First, oil and gas. This is the largest market for seamless steel pipes. The standard for casing, tubing and drill pipe used in the upstream opening is API 5CT, and the materials include J55, K55, L80 and P110. Pipeline tubes for downstream long-distance pipelines, standard API 5L, material X42 to X80. In 2025, the proportion of China's seamless steel pipe exports to the Middle East will be 42%, and that's the majority.

Second, refining and chemical plants and power stations. Stainless steel and alloy steel pipes for refining and chemical plants, high-pressure boiler tubes for power station boilers, such as P91 and P92.Common standards: GB 5310, ASTM A335, ASTM A213. Material: 15CrMoG, 12Cr1MoVG, as well as P11, P22, P91, P92. Although the European market only accounts for a small portion of seamless pipe exports, many of them are such high value-added products.

Third, architecture, municipal works, and roads and Bridges. There is a large demand for welded pipes in this field. Common standards: GB/T 3091, ASTM A53, EN 10219. The main materials are carbon steel Q235B and Q355B. The countries along the Belt and Road Initiative have a large demand for infrastructure, and the export of welded pipes has increased significantly in recent years.

Fourth, mechanical manufacturing. High-precision cold-drawn precision seamless tubes are used in hydraulic cylinder barrels, drive shafts and shock absorbers. Standards: GB/T 3639, EN 10305-1, ASTM A519. Material: 20#, 45#, 40Cr, 35CrMo. In addition, the new energy sector is also growing: wind power towers, photovoltaic brackets, and hydrogen gas cylinders are all using steel pipes."

The above several points are the main destinations for steel pipe exports in the international market. In the next issue, I will share with you the main international terminals for each application, setting a clear direction for our steel pipe foreign trade