Tuubooyinka birta ah ee aan kala go 'lahayn ee Chromium molybdenum (Cr Mo) ee loogu talagalay adeegga kuleyliyaha waa agab asaasi ah oo loo isticmaalo kuleyliyaha korontada, kuleyliyaha warshadaha, iyo foornooyinka batroolka ee heerkulka sare iyo cadaadiska sare leh. Waxaa loo kala saari karaa iyadoo loo eegayo cabbirrada farsamada ee soo socda.

1. Kala-soocidda Heerka Birta ama Nooca (Kala-soocidda Aasaasiga ah)

Heerka tuubada aan kala go 'lahayn ee Cr Mo si toos ah ayuu u go'aamiyaa heerkulka iyo cadaadiska khuseeya. Darajooyinka caadiga ah iyo heerarka u dhigma ayaa hoos ku taxan.

Nooca ama Nooca Birta
Heerka Caadiga ah
Tirada Cr (boqolkiiba)
Tirada Mo (boqolkiiba)
Heerkulka birta ee la dabaqi karo (heer Celsius)
Codsiga caadiga ah

15CrMoG
GB/T 5310
0.80 ilaa 1.10
0.25 ilaa 0.35
ilaa 550
kuleyliyaha sare, dib-u-kuleyliyaha, madaxa

12Cr1MoVG
GB/T 5310
0.90 ilaa 1.20
0.25 ilaa 0.35
ilaa 580
kuleyliyaha heerkulka sare, dib-u-kuleyliyaha heerkulka sare

12Cr2MoG
GB/T 5310
2.00 ilaa 2.50
0.90 ilaa 1.10
ilaa 600
qaybaha heerkulka sare ee kuleyliyaha hoose ama aadka u muhiimka ah

T11 / P11
ASTM A213 /A335
1.00 ilaa 1.50
0.44 ilaa 0.65
ilaa 540
Tuubooyinka dusha sare ee kuleyliyaha kuleyliyaha (T11), madaxyada iyo tuubooyinka (P11)

T22 / P22
ASTM A213 / A335
2.00 ilaa 2.50
0.87 ilaa 1.13
ilaa 580
kuleyliyaha heerkulka sare, dib-u-kuleyliyaha heerkulka sare

T91 / P91
ASTM A213 / A335
8.00 ilaa 9.50
0.85 ilaa 1.05
ilaa 650
kuleyliyaha aadka u daran ee dusha sare ee kuleylka heerkulka sare

T92 / P92
ASTM A213 / A335
8.50 ilaa 9.50
0.30 ilaa 0.60
ilaa 650
qaybaha u baahan xoog xitaa sare oo gurguurta

Fiiro gaar ah: GB/T 5310, daba-galka G wuxuu u taagan yahay tuubada kuleyliyaha ee cadaadiska sare leh. Heerarka Mareykanka, taxanaha T (Tuubo) waxaa loo isticmaalaa tuubooyinka dusha sare ee kululaynta dhexroor yar, halka taxanaha P (Tuubo) loo isticmaalo madaxyada dhexroorka weyn iyo tuubooyinka.

2. Kala-soocidda iyadoo loo eegayo booska Qaybta Kuleyliyaha

Booska qaybta
Darajooyinka caadiga ah
Heerkulka birta caadiga ah (degree Celsius)
Shuruudaha muhiimka ah

Tuubada derbiga biyaha
15CrMoG, 20G
400 ilaa 500
iska caabin oksaydh, xoog ku filan oo gurguurta

Tuubo kululeeyaha sare leh
12Cr1MoVG, T91, T92
550 ilaa 650
xoog heerkulka sare ee gurguurta oo aad u fiican iyo iska caabin oksaydheynta uumiga

Tuubada dib-u-kuleyliyaha
12Cr1MoVG, T91
550 ilaa 600
la mid ah kuleyliyaha sare laakiin leh derbi yar oo khafiif ah

Tuubada Dhaqaalaha
15CrMoG, 20G
ka hooseeya 450
iska caabbinta daxalka ee qaybta heerkulka hooseeya

Cinwaan
12Cr1MoVG, P22, P91
heerkulka uumiga u dhow
derbi qaro weyn, iska caabin cadaadis, alxan wanaagsan

Tuubooyinka uumiga ugu weyn
P22, P91, P92
540 ilaa 620
xoog sare oo gurguurta, iska caabinta daalka kulaylka

3. Kala-soocidda Habka Wax-soo-saarka

In kasta oo dhammaantood ay yihiin tuubooyin aan kala go 'lahayn, haddana tuubooyinka Cr Mo ee heerka kuleyliyaha leh waxay leeyihiin shuruudo gaar ah oo habka loo maro.

Duubista kulul ama fidinta kulul: hufnaan wax soo saar oo sareysa, baaxad ballaaran, dusha sare oo leh miisaan oksaydh. Ku habboon tuubooyinka derbiga ee dhexroorka dhexe ilaa weyn, sida madaxyada iyo tuubooyinka uumiga ugu weyn.

Sawir qabow ama duubid qabow: saxnaan cabbir sare leh (ilaa lagu daray ama laga jaray 0.05 mm), dusha siman. Ku habboon tuubooyinka derbiga ee yar yar, kuwa khafiifka ah sida kuleyliyaha sare iyo gariiradaha serpentine ee dib u kululeeyaha.

Sawir qabow oo leh daaweyn kuleyl dhalaalaya: nadiifin gudaha ah oo sare, miisaan oksaydh la'aan ah. Ku habboon tuubooyinka biyaha quudinta ee cadaadiska sare leh iyo tuubooyinka qalabka saxda ah.

Sababtoo ah maadada birta badan ee ay ka kooban tahay, birta Cr Mo waxay u baahan yihiin xakameyn adag oo heerkulka kuleylka iyo heerka isbeddelka inta lagu jiro rogrogidda kulul ama fidinta kulul si looga fogaado dildilaaca ama qaab-dhismeedka yar ee aan isku midka ahayn.

4. Kala-soocidda iyadoo loo eegayo Dhexroorka Dibadda iyo Dhumucda Darbiga

Qaybta
Kala duwanaanshaha dhexroorka dibadda (mm)
Kala duwanaanshaha dhumucda derbiga (mm)
Codsiga caadiga ah

Tuubo dhexroor yar
16 ilaa 89
2 ilaa 8
gariiradaha serpentine ee kululeeyaha iyo dib-u-kuleyliyaha

Tuubo dhexroor dhexdhexaad ah
89 ilaa 219
6 ilaa 25
tuubooyinka hoos u dhaadhaca iyo kuwa isku xira

Tuubo dhexroor weyn
219 ilaa 610
20 ilaa 60
madaxyada iyo tuubooyinka uumiga ugu weyn

5. Kala soocidda Heerka Khuseeya

Suuqyada kala duwan ee dhoofinta waxay u baahan yihiin nidaamyo kala duwan oo heer sare ah.

Heerka Shiinaha: GB/T 5310, darajooyin sida 15CrMoG, 12Cr1MoVG, 12Cr2MoG.

Heerka Mareykanka: ASTM A213 ee dhexroorka yar, A335 ee dhexroorka weyn, darajooyin sida T11, T22, T91, P11, P22, P91.

Heerka Yurub: EN 10216-2, darajooyin sida 13CrMo4-5, 10CrMo5-5, X10CrMoVNb9-1 (oo u dhiganta T91).

Heerka Jarmalka: DIN 17175 (waxaa lagu beddelay EN laakiin wali loo isticmaalaa mashaariicdii hore), darajooyin sida 13CrMo44, 10CrMo910.

Heerka caalamiga ah: ISO 9329-2, darajooyinka u dhigma.

6. Kala soocidda Xaaladda Bixinta

Xaaladda keenista tuubooyinka Cr Mo waxay si toos ah u saamaysaa waxqabadkooda adeeg.

Caadi ah oo la hagaajiyay (N iyo T): caadi ah oo ay ku xigto heerkul sare oo la kululeeyo. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa inta badan tuubooyinka Cr Mo sida 15CrMoG iyo 12Cr1MoVG.

Caadiyeysan (N): caadiyeyn kaliya. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa codsiyada halka shuruudaha saameynta heerkulka hooseeya aysan muhiim ahayn.

Demin iyo la hagaajiyay (Q iyo T): damin ka dibna la kululeeyo. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa shuruudaha xoogga sare iyo adkeysiga sare, tusaale ahaan qaar ka mid ah T91 iyo P91.

Xalka la daweeyay (S): waxaa lagu kululeeyaa heerkul sare ka dibna si degdeg ah ayaa loo qaboojiyaa. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa tuubooyinka Cr Mo ee aan lahayn birta austenitic sida TP347H (waxaa ku jira birta Cr laakiin aan ahayn birta caadiga ah ee Cr Mo).