I. Rarraba Samfura da Tsarin Haraji

Babban bambanci tsakaninBututun da aka haɗada Bututun Karfe Mara Sumul a cikin cinikin ƙasa da ƙasa suna farawa da lambobin Tsarin Haɗaka (HS). Dangane da rarrabuwar WCO, bututun ƙarfe marasa sumul suna faɗuwa ƙarƙashin lambar HS 7304, yayin da bututun walda ke faɗuwa ƙarƙashin 7306. Wannan babban rarrabuwa yana ƙarfafa duk aikace-aikacen biyan kuɗi da maganin ciniki na gaba.

Daidaiton rarrabuwa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga masu shigo da kaya. Kayayyaki kamar bututun ƙarfe mara sumulA333 T11, Tube Mara SumulA333 T9, Tube Mara SumulA333 T5, Bututun Karfe na AlloyA333 T91, Bututun ƙarfe mara sumul, da bututun ƙarfe na China Alloy Steel Tube dole ne a rarraba su ƙarƙashin ƙananan jigogi na 7304 da suka dace dangane da kayansu, diamita, sashe, da sauran ƙayyadaddun bayanai.

II. Manufofin Kuɗin Shiga na Tarayyar Turai

Manufar shigo da bututun ƙarfe ta EU tsarin shigo da kaya ne mai matakai da yawa wanda ya ƙunshi ayyuka na asali, matakan kariya, da kuma ayyukan hana zubar da kaya.

Muhimman Ayyuka da Ka'idojin Kariya: Tarayyar Turai tana kula da ƙa'idodin ƙimar kuɗin fito na kariya (TRQs) akan yawancin kayayyakin ƙarfe. Ga "Sauran Bututun Karfe Marasa Sumul" (bututun da ba sulke ba a ƙarƙashin HS 7304), ƙa'idar ƙasashe kamar China tana da kimanin tan 34,000 zuwa 34,800 a kowace kwata na 2025-2026; ƙarin kashi 25% na harajin shigo da kaya ya shafi shigo da kaya da suka wuce ƙa'idar. Ga "Bututun Bakin Karfe Mara Sumul," akwai ƙa'idodin ƙa'ida na musamman na ƙasa, tare da kashi 25% na harajin sama da ƙa'ida. An shirya babban canji a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2026, lokacin da aka ruwaito cewa Tarayyar Turai tana da niyyar rage ƙa'idodin shigo da kaya da kusan kashi 50% da kuma ɗaga harajin da ke sama daga kashi 25% zuwa 50%. Wannan zai yi tasiri sosai ga farashin shigo da kaya na kayayyaki daban-daban marasa sumul, gami da Bututun Karfe Mara Sumul Don Kayan Aikin Takin Zamani da Bututu Mara Sumul Don Tururi.

Ayyukan Hana Zubar Da Juna:

Bututun da Ba Sulhu Ba (HS 7304): Tarayyar Turai ta sanya takamaiman harajin hana zubar da shara a kan wasu bututun da ba su da matsala da bututun ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe da suka fito daga China, tare da ƙimar da ta kama daga 48.3% zuwa 71.9%. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa idan duka harajin kariya da aka ƙayyade a sama da ƙimar da aka ƙayyade da kuma harajin hana zubar da shara a lokaci guda, Tarayyar Turai tana tattara mafi girma daga cikin biyun kawai. Ga bututun ƙarfe marasa matsala (misali, Sa-106m, bututun ƙarfe na Cr5mo Alloy, diamita na waje ≤406.4mm, CEV ≤0.86) daga Rasha da Ukraine, harajin hana zubar da shara kuma yana aiki, tare da ƙimar da masu samarwa suka bambanta (24.1%-35.8% ga kamfanonin Rasha, 8.1%-25.7% ga kamfanonin Ukraine).

Bututun da aka yi da walda (HS 7306): Tarayyar Turai tana karɓar harajin hana zubar da kaya akan bututun ƙarfe ko ƙarfe mara ƙarfe (diamita na waje ≤168.3mm) waɗanda suka samo asali daga China, Rasha, da Belarus. Matsakaicin farashin kayayyakin China a halin yanzu yana da ban mamaki da kashi 90.6%. A watan Afrilun 2026, Tarayyar Turai ta fara nazarin faɗuwar rana na waɗannan matakan don tantance ko ya kamata a tsawaita su.

III. Manufofin Kuɗin Shiga Cikin Gida na Burtaniya

Bayan Brexit, Birtaniya ta kafa tsarin harajinta mai zaman kansa (UK Global Tariff) da tsarin magance cinikayya (Trade Remedies Authority, TRA). Tsarin manufofin Burtaniya iri ɗaya ne—tsarin harajin asali, kariya, da kuma ayyukan hana zubar da kaya—amma ya bambanta a takamaiman farashi da kuma tsarin ƙasa.

Matakan Kariya: Kamar Tarayyar Turai, Birtaniya tana amfani da ka'idojin kariya na TRQs akan kayayyakin ƙarfe daban-daban. A ƙarƙashin rukunin "Sauran Bututun Marasa Sumul", China tana da ka'idar kwata-kwata ta kimanin tan 34,400, tare da harajin kashi 25% ga shigo da kayayyaki sama da ƙa'ida. Burtaniya kuma tana kula da ƙa'idar "Sauran Bututun da aka Walda."

Ayyukan Hana Zubar Da Juna:

Bututun da aka yi da walda (HS 7306): Birtaniya ta ci gaba da ɗaukar harajin hana zubar da shara a kan bututun ƙarfe ko ƙarfe mara ƙarfe (diamita na waje ≤168.3mm) daga China da Belarus, inda ƙimar kayayyakin China ma ta kai kashi 90.6%. Babban bambanci shine cewa Birtaniya ta dakatar da matakan da ta ɗauka kan Rasha ga waɗannan samfuran a shekarar 2023. A watan Janairun 2026, TRA ta fara nazarin faɗuwar rana don matakan da aka ɗauka kan China da Belarus.

Bututun da ba su da siffa (HS 7304): Birtaniya ta riƙe harajin hana zubar da shara da ta gada daga Tarayyar Turai kan wasu bututun da ba su da siffa daga Rasha da Ukraine. Dangane da bututun ƙarfe marasa siffa daga China, a halin yanzu babu wani bayani da ke nuna cewa Birtaniya tana da harajin hana zubar da shara mai zaman kansa, ma'ana samun damar kasuwa galibi yana da iyaka ta hanyar ƙa'idodin kariya.

IV. Takaitaccen Bayani Kan Manyan Bambance-bambancen Manufofi

Nau'in Samfura	Kayan Aiki na Manufofi	Tarayyar Turai (EU)	Ƙasar Ingila (Birtaniya)
Bututun da ba su da sumul (HS 7304)	Kariya	Ana amfani da ƙimar kuɗi; kashi 25% sama da ƙimar haraji; ana sa ran ƙara ƙarfi sosai bayan Yuli 2026	Ana amfani da ƙa'idodi; kashi 25% na harajin da aka ƙayyade
	Hana Zubar Da Kaya (China)	Bakin da ba shi da sumul: 48.3%-71.9%	Babu wani aikin AD mai zaman kansa da aka gano
	Hana Zubar Da Kaya (Sauran)	Rasha/Ukraine ba tare da wata matsala ba: 8.1%-35.8%	An riƙe matakan EU kan Rasha/Ukraine, amma manufofi na iya canzawa daban-daban
Bututun da aka haɗa da walda (HS 7306)	Kariya	Ana amfani da ƙa'idodi da kashi 25% na harajin da ya wuce ƙa'ida	Ana amfani da ƙa'idodi da kashi 25% na harajin da ya wuce ƙa'ida
	Hana Zubar Da Kaya (China)	90.6%	90.6%
	Hana Zubar Da Kaya (Sauran)	Matakan da za a dauka kan Rasha da Belarus	An ci gaba da ɗaukar matakai kan Belarus; Rasha ta dakatar da matakan