Ko ngā ngongo maitai kore-honohono chromium molybdenum (Cr Mo) mō te ratonga poiha he rauemi matua e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā poiha ratonga, ngā poiha ahumahi, me ngā oumu hinu-matū i raro i te pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei. Ka taea te whakarōpū i ēnei kia rite ki ngā ine hangarau e whai ake nei.

1. Whakarōpūtanga mā te Momo, te Tauira rānei o te Rino (Whakarōpūtanga Matua)

Ko te taumata o te ngongo tui Cr Mo te mea e whakatau tika ana i tōna pāmahana me te pēhanga e tika ana. Kei raro nei ngā taumata noa me ngā paerewa e rite ana.

Te momo maitai, te momo rānei
Paerewa
Te ihirangi Cr (ōrau)
Te ihirangi Mo (ōrau)
Te pāmahana whakarewa e tika ana (tohu Celsius)
Te tono noa

15CrMoG
GB/T 5310
0.80 ki te 1.10
0.25 ki te 0.35
tae atu ki te 550
whakamahana nui, whakamahana anō, pane

12Cr1MoVG
GB/T 5310
0.90 ki te 1.20
0.25 ki te 0.35
ki te 580
whakamahana pāmahana teitei, whakamahana anō pāmahana teitei

12Cr2MoG
GB/T 5310
2.00 ki te 2.50
0.90 ki te 1.10
tae atu ki te 600
ngā wāhanga pāmahana teitei o te kohua iti-whakahirahira, tino-whakahirahira rānei

T11 / P11
ASTM A213 /A335
1.00 ki te 1.50
0.44 ki te 0.65
ki te 540
ngā ngongo mata whakamahana pūwero (T11), ngā pane me ngā paipa (P11)

T22 / P22
ASTM A213 / A335
2.00 ki te 2.50
0.87 ki te 1.13
ki te 580
whakamahana pāmahana teitei, whakamahana anō pāmahana teitei

T91 / P91
ASTM A213 / A335
8.00 ki te 9.50
0.85 ki te 1.05
tae atu ki te 650
te mata whakamahana pāmahana teitei o te kohua tino kaha rawa

T92 / P92
ASTM A213 / A335
8.50 ki te 9.50
0.30 ki te 0.60
tae atu ki te 650
ngā wāhanga e hiahia ana kia kaha ake te ngoki

Kia mōhio: I roto i te GB/T 5310, ko te kupu whakamutunga G e tohu ana i te ngongo poihau pēhanga teitei. I roto i ngā paerewa o Amerika, ka whakamahia te raupapa T (Tube) mō ngā ngongo mata whakamahana iti te diameter, ko te raupapa P ia (Paipa) e whakamahia ana mō ngā pane me ngā paipa nui te diameter.

2. Whakarōpūtanga mā te Tūnga Wāhanga Pūwero

Tūnga wāhanga
Ngā māka noa
Te pāmahana whakarewa noa (tohu Celsius)
Ngā whakaritenga matua

Ngongo pakitara wai
15CrMoG, 20G
400 ki te 500
te ātete ki te waikura, te kaha ngoki e ranea ana

Ngongo whakamahana nui
12Cr1MoVG, T91, T92
550 ki te 650
he kaha ngoki pāmahana teitei me te ātete ki te waikura mamaoa

Ngongo whakamahana anō
12Cr1MoVG, T91
550 ki te 600
he rite ki te whakamahana nui engari he angiangi ake te pakitara

Ngongo whakangao
15CrMoG, 20G
i raro i te 450
te ātete ki te waikura mō te wāhanga pāmahana iti

Pane
12Cr1MoVG, P22, P91
tata ki te pāmahana mamaoa
pakitara matotoru, ātete ki te pēhanga, pai te whakakaho

Ngā paipa mamaoa matua
P22, P91, P92
540 ki te 620
kaha ngoki teitei, ātete ki te ngenge wera

3. Whakarōpūtanga mā te Tukanga Hanga

Ahakoa he ngongo tuikore katoa, he whakaritenga tukanga motuhake kei ngā ngongo Cr Mo kounga poihā.

Te hurihuri wera, te whakaputa wera rānei: he pai te whakaputa, he whānui te whānuitanga o te rahi, he mata me te tauine waikura. He pai mō ngā ngongo pakitara matotoru, he whānui te diameter, pērā i ngā pane me ngā paipa mamaoa matua.

Te kume makariri, te takahuri makariri rānei: he tino tika ngā āhuatanga (tae atu ki te 0.05 mm neke atu rānei), he maeneene te mata. He pai mō ngā ngongo angiangi, he iti te diameter, pērā i te superheater me ngā koiri serpentine whakamahana anō.

Tātuhi makariri me te maimoatanga wera kanapa: he tino ma o roto, kāore he tauine waikura. He pai mō ngā ngongo wai whāngai pēhanga teitei me ngā ngongo taputapu tino tika.

Nā te nui o te koranu i roto i ngā maitai Cr Mo, me tino whakahaere te pāmahana whakamahana me te tere o te whakarerekētanga i te wā e hurihuri wera ana, e whakaputa wera ana rānei kia kore ai e ngatata, e kore rānei e ōrite te hanganga moroiti.

4. Whakarōpūtanga mā te Diameter o Waho me te Matotoru o te Pakitara

Kāwai
Te whānuitanga o waho (mm)
Te whānuitanga matotoru o te pakitara (mm)
Te tono noa

Ngongo iti te diameter
16 ki te 89
2 ki te 8
ngā koiri serpentine whakamahana nui me te whakamahana anō

Ngongo whānui-waenga
89 ki te 219
6 ki te 25
ngā ngongo whakaheke me ngā ngongo hono

Ngongo whānui nui
219 ki te 610
20 ki te 60
ngā pane me ngā paipa mamaoa matua

5. Whakarōpūtanga e ai ki te Paerewa e tika ana

He rerekē ngā pūnaha paerewa e hiahiatia ana mō ngā mākete kaweake rerekē.

Paerewa Hainamana: GB/T 5310, ngā momo pēnei i te 15CrMoG, 12Cr1MoVG, 12Cr2MoG.

Paerewa Amerikana: ASTM A213 mō te diameter iti, A335 mō te diameter nui, ngā momo pēnei i te T11, T22, T91, P11, P22, P91.

Paerewa Pākehā: EN 10216-2, ngā momo pēnei i te 13CrMo4-5, 10CrMo5-5, X10CrMoVNb9-1 (he rite ki te T91).

Paerewa Tiamana: DIN 17175 (kua whakakapia e EN engari kei te whakamahia tonu mō ngā kaupapa tawhito), ngā momo pēnei i te 13CrMo44, 10CrMo910.

Paerewa ā-ao: ISO 9329-2, ngā tohu e rite ana.

6. Whakarōpūtanga mā te Āhua Tukunga

Ka pā tika te āhua o te tukunga o ngā ngongo CrMo ki te pai o tā rātou mahi.

Kua Whakaōritea, kua Whakamāmāhia (N me te T): te whakaōritenga, ā, muri iho ka whakamahanahia ki te pāmahana teitei. E whakamahia ana mō te nuinga o ngā ngongo Cr Mo pērā i te 15CrMoG me te 12Cr1MoVG.

Kua Whakaōritea (N): te whakaōritenga anake. Whakamahia mō ngā tono kāore e tino hiahiatia ana ngā whakaritenga pānga pāmahana iti.

Kua tineia, kua whakamahanatia (Q me te T): te tineia, ā, muri iho ka whakamahanatia. Whakamahia mō ngā whakaritenga kaha me te pakari teitei, hei tauira, ētahi T91 me P91.

Otinga i tukatukahia (S): whakamahanatia ki te pāmahana teitei, kātahi ka whakamatao wawetia. Whakamahia mō ngā ngongo kowiri tira Cr Mo austenitic pērā i te TP347H (kei roto ko te Cr engari ehara i te maitai Cr Mo noa).