Whakarāpopototanga Whakahaere

E tātari ana tēnei pūrongo i ngā mahi kawemai a te mākete Pākehā mō ngā wāhanga hanganga kōhao matao i hangaia ki te maitai S355J2H e ai ki te paerewa EN 10219, i ahu mai i Haina. I runga i te tātaritanga o ngā raraunga hokohoko mai i te tau 2022-2023, ko Haina tonu tētahi o ngā kaiwhakarato matua o tēnei hua ki Ūropi, me ngā rahinga kawemai pumau. Ko ngā whenua kawemai matua ko Tiamana, Belgium, Netherlands, me Itari. Ahakoa ngā arai hokohoko pēnei i ngā takoha aukati-tuku a te EU, kei te pupuri tonu ngā hua Haina i te wāhi mākete nui i roto i ngā rāngai hangahanga, hanganga, me te hanga mīhini o Ūropi nā te mea he whakataetae utu me te kounga pumau.

Whakamāramatanga Hua

EN 10219-1/-2，S355J2H

Paerewa: EN 10219-1/-2

Teitei o te maitai: S355J2H

Whakaahuatanga Hua: Ko te S355J2H he maitai angiangi kore-koranu, he kaha teitei, he pakari hoki i te pāmahana iti. Ko te "S355" e tohu ana i te kaha whakaputa iti rawa o te 355 MPa, ko te "J2" e tohu ana i te kaha pānga Charpy V-notch o te 27J i te -20°Ko C, ā, ko "H" te tikanga mō te Cold-Formed. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o tēnei hua i roto i ngā hanganga hanga, ngā piriti, ngā mīhini tauranga, ngā papa tākaro, me ētahi atu mahi ahumahi.

Ko ngā raraunga e whai ake nei he whakatau tata whakatauira i runga i ngā ia o ngā raraunga hokohoko tūmatanui me ngā pūrongo tātari, i hangaia hei whakaatu i te āhua o te mākete.

Taonga

2022 Whakatau Tata

2023 Whakatau Tata

Ngā Tuhipoka

180,000 - 220,000

170,000 - 210,000

Kei runga i te hiahia o te mākete me te taumata o ngā rawa.

Te Rōrahi Kawemai Katoa (Tāne)

Pāngia ana e ngā piki me ngā heke o te utu o te maitai.

Uara Kawemai Katoa (EUR)

Te utu, te inihua, me te utanga.

Utu CIF Toharite

Ngā tauranga matua o Ūropi.

Ngā Tauranga Tomokanga Matua

Antwerp (BE), Rotterdam (NL), Hamburg (DE)

Antwerp (BE), Rotterdam (NL), Hamburg (DE)

3. Tātaritanga o ngā Whenua Kawemai Matua

1. Tiamana

Ngā Āhuatanga Ārahi: Ko te kaha o ngā rāngai hanga me ngā rāngai motuka, me ngā mahi hanga tonu, e akiaki ana i te hiahia mō te maitai hanganga kounga teitei.

2. Belgium

Ngā Take Whakaoho: Ko te tauranga o Antwerp tētahi o ngā pokapū nui mō ngā mahi kawe maitai i Ūropi, ā, he maha ngā uta e tukuna ana ki konei hei tohatoha ki ētahi atu whenua Ūropi.

3. Hōrana

Ngā Take Whakaoho: Ko te tauranga o Rotterdam, he rite ki Antwerp, he kuwaha matua. Ka whai wāhi atu hoki te hanga whare me te hanga taputapu ahuwhenua ki te tono.

4. Itari

Ngā Take Whakaoho: Ko ngā kaupapa hanga ahumahi me ngā kaupapa hanganga te mea e whakakaha ake ana i te hiahia mō ngā ngongo maitai hanganga.

5. Wīwī me Pōrana

Ngā Take Ārahi: Ngā mākete hanga pumau me te tipu o ngā ahumahi.

4. Ngā Ārahi me ngā Wero o te Mākete

Ngā taraiwa:

Whakataetae Utu: He iti ake te utu mō ngā ngongo S355J2H i hangaia i Haina i ērā o ngā hua o roto o Ūropi.

Te Pūmanawa me te Tuku Pūmau: Mā te kaha whakaputa nui o ngā mira Hainamana ka pumau te tuku me te whānuitanga o ngā whakaritenga.

Te Whakamōhiotanga Kounga: He maha ngā kaihanga Hainamana kua whiwhi i te tohu CE, ngā tiwhikete ISO, me ētahi atu, ā, e whakaaetia whānuitia ana te kounga o ā rātou hua i te mākete Pākehā.

Ngā Wero:

Ngā Tikanga Ārai-Para o te EU: Ka whakatakoto te EU i ngā takoha ā-para ki ētahi wāhanga hanganga tuwhera i ahu mai i Haina, ka nui ake te pikinga o ngā utu kawemai, ā, koinei te arai hokohoko nui rawa atu.

Te Whakahaere me te Wā Arataki: He roa te wā whakawhiti utanga moana mai i Haina ki Ūropi, me te mōrearea o te whakararuraru i te mekameka tuku.

Tikanga Whakatikatika Rohe Waro: Tērā pea ka pā te CBAM ā muri ake nei ki te whakataetae utu o ngā hua he nui te tapuwae waro.

Whakataetae ā-Rohe: He pai ngā mira o Ūropi (hei tauira, ArcelorMittal, Tenaris) mō te kounga ratonga, te tere tuku, me te whakaritenga.

5. Te Tirohanga ki te Ao o Muri Mai

Mō te wā poto (2024): E matapaetia ana ka noho pumau tonu ngā rahinga kawemai. Ko ngā āhuatanga ā-rohe, ngā utu pūngao, me ngā huringa pea o ngā kaupapa here hokohoko a te EU ka whai pānga nui ki tēnei.

Wā Waenga-ki-te-Roa: I te whanaketanga o ngā rautaki maitai matomato me ngā rautaki whakawātea mekameka tuku a Ūropi, tera pea ka nui ake te pēhanga e pā ki ngā kaiwhakarato Hainamana. Ko te whakawhiti ki ngā hua he nui ake te uara tāpiri, he pai ake te taiao te mea nui ki te pupuri i te wāhi mākete.

He hua kawemai nui tonu ngā ngongo maitai EN10219 S355J2H i hangaia i Haina i te mākete o Ūropi, inā koa mō ngā kaupapa e aro nui ana ki te utu me ngā whakaritenga paerewa. Ahakoa ngā arai tauhokohoko nui, ka mau tonu te wāhi mākete pumau o ō rātou painga utu me te mekameka tuku kua pakeke. I ngā rā kei te heke mai, me mahi e ngā kaikawemai me ngā kaiwhakamahi mutunga he tauwhitinga whānui i waenga i te utu, te pono o te mekameka tuku, te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga tauhokohoko, me te pumau.