Machubu achitsulo opanda msoko a Chromium molybdenum (Cr Mo) ogwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma bowola ofunikira, ma bowola amafakitale, ndi uvuni wa petrochemical pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu. Amatha kugawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi miyeso yaukadaulo iyi.

1. Kugawa ndi Gulu la Chitsulo kapena Mtundu (Gulu la Pakati)

Mlingo wa chubu chopanda msoko cha Cr Mo umatsimikizira mwachindunji kutentha ndi kuthamanga kwake koyenera. Mlingo wofanana ndi miyezo yofanana ndi iyi yalembedwa pansipa.

Kalasi yachitsulo kapena Mtundu
Muyezo
Kuchuluka kwa Cr (peresenti)
Kuchuluka kwa mwezi (peresenti)
Kutentha kwachitsulo komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito (digiri Celsius)
Ntchito yachizolowezi

15CrMoG
GB/T 5310
0.80 mpaka 1.10
0.25 mpaka 0.35
mpaka 550
chotenthetsera chapamwamba, chotenthetseranso, mutu

12Cr1MoVG
GB/T 5310
0.90 mpaka 1.20
0.25 mpaka 0.35
mpaka 580
chotenthetsera kutentha kwambiri, chotenthetsera kutentha kwambiri

12Cr2MoG
GB/T 5310
2.00 mpaka 2.50
0.90 mpaka 1.10
mpaka 600
zigawo za boiler zotentha kwambiri kapena zosafunikira

T11 / P11
ASTM A213 /A335
1.00 mpaka 1.50
0.44 mpaka 0.65
mpaka 540
Machubu otenthetsera pamwamba pa boiler (T11), mitu ndi mapaipi (P11)

T22 / P22
ASTM A213 / A335
2.00 mpaka 2.50
0.87 mpaka 1.13
mpaka 580
chotenthetsera kutentha kwambiri, chotenthetsera kutentha kwambiri

T91 / P91
ASTM A213 / A335
8.00 mpaka 9.50
0.85 mpaka 1.05
mpaka 650
boiler yotenthetsera yotentha kwambiri

T92 / P92
ASTM A213 / A335
8.50 mpaka 9.50
0.30 mpaka 0.60
mpaka 650
zigawo zomwe zimafuna mphamvu yokwera kwambiri

Zindikirani: Mu GB/T 5310, chiganizo chachiwiri G chikuyimira chubu cha boiler champhamvu kwambiri. Mu miyezo ya ku America, T series (Tube) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa machubu ang'onoang'ono otenthetsera pamwamba, pomwe P series (Pipe) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma headers ndi mapaipi akuluakulu.

2. Kugawa ndi Malo Ogawira Zinthu a Boiler

Malo ogwirira ntchito
Magiredi ofanana
Kutentha kwachitsulo kwanthawi zonse (digiri Celsius)
Zofunikira zazikulu

Chubu cha khoma la madzi
15CrMoG, 20G
400 mpaka 500
kukana okosijeni, mphamvu yokwanira yokwawa

Chubu cha Superheater
12Cr1MoVG, T91, T92
550 mpaka 650
mphamvu yabwino kwambiri ya kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kwa okosijeni ndi nthunzi

Chubu chotenthetsera
12Cr1MoVG, T91
550 mpaka 600
chofanana ndi superheater koma chokhala ndi khoma lochepa pang'ono

Chubu cha Economizer
15CrMoG, 20G
pansi pa 450
kukana dzimbiri kwa gawo lotsika kutentha

Mutu
12Cr1MoVG, P22, P91
pafupi ndi kutentha kwa nthunzi
khoma lolimba, kukana kuthamanga, kusinthasintha bwino

Mapaipi akuluakulu a nthunzi
P22, P91, P92
540 mpaka 620
mphamvu yayikulu yokwera, kukana kutopa ndi kutentha

3. Kugawa Kutengera Njira Zopangira

Ngakhale kuti machubu onse ndi opanda msoko, machubu a Cr Mo a boiler grade ali ndi zofunikira zapadera pa ntchito.

Kugubuduza kotentha kapena kutulutsa kotentha: kupanga bwino kwambiri, kukula kwakukulu, pamwamba pake pali sikelo ya okosijeni. Yoyenera machubu okhuthala apakati mpaka akulu, monga ma headers ndi mapaipi akuluakulu a nthunzi.

Kujambula kozizira kapena kuzunguliza kozizira: kulondola kwakukulu (mpaka 0.05 mm kapena kuchepera), malo osalala. Oyenera machubu ang'onoang'ono a m'mimba mwake, opyapyala a khoma monga superheater ndi reheater serpentine coils.

Chojambula chozizira chokhala ndi kutentha kowala: ukhondo wamkati, palibe oxide scale. Choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito machubu amadzi odzaza ndi mphamvu komanso machubu a zida zolondola.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa aloyi, zitsulo za Cr Mo zimafuna kuwongolera kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa kutentha panthawi yozungulira kapena kutentha kuti zisawonongeke kapena kapangidwe kake kakhale kofanana.

4. Kugawa Kutengera Kukula kwa Khoma ndi Kukula kwa Makoma

Gulu
Kunja kwa mainchesi osiyanasiyana (mm)
Makulidwe a khoma (mm)
Ntchito yachizolowezi

Chubu chaching'ono cha m'mimba mwake
16 mpaka 89
2 mpaka 8
zotenthetsera ndi zotenthetsera zobwezeretsanso mphamvu ya njoka

Chitoliro chapakati cha m'mimba mwake
89 mpaka 219
6 mpaka 25
machubu otsikira pansi ndi olumikizira

Chubu chachikulu cha mainchesi
219 mpaka 610
20 mpaka 60
ma header ndi mapaipi akuluakulu a nthunzi

5. Kugawa Magulu Kutengera ndi Muyezo Woyenera

Misika yosiyanasiyana yotumiza kunja imafuna njira zosiyanasiyana zoyezera.

Muyezo waku China: GB/T 5310, magiredi monga 15CrMoG, 12Cr1MoVG, 12Cr2MoG.

Muyezo waku America: ASTM A213 ya mainchesi ang'onoang'ono, A335 ya mainchesi akuluakulu, magiredi monga T11, T22, T91, P11, P22, P91.

Muyezo wa ku Europe: EN 10216-2, magiredi monga 13CrMo4-5, 10CrMo5-5, X10CrMoVNb9-1 (ofanana ndi T91).

Muyezo wa Chijeremani: DIN 17175 (wosinthidwa ndi EN koma umagwiritsidwabe ntchito pamapulojekiti akale), magiredi monga 13CrMo44, 10CrMo910.

Muyezo wapadziko lonse lapansi: ISO 9329-2, magiredi ofanana.

6. Kugawa Kutengera ndi Mkhalidwe Wotumizira

Momwe machubu a Cr Mo amaperekera zinthu zimakhudza mwachindunji momwe amagwirira ntchito.

Yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika (N kuphatikiza T): kukhazikika kutsatiridwa ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamachubu ambiri a Cr Mo monga 15CrMoG ndi 12Cr1MoVG.

Kukhazikika (N): kusintha kokha. Kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito zomwe kutentha kochepa sikofunikira kwambiri.

Kuzimitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa (Q kuphatikiza T): kuzimitsidwa kutsatiridwa ndi kutenthedwa. Kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mphamvu yayikulu komanso kulimba kwambiri, mwachitsanzo T91 ndi P91.

Yankho lokonzedwa (S): Limatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwambiri kenako limaziziritsidwa mofulumira. Limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa machubu a Cr Mo osapanga dzimbiri monga TP347H (ali ndi Cr koma osati chitsulo cha Cr Mo wamba).