Nā Paipu Boiler Kila Alloy Seamless Nā paipu alloy Superheater Nā Paipu Hoʻololi Wela
| Kūlana:ASTM SA 213 | Alloy A I ʻole: Alloy |
| Pūʻulu Papa: T5,T9,T11,T22 a pēlā aku | Noi: Paipu paila/paipu hoʻololi wela |
| Mānoanoa: 0.4-12.7 mm | Ka Lapaʻau ʻIli: E like me ke koi a ka mea kūʻai aku |
| Anawaena Waho (Poepoe): 3.2-127 mm | ʻAno hana: Wela ʻōwili ʻia |
| Lōʻihi: Loa paʻa a lōʻihi paha | Ka mālama wela: Hoʻomaʻamaʻa/Hoʻomehana/Hoʻoheheʻe |
| ʻĀpana ʻAno: Poepoe | Paipu Kūikawā: Paipu Paia Mānoanoa |
| Kahi i hoʻomaka ai: Kina | Hoʻohana: Super heat, Boiler a me Heat Exchanger |
| Palapala hōʻoia: ISO9001:2008 | Hoʻāʻo: ECT/UT |
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia e hana i ka paipu kila metala kiʻekiʻe no ka paipu paila kiʻekiʻe, ka paipu hoʻololi wela a me ka paipu wela nui
Papa o ke kila Alloy kiʻekiʻe: T2, T12, T11, T22, T91, T92 etc.
| Papa kila | Ka Hoʻohui Kemika% | ||||||||||
| C | Si | Mn | P, S Max | Cr | Mo | ʻO Ni Max | V | ʻAl Max | W | B | |
| T2 | 0.10~0.20 | 0.10~0.30 | 0.30~0.61 | 0.025 | 0.50~0.81 | 0.44~0.65 | – | – | – | – | – |
| T11 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.50~1.00 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 1.00~1.50 | 0.44~0.65 | – | – | – | – | – |
| T12 | 0.05~0.15 | Max 0.5 | 0.30~0.61 | 0.025 | 0.80~1.25 | 0.44~0.65 | – | – | – | – | – |
| T22 | 0.05~0.15 | Max 0.5 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.025 | 1.90~2.60 | 0.87~1.13 | – | – | – | – | – |
| T91 | 0.07~0.14 | 0.20~0.50 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.02 | 8.0~9.5 | 0.85~1.05 | 0.4 | 0.18~0.25 | 0.015 | – | – |
| T92 | 0.07~0.13 | Max 0.5 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.02 | 8.5~9.5 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.4 | 0.15~0.25 | 0.015 | 1.50~2.00 | 0.001~0.006 |
No T91 ma waho aʻe o luna aʻe, hoʻokomo pū ʻia ʻo Nickel 0.4, Va 0.18-0.25, Ni 0.06-0.10, Ni 0.03-0.07, Al 0.02, Ti 0.01, Zr 0.01. A Maximum, ke ʻole ka laulā a i ʻole ka palena iki i hōʻike ʻia. Ma kahi e ʻike ʻia ai nā ellipses (...) ma kēia papa, ʻaʻohe koi, a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻoholo ʻia a hōʻike ʻia paha ka loiloi no ka element. B Ua ʻae ʻia ke kauoha ʻana iā T2 a me T12 me ka nui o ka sulfur o 0.045 max. C ʻOkoʻa, ma kahi o kēia ratio minimum, pono ka mea e loaʻa ka paʻakikī liʻiliʻi o 275 HV i ke kūlana paʻakikī, i wehewehe ʻia ma hope o ka austenitizing a me ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana i ka mahana o ka lumi akā ma mua o ka hoʻomehana ʻana. Pono e hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo paʻakikī ma ka waena o ka mānoanoa o ka huahana. ʻO ka pinepine o ka hoʻāʻo paʻakikī he ʻelua mau laʻana o ka huahana no kēlā me kēia lot mālama wela a e hōʻike ʻia nā hopena hoʻāʻo paʻakikī ma ka hōʻike hoʻāʻo mea.
| Papa kila | Nā Waiwai Mekanika | |||
| T.S. | ʻO Y.P | Hoʻolōʻihi | Paʻakikī | |
| T2 | ≥ 415MPa | ≥ 205MPa | ≥ 30% | 163HBW (85HRB) |
| T11 | ≥ 415MPa | ≥ 205MPa | ≥ 30% | 163HBW (85HRB) |
| T12 | ≥ 415MPa | ≥ 220MPa | ≥ 30% | 163HBW (85HRB) |
| T22 | ≥ 415MPa | ≥ 205MPa | ≥ 30% | 163HBW (85HRB) |
| T91 | ≥ 585MPa | ≥ 415MPa | ≥ 20% | 250HBW (25HRB) |
| T92 | ≥ 620MPa | ≥ 440MPa | ≥ 20% | 250HBW (25HRB) |
Nā ʻokoʻa i ʻae ʻia i ka mānoanoa o ka paia
| Mānoanoa o ka paia % | |||||
| ma waho anawaena i loko mm | 0.095 2.4 a ma lalo | ʻoi aku ma mua o 0.095 a i 0.15 2.4-3.8 hoʻokomo pū ʻia | ma luna o 0.15 a i 0.18 3.8-4.6 hoʻokomo pū | ma luna o 0.18 a i 4.6 | |
| ma luna ma lalo ma luna ma lalo ma lalo ma luna ma lalo | |||||
| ʻaʻohe ona ʻano, wela ka hoʻopau ʻana | |||||
| 4 ʻīniha a ma lalo 40 0 35 0 33 0 28 0 | |||||
| ma luna o 4 ʻīniha .. .. 35 0 33 0 28 0 | |||||
| ʻaʻohe ona ʻano, hoʻopau anu ʻia | |||||
| ma luna o lalo | |||||
| 11/2 a ma lalo | 20 0 | ||||
| ma luna o 11/2 | 22 0 | ||||
ʻO nā ʻokoʻa i ʻae ʻia i ka mānoanoa o ka paia e pili wale i ka paipu, koe wale nō nā paipu i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i loko, e like me ka ʻōwili ʻia a i ʻole ka hoʻopau anu ʻia.
a ma mua o ka swaging, hoʻonui, kulou, poli ʻana, a i ʻole nā hana hana ʻē aʻe
Nā ʻokoʻa i ʻae ʻia ma ke anawaena o waho
| anawaena o waho (mm) | ʻOkoʻa i ʻae ʻia (mm) | |
| paipu humuhumu wela i hoʻopau ʻia | ma luna | ma lalo |
| 4" (100mm) a ma lalo | 0.4 | 0.8 |
| 4-71/2" (100-200mm) | 0.4 | 1.2 |
| 7 1/2-9“（200-225） | 0.4 | 1.6 |
| Nā paipu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me nā paipu humuhumu i hoʻopau ʻia i ke anu | ||
| ma lalo o 1" (25mm) | 0.1 | 0.11 |
| 1-11/2" (25-40mm) | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| 11/2-2" (40-50mm) | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| 2-21/2"(50-65mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| 21/2-3" (65-75mm) | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 3-4" (75-100mm) | 0.38 | 0.38 |
| 4-71/2" (100-200mm) | 0.38 | 0.64 |
| 7 1/2-9“（200-225） | 0.38 | 1.14 |
Hoʻāʻo Hydraustatic:
Pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia ka paipu kila ma ke ʻano hydraulic pākahi. ʻO ke kaomi hoʻāʻo kiʻekiʻe loa he 20 MPa. Ma lalo o ke kaomi hoʻāʻo, ʻaʻole pono e emi ka manawa paʻa ma mua o 10 S, a ʻaʻole pono e liki ka paipu kila. A i ʻole hiki ke pani ʻia ka hoʻāʻo hydraulic e ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke au Eddy a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka leakage flux magnetic.
Hoʻāʻo ʻAʻole Luku
Pono e nānā ʻia nā paipu e pono ai ka nānā hou aku ma o ka ultrasonically pākahi. Ma hope o ke kūkākūkā ʻana e koi ana i ka ʻae ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao a ua kuhikuhi ʻia ma ka ʻaelike, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole luku.
Hoʻāʻo Hoʻopālahalaha：
Pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia ka palahalaha ʻana o nā paipu me ke anawaena waho ma mua o 22 mm. ʻAʻole pono e ʻike ʻia kahi delamination, nā kiko keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole nā mea haumia i ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua holoʻokoʻa.
Hoʻāʻo Paʻakikī:
No nā paipu o nā papa P91, P92, P122, a me P911, Brinell, Vickers, a i ʻole Rockwell Hardness Tests e hana ʻia ma kahi laʻana mai kēlā me kēia Lot.
