I. Kev Faib Pawg Khoom thiab Cov Ntsiab Lus Txog Tus Nqi

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawmCov Yeeb Nkab Weldedthiab Cov Yeeb Nkab Hlau Tsis Muaj Qhov Txuas hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb pib nrog lawv cov lej Harmonized System (HS). Raws li WCO kev faib tawm, cov yeeb nkab hlau tsis muaj qhov txuas poob rau hauv HS code 7304, thaum cov yeeb nkab welded poob rau hauv 7306. Qhov kev faib tawm tseem ceeb no yog lub hauv paus rau txhua daim ntawv thov kev them se thiab kev kho mob tom qab.

Kev faib tawm kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg xa khoom tuaj. Cov khoom xws li Seamless Steel PipeA333 T11, Seamless RajA333 T9, Seamless RajA333 T5, Cov Yeeb Nkab Hlau AlloyA333 T91, Cov kav dej Alloy Steel Seamless, thiab Tuam Tshoj Alloy Steel Tube yuav tsum tau muab faib ua pawg raws li 7304 cov npe me raws li lawv cov khoom siv, txoj kab uas hla, ntu hla, thiab lwm yam kev qhia tshwj xeeb.

II. Cov Cai Txog Kev Them Se Rau Cov Khoom Xa Tuaj ntawm EU

Txoj cai tswjfwm kev xa khoom tuaj rau cov kav dej hlau ntawm EU yog ib txoj kev ua haujlwm ntau txheej uas muaj cov se tseem ceeb, kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv, thiab cov se tiv thaiv kev pov tseg.

Cov Luag Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb thiab Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Tiv Thaiv: EU tswj hwm cov nqi security tariff quotas (TRQs) rau feem ntau cov khoom hlau. Rau "Lwm Cov Hlab Hlau Tsis Muaj Qhov Txuas" (cov kav hlau tsis muaj qhov txuas hauv HS 7304), qhov quota rau cov tebchaws xws li Tuam Tshoj yog kwv yees li 34,000 txog 34,800 tonnes ib lub hlis twg rau xyoo 2025-2026; muaj 25% ntxiv se rau cov khoom xa tuaj uas tshaj qhov quota. Rau "Cov Hlab Hlau Tsis Muaj Qhov Txuas thiab Cov Kav Hlau," kuj muaj cov quotas tshwj xeeb rau lub tebchaws, nrog rau 25% ntawm cov se quota. Ib qho kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tau npaj rau lub Xya Hli 1, 2026, thaum EU tau tshaj tawm tias npaj yuav txiav cov quotas xa tuaj txog li 50% thiab nce cov se quota saum toj no los ntawm 25% mus rau 50%. Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov nqi xa tuaj rau ntau yam khoom tsis muaj qhov txuas, suav nrog Cov Hlab Hlau Tsis Muaj Qhov Txuas Rau Cov Khoom Siv Chiv thiab Cov Hlab Hlau Tsis Muaj Qhov Txuas Rau Cov Pa.

Cov Luag Haujlwm Tiv Thaiv Kev Pov Tseg:

Cov Kav Dej Tsis Muaj Qhov Txuas (HS 7304): EU muab cov se tiv thaiv kev pov tseg rau qee cov kav dej tsis muaj qhov txuas thiab cov raj ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb uas pib hauv Suav teb, nrog rau cov nqi txij li 48.3% txog 71.9%. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias yog tias ob qho tib si kev tiv thaiv se saum toj no-quota thiab se tiv thaiv kev pov tseg siv tau tib lub sijhawm, EU tsuas yog sau qhov siab dua ntawm ob qho. Rau cov kav dej carbon steel seamless (piv txwv li, Sa-106m, Cr5mo Alloy Steel Pipe, sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ≤406.4mm, CEV ≤0.86) los ntawm Russia thiab Ukraine, se tiv thaiv kev pov tseg kuj siv tau, nrog rau cov nqi sib txawv ntawm tus tsim khoom (24.1%-35.8% rau cov tuam txhab Lavxias, 8.1%-25.7% rau cov tuam txhab Ukrainian).

Cov Kav Dej Uas Tau Txuas (HS 7306): EU yuav tsub se rau cov kav dej uas tau txuas ua los ntawm hlau lossis hlau uas tsis yog hlau sib xyaw (qhov loj sab nraud ≤168.3 hli) uas pib hauv Suav teb, Russia, thiab Belarus. Tus nqi tam sim no rau cov khoom lag luam Suav teb yog 90.6%. Thaum Lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2026, EU tau pib tshuaj xyuas cov kev ntsuas no kom paub seb puas yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv mus.

III. Cov Cai Lij Choj Txog Kev Them Se Khoom Ntshuam Khoom Hauv UK

Tom qab Brexit, UK tau tsim nws tus kheej txoj cai tswjfwm se (UK Global Tariff) thiab cov txheej txheem kev daws teeb meem kev lag luam (Trade Remedies Authority, TRA). Cov qauv cai ntawm UK zoo sib xws - cov se yooj yim, kev tiv thaiv, thiab cov se tiv thaiv kev pov tseg - tab sis txawv ntawm cov nqi tshwj xeeb thiab kev them nqi rau lub tebchaws.

Kev Tiv Thaiv: Ib yam li EU, UK siv cov kev tiv thaiv TRQs rau ntau yam khoom hlau. Hauv qab "Lwm Cov Yeeb Nkab Seamless", Tuam Tshoj muaj cov khoom xa tuaj txhua peb lub hlis ntawm kwv yees li 34,400 tonnes, nrog rau 25% se rau cov khoom xa tuaj saum toj no. UK kuj tseem tswj cov quotas rau "Lwm Cov Yeeb Nkab Welded."

Cov Luag Haujlwm Tiv Thaiv Kev Pov Tseg:

Cov Kav Dej Uas Tau Txuas (HS 7306): UK txuas ntxiv siv cov se tiv thaiv kev pov tseg rau cov kav dej uas tau txuas ntawm hlau lossis hlau tsis yog hlau (lub cheeb sab nraud ≤168.3mm) los ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Belarus, nrog rau tus nqi rau cov khoom lag luam Suav kuj yog 90.6%. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog tias UK tau txiav nws cov kev ntsuas tawm tsam Russia rau cov khoom no hauv xyoo 2023. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2026, TRA tau pib tshuaj xyuas hnub poob rau cov kev ntsuas tawm tsam Tuam Tshoj thiab Belarus.

Cov Kav Dej Tsis Muaj Qhov Txuas (HS 7304): UK tau khaws cov se tiv thaiv kev pov tseg uas tau txais los ntawm EU rau qee cov kav dej tsis muaj qhov txuas los ntawm Russia thiab Ukraine. Hais txog cov kav dej tsis muaj qhov txuas ntawm Suav teb, tam sim no tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv pej xeem qhia tias UK muaj cov se tiv thaiv kev pov tseg ywj pheej, txhais tau tias kev nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam feem ntau raug txwv los ntawm cov quotas tiv thaiv.

IV. Kev Txheeb Xyuas Txog Qhov Txawv Ntawm Txoj Cai Tseem Ceeb

Pawg Khoom	Cov Cuab Yeej Txoj Cai	European Union (EU)	United Kingdom (UK)
Cov Kav Dej Tsis Muaj Qhov Txuas (HS 7304)	Kev Tiv Thaiv	Cov kev cai lij choj siv tau; 25% ntawm cov luag haujlwm siab dua li cov kev cai lij choj; kev nruj dua yuav tshwm sim tom qab Lub Xya Hli 2026	Cov nqi raws li qhov tau teev tseg; 25% ntawm cov se uas tau teev tseg saum toj no
	Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Pov Tseg (Tuam Tshoj)	Stainless seamless: 48.3% -71.9%	Tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm AD ywj pheej txheeb xyuas
	Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Pov Tseg (Lwm Yam)	Lavxias teb sab/Ukraine carbon seamless: 8.1% -35.8%	Khaws cov kev ntsuas EU rau Russia / Ukraine, tab sis txoj cai yuav hloov pauv ntawm nws tus kheej
Cov Kav Dej Uas Tau Txuas (HS 7306)	Kev Tiv Thaiv	Cov nqi quotas thiab 25% ntawm cov se uas siab dua li cov nqi quota siv tau	Cov nqi quotas thiab 25% ntawm cov se uas siab dua li cov nqi quota siv tau
	Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Pov Tseg (Tuam Tshoj)	90.6%	90.6%
	Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Pov Tseg (Lwm Yam)	Kev ntsuas tawm tsam Russia & Belarus	Cov kev ntsuas tawm tsam Belarus tseem raug khaws cia; cov kev ntsuas ntawm Russia raug tshem tawm