwuwar canje-canje a manufofin cinikayyar EU za su zama manyan masu tasiri.

Na Matsakaici zuwa Dogon Lokaci: Tare da ci gaban dabarun samar da ƙarfe mai launin kore da sarkar samar da kayayyaki na Turai, masu samar da kayayyaki na China na iya fuskantar matsin lamba. Canjawa zuwa samfuran da suka ƙara daraja da kuma waɗanda ba su da illa ga muhalli zai zama mabuɗin ci gaba da riƙe hannun jari a kasuwa.

Bututun ƙarfe na EN10219 S355J2H da aka ƙera a China sun kasance muhimmin samfurin shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje a kasuwar Turai, musamman ga ayyukan da suka shafi farashi da buƙatun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na yau da kullun. Duk da manyan shingen ciniki, fa'idarsu ta farashi da kuma manyan hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki suna kiyaye kaso mai kyau na kasuwa. A nan gaba, masu shigo da kaya da masu amfani da ƙarshen za su buƙaci yin ciniki mai zurfi tsakanin farashi, amincin sarkar samar da kayayyaki, bin ƙa'idodin ciniki, da dorewa.