1. Pfupiso Yakajairika

NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 ndiyo mwero unozivikanwa pasi rose wekusarudza zvinhu zvesimbi zvinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzinogadzirwa mafuta negasi dzine H₂S. Yakaburitswa pamwe chete neNACE International (ikozvino AMPP) neInternational Organisation for Standardization (ISO), gadziridzo inoshanda parizvino ndeye ANSI/NACE MR0175-2021/ISO 15156:2020.

Kugadzwa kwemuyero uyu kunobva mukusundidzira kuri kuita indasitiri iyi muzvikamu zvakadzika uye zviwanikwa zviri kure kure negungwa. Sezvo kukura kweminda yemafuta negasi kuchiwedzera, ngura inokonzerwa nehydrogen sulfide yave kuramba ichikosha—kunyanya sulfide stress cracking (SSC), iyo inogona kukonzera brittle failure musimbi dzine kabhoni ine simba guru uye simbi dzisina alloy yakawanda, zvichikonzera njodzi huru.

2. Maumbirwo Akajairwa uye Kureba

Mutemo uyu wakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu, zvakabatanidzwa kuita faira rimwe chete rePDF, uye unosanganisira maTechnical Circulars akawanda akabudiswa muna 2021 na2022:

Chikamu	Chiyero	Zviri Mukati
Chikamu 1	Nheyo Dzakajairika	Inotsanangura nharaunda isina kunaka, misimboti yekutanga yekusarudza zvinhu, nzira dzekusimbisa
Chikamu 2	Simbi dzeKabhoni neSimbi Dzisina Chidimbu	Miganhu yekuoma (≤22 HRC), zvinodiwa pakushongedza, kudzora kemikari
Chikamu 3	CRAs & Mamwe MaAlloys	Miganhu yezvakatipoteredza pamhuri ye alloy (tembiricha, pH₂S, huwandu hwe chloride)

Mutemo uyu unoshanda kumidziyo inoshandiswa mukugadzira mafuta negasi uye muzvifekitori zvinonatsa gasi rechisikigo uko kutadza kushanda kunogona kuisa njodzi kuhutano nekuchengetedzwa kweveruzhinji nevashandi kana kunharaunda. Unotarisa nzira dzese dzekutsemuka dzinokonzereswa neH₂S, kusanganisira SSC, SCC, HIC, SWC, nedzimwe.

3. Tsananguro yeNzvimbo Yakaora

Zvichienderana nemutemo, kana kumanikidzwa kwechikamu cheH₂S muchikamu chegasi kuchidarika 0.3 kPa (0.05 psia), nharaunda inoiswa muchikamu cheyakaoma, zvichida kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemutemo.

Midziyo inoshandiswa inosanganisira matsime emvura, miti yeKisimusi, masisitimu emapaipi, maparadzira, nzira dzekufambisa mvura dziri munzvimbo dzekugadzira, uye masisitimu emapaipi anotakura mahydrocarbon akaonda.

4. Zvinodiwa Zvinokosha

Simbi dzeKabhoni neSimbi Dzisina Alloy (Chikamu 2)

Kuomarara kwesimbi yekutanga, simbi yakasungirirwa, uye HAZ hazvifanirwe kudarika 22 HRC (248 HV10)

Kurapa kupisa mushure mekuweld (PWHT) kunosungirwa

Kudzora kwakasimba kwemakemikari kunodiwa

Alloys Inodzivirira Kuora (Chikamu 3)

Zvinhu zvinowanzo shandiswa zvinosanganisira: 316 SS, 6-moly alloys, 2507 duplex SS, Alloy 825, Alloy 625, Alloy C-276, uye Alloy 400. Chimwe nechimwe chine miganhu chaiyo yemamiriro ekunze ekupisa, kumanikidzwa kwechikamu cheH₂S, uye huwandu hwechloride.

5. Zviziviso Zvikuru uye Maonero Eramangwana

Chinyorwa cha2021/2020 chakaramba chichienderana nechinyorwa cha2003, nekuvandudzwa kwacho kuchiwedzera kuburikidza neTechnical Circulars. Muna 2018, matare ekutonga akabvumirana kuti pave nekunyora patsva kukuru kwaidiwa kuti pave nyore kushandisa uye kubatanidza kufambira mberi kweindasitiri.

Shanduro yakanyorwazve zvizere iri kunyorwa uye kuburitswa muISO, yakagadziridzwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvitsva:

Chikamu 1: Zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa zvinhu uye kugadzirisa zvinhu

Chikamu 2: Kuongorora nzvimbo yebasa uye kusarudzwa kwezvinhu

Chikamu 3: Zvinodiwa pakusimbisa, kupasa, uye kuvhota

Shanduro itsva iyi inopa ruzivo rwakawanda pamusoro pemaitiro ekuongororwa kweH₂S, kusanganisira nhungamiro pamusoro pekutorwa kwemasampuli, kusarudzwa kwenzira dzekuyedza, uye huwandu hwebvunzo hunodiwa kuti chigadzirwa chikwanise kunyoreswa.

6. Kukosha Kunoshanda

NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 inoshanda sehwaro hwekusarudza zvinhu mukugadzira mafuta negesi. Mutemo uyu unosimbisa kuti hapana simbi isina ngura isingakuvadzwe nekuora kunokonzerwa nechloride—kunzwisisa zvakakwana miganhu ye alloy kwakakosha pakusarudza zvinhu munzvimbo dzine ngura dzinoda. Midziyo inonyanya kukuvara, senge mavharuvhu, zvigadziko, uye zvishandiso, inoda kutevedzera mutemo uyu zvakanyanya. Zvinhu zvese zvinoshandisa ngura zvinofanirwa kuchengetedza kuteverwa kwakazara, nemagwaro ekuongorora mill anosimbisa kuyedzwa kwekuoma, kutevedzera makemikari, uye mamiriro ekurapa kupisa.

Munzvimbo dzine mafuta negesi, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu kunonyanya kutevedzera mwero weNACE MR0175 / ISO 15156. Mutemo uyu ndiwo "mutemo wegoridhe" wekuona kuti michina inoshanda zvakachengeteka munzvimbo dzine hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). Unosanganisira michina yese ine pressure nezvikamu, kubva kunzvimbo dzine source kusvika kune mayuniti ekugadzirisa zvinhu ari pasi.

Midziyo yekumusoro kwetsime neburi repasi: michina yekumusoro kwetsime, machubhu netambo dzekesi (machubhu ekugadzira, kesi).

Zvinhu zvepombi nekubatanidza: pombi yemutsetse inoshandiswa pakutumira mafuta negasi kure, semuenzaniso,API 5L giredhi X65 pombi yemutsetse, nezvimwewo.

Midziyo yekugadzirisa nekutamisa pamusoro: midziyo yekumanikidza, zvinoparadzanisa - michina ine kumanikidzwa inoshandiswa pakuparadzanisa nekugadzira mafuta/gasi.

Pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zvataurwa pamusoro apa, chiyero ichi chinosanganisirawo mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu, zvinosanganisira simbi yekabhoni, simbi isina alloy yakawanda, simbi isingatsvedzeri, uye alloys dzakavakirwa panickel.