GB/T 5310-2017 ndiye mfundo zaukadaulo zamapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika a ma boiler okhala ndi mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri mu muyezo wa dziko la China. Imagwira ntchito popanga ma boiler a nthunzi, mapaipi, ndi zida zina zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri kapena kupitirira apo.
Muyezo uwu umakhudza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsulo za alloy, zomwe 12CrMoG ndi 15CrMoG ndi zitsulo ziwiri za alloy zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso zabwino zake zazikulu.
12CrMoGNdi chitsulo cha chromium-molybdenum alloy chomwe chili ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana okosijeni. Ndi choyenera ma boiler superheaters, ma reheaters, mapaipi a nthunzi, ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimagwira ntchito kutentha kotsika kuposa 540°C. Ubwino wake ndi monga kulimba kwambiri komanso kulimba, komanso kuthekera kosunga mawonekedwe okhazikika a makina pansi pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri. Chilinso ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kusinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupanga ndikuyika.

15CrMoGndi chitsulo china cha chromium-molybdenum alloy chomwe chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kuposa 12CrMoG. Ndi choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida za boiler zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito kutentha kochepera 550°C. Chipangizochi chimapereka mphamvu yokwera kwambiri komanso kukana okosijeni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera kwambiri popanga zida zofunika monga ma boiler headers ndi mapaipi akuluakulu a nthunzi. 15CrMoG imakhalanso ndi kukana kwambiri ku dzimbiri la hydrogen, zomwe zimaletsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu m'malo otentha kwambiri komanso opanikizika kwambiri a hydrogen komanso kukulitsa moyo wa zida.

Zitsulo ziwirizi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'zida zotentha kwambiri komanso zopanikizika kwambiri m'mafakitale amagetsi, petrochemical, ndi mankhwala. Ubwino wawo umaonekera makamaka m'mbali izi: Choyamba, zimakhala ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zamakanika zotentha kwambiri, zomwe zimawathandiza kupirira mikhalidwe yogwira ntchito yotentha kwambiri komanso yopanikizika kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali; chachiwiri, zimakhala ndi kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri kwa kapangidwe kake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke kwambiri panthawi yogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali; chachitatu, zimakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kusinthasintha, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga ndi kukonza; ndipo pomaliza, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumathandizira kwambiri chitetezo cha zida ndi kudalirika, kumachepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito komanso kukonza, komanso kumachepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.

Zitsulo zina za alloy zogwira ntchito bwino zimapezekanso kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za kutentha kosiyanasiyana, kupanikizika, ndi malo owononga.

20G(Chitsulo cha Mpweya)
Ngakhale 20G si chitsulo chopangidwa ndi alloy, ndi chinthu chofunikira chomwe chalembedwa mu GB/T 5310-2017 ngati chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha kaboni, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu zinthu zotentha zotsika monga ma economizer ndi ma superheater otsika kutentha. Ubwino wake ndi monga mtengo wotsika komanso mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zomangira ndi kuwotcherera. Ndi yoyenera mapaipi a boiler apakati ndi otsika mphamvu omwe kutentha kwake sikuyenera kupitirira 450°C.
12Cr1MoVG
12Cr1MoVG ndi chitsulo cha chromium-molybdenum-vanadium chokhala ndi mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri pa kutentha komanso kukana okosijeni poyerekeza ndi 12CrMoG ndi 15CrMoG. Kuwonjezera kwa vanadium kumawonjezera mphamvu ya zinthuzo komanso kupirira kwake, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zigwire bwino ntchito m'malo otentha kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali. 12Cr1MoVG ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma boiler superheaters amphamvu, ma reheaters, ndi mapaipi akuluakulu a nthunzi okhala ndi kutentha kosakwana 570°C.
25MnG(Chitsulo Chochepa cha Manganese)
25MnG ndi chitsulo chopanda aloyi wochepa chomwe chili ndi manganese wambiri, chomwe chimapereka mphamvu komanso kulimba bwino poyerekeza ndi 20G. Chili ndi mphamvu zambiri zokolola komanso mphamvu yokoka pomwe chimasunga bwino kusunthika. 25MnG ndi yoyenera zigawo za boiler zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kokwera pang'ono, monga machubu a superheater ndi mapaipi a nthunzi m'maboiler apakati. Kutentha kwake kogwirira ntchito nthawi zambiri sikupitirira 480°C. Pa zigawo za boiler zomwe zimafunikira kutentha kotsika, chitsulo cha kaboni cha 20G chimakondedwa chifukwa cha magwiridwe ake otsika mtengo. Kutentha kukafika pa 450°C, 25MnG ndi njira ina. Pa kutentha pakati pa 450-500°C, 15MoG imalimbikitsidwa. Pa kutentha pakati pa 500-530°C, 20MoG ndi njira yoyenera kwambiri. Mitundu iyi yopanda aloyi ndi yopanda aloyi wochepa, kuphatikiza ndi chitsulo chopanda aloyi wokwera, imatha kukonza ndalama zopangira boiler pomwe ikugwira ntchito bwino.