—— Sanonpipe, Mofani oa Hao ea Tšepahalang oa Li-Tube tsa Tšepe tse Tloaelehileng tsa Russia

I. Kakaretso e Tloaelehileng: Lejoe la Sekhutlo la Liphaephe tse se nang Mohomo tse Huloang ke Batang tsa Russia

GOST 8734-75(sehlooho se felletseng: Liphaephe tsa tšepe tse se nang seamless tse holofetseng tse batang. Sebaka) ke Russia (eo e kileng ea e-ba USSR)tekanyetso ea tekanyo/mefuta e fapanengbakeng sa lipeipi tsa tšepe tse se nang mohele tse huloang ka serame kapa tse phuthoang ka serame. E qalile ho sebetsa ka la 1 Pherekhong 1977. Tekanyetso ena e akaretsa lipeipi tse se nang mohele tse entsoeng ka serame (tse hlahisoang ke ho phuthoa ka serame kapa ho hula ka serame) kabophara ba kantle ba 1 mm ho isa ho 200 mmlebotenya ba lebota ho tloha ho 0.2 mm ho isa ho 22 mm.

Mokhoa oa ho hula/ho pitikisa ka serame o fa lipeipi ho nepahala ho phahameng haholo le boleng bo botle ba bokaholimo. Ka ho fetoha ha serame, lithollo tsa tšepe lia hloekisoa, 'me boima ba tšepe le thepa ea mechini li ntlafala haholo. Theknoloji ena ea ho etsa serame ka nepo e etsa hore lipeipi li be betere ho feta lipeipi tse tloaelehileng tse pitikisang ka mocheso mabapi le mamello ea litekanyo, ho tsepamisa maikutlo le qetello ea bokaholimo - e leng se etsang hore li be ntle bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng, litsamaiso tsa hydraulic, meaho ea mechini e nepahetseng haholo le lits'ebetso tse ling tse ngata tse hlokang boiteko.

Tekanyetso e thehiloe ho latela maemo a machabaСТ СЭВ 1483-78mme e amohetswe ke Komiti ya Maemo ya Naha ya USSR ka la 13 Mphalane 1975 (Taelo ya Nomoro ya 2604). Kgatiso ya hajwale e sebetsang ke kgatiso e ntjha ya 2007.

II. Sistimi e Tloaelehileng: Kamano e Tšoanang pakeng tsa GOST 8734 le GOST 8733

Tsamaisong ea maemo a Russia,GOST 8734-75e tlameha ho sebelisoa hammoho le litlhaloso tsa eona tsa tekheniki tse tsamaellanang le eonaGOST 8733-87(Lipeipi tsa tšepe tse se nang sebopeho se batang tse se nang sekoli – Maemo a tekheniki). Hammoho li theha tekanyetso e felletseng ea sehlahisoa bakeng sa lipeipi tsa tšepe:

E tloaelehileng	Sebaka	Karolo
GOST 8734-75	Bophara ba bophara ba kantle, letoto la botenya ba lebota, mamello ea litekanyo, mefuta ea bolelele le liphapang tse lumelletsoeng, boima ba khopolo-taba	“Se shebahala joang” – litekanyo
GOST 8733-87	Mekhahlelo ea tšepe, sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale, thepa ea mechini, liteko tsa ts'ebetso, liteko tsa hydraulic, melao ea tlhahlobo, ho tšoaea, ho paka	"Thepa efe le hore na e matla hakae" - litlhoko tsa tekheniki

Lengolo la theko: Litokomaneng tsa boenjiniere kapa liodara tsa theko,GOST 8733 le GOST 8734 hangata li qotsoa hammoho– ba bopa para e sa arohanngweng.

III. Mefuta le Tlhophiso ea Litekanyo

3.1 Mefuta e fapaneng

Tekanyetso ea GOST 8734-75 e akaretsa litekanyo tse latelang:

Paramethara	Sebaka
Bophara ba kantle	1 – 200 mm
Botenya ba lebota	0.2 – 22 mm
Bolelele (ka mokhoa o sa reroang)	1.5 – 11.5 m
Bolelele (bo tsitsitseng)	4.5 – 9 m(phapang e lekanyelitsoeng +10 mm)

3.2 Tlhophiso ka botenya ba lebota

Ho latela karolelano ea bophara ba kantle (D) le botenya ba lebota (s), lipeipi li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse 'ne:

Sehlopha	Karolelano ea D/s	Tlhaloso
Lebota le lesesaane haholo	D/s > 40	E bobebe haholo, bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse bolokang boima
Lebota le lesesaane	D/s = 12.5 – 40	Liphaephe tse tloaelehileng tsa lebota le lesesaane
Lebota le teteaneng	D/s = 6 – 12.5	Bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho jara khatello
Lebota le teteaneng haholo	D/s < 6	Lisebelisoa tsa khatello e feteletseng

3.3 Tokoloho ea bophara ba kantle

Bophara ba bophara ba kantle (mm)	Ho kheloha ho lumelletsoeng (mm)
4 – 10	± 0.15
>10 – 30	± 0.30
>30 – 50	± 0.40
>50	± 0.8%

3.4 Mamello ea botenya ba lebota

Botenya ba lebota (mm)	Ho kheloha ho lumelletsoeng
≤1.0	± 0.12 mm
>1.0 – 5.0	± 10%
>5.0	± 8%

3.5 Litlhoko tsa ho otloloha

Bophara ba bophara ba kantle (mm)	Sekoti se phahameng ka ho fetisisa ka bolelele ba mithara
4 – 8	≤ 3 mm
>8 – 10	≤ 2 mm
>10	≤ 1.5 mm

Hlokomela: Bakeng sa lipeipi tse nang le bophara ba kantle ba 20-90 mm, tlhoko e thata ea ho otloloha ea≤ 1 mm ka bolelele ba mitharaho ka lumellanoa ka hona.

IV. Palo ea Boima ba Khopolo-taba

GOST 8734-75 e sebelisa mokhoa o latelang ho bala boima ba khopolo-taba ka mithara ea tube:

M = 0.02466148 × s × (Dₙ − s)

Moo:

M= boima ka mithara (kg)

Dₙ= bophara bo tloaelehileng ba kantle (mm)

s= botenya ba lebota (mm)

Botenya ba tšepe= 7.85 g/cm³

Sehlomathiso se tloaelehileng se fana ka litafole tse felletseng tsa boima bakeng sa metsoako eohle ea bophara ba kantle le botenya ba lebota ho tloha ho 0.3 mm ho isa ho 24 mm. Mehlala:

Bakeng sa lebota la 30 mm OD × 2.5 mm, boima ba khopolo-taba ≈ 1.696 kg/m

Bakeng sa lebota la 76 mm OD × 4.0 mm, boima ba khopolo-taba ≈ 7.102 kg/m

V. Mekhahlelo ea Tšepe e Fumanehang

Ho ea ka maemo a tloaelehileng a GOST 8733-87, lipeipi tse se nang moqhaka tse huloang ka serame li ka hlahisoa ka mefuta e fapaneng ea limaraka tsa tšepe ea carbon le alloy:

Sehlopha sa tšepe	Mofuta	Tšebeliso e tloaelehileng
Sehlopha sa 10, Sehlopha sa 20	Tšepe ea sebopeho sa carbon ea boleng bo holimo	Tsamaiso ea mokelikeli, meaho e akaretsang
Sehlopha sa 35, Sehlopha sa 45	Tšepe ea sebopeho sa carbon ea boleng bo holimo	Tlhahiso ea mechini, likarolo tsa meaho tse matla haholo
09Г2С (09G2S)	Tšepe e nang le motsoako o tlase	Tšebeletso ea mocheso o tlase, meaho e matla haholo

Tekano ea machaba: Liphaephe tse se nang mohele tse huloang ka mokhoa o batang tsa GOST 8734-75 li tšoana haholo ts'ebetsong le ts'ebelisong ea tsona.ASTM A519(khabone e se nang seamless le tšepe e kopantsoeng ka mechine ea tšepe).

VI. Masimo a Tloaelehileng a Kopo

Ka lebaka laho nepahala ho phahameng, qetello e boreleli ea bokaholimo le ho tsepamisa mohopolo ho babatsehang, Liphaephe tse se nang mohele tse huloang ka serame tsa GOST 8734-75 li sebelisoa haholo ho:

Tšimo ea kopo	Tšebeliso e itseng	Hobaneng ho khethiloe
Mechini e nepahetseng	Li-shaft tse nepahetseng, li-cylinder tsa hydraulic, likarolo tsa pneumatic	Ho nepahala ho phahameng, ho tsepamisa mohopolo hantle
Sistimi ea haeteroliki le ea pneumatic	Liphaephe tsa oli tse nang le khatello e phahameng, mela ea pneumatic	Boreleli ba kahare bo boreleli, khanyetso e tlase ea phallo
Indasteri ea likoloi	Liphaephe tsa ho monya modumo, liphaephe tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho tsamaisa	Ho tšoana ho tsitsitseng ha litekanyo
Khemik'hale ea Petrochemical	Liphaephe tsa lisebelisoa, mela ea ho latela	Khanyetso e tšepahalang ea khatello
Tlhahiso ea motlakase	Liphaephe tse thusang tsa boiler	Tshebetso e ntle ea mocheso o phahameng

Ha ho bapisoa le lipeipi tse phutholotsoeng ka ho chesa, mokhoa oa ho hula ka serame o etsa hore lipeipi tsa GOST 8734-75 li be betere ho:

Ho nepahala ha tekanyo: Li-tokelo tsa OD tse tiileng joalo ka ± 0.15 mm (boholo bo bonyenyane), li betere haholo ho feta tse phutholohileng ka ho chesa.

Boleng ba bokaholimo: E boreleli kahare le kantle – e loketse ho kopanngoa ka nepo ntle le ho e lokisa hape.

Ho tsepamisa mohopolo: Botenya ba lebota bo lekanang, bo loketse ts'ebetso e latelang ea ho nepahala.

VII. Litekanyetso tsa Maemo a Machaba

Sistimi e tloaelehileng	Tekanyetso e tsamaellanang	Tlhaloso
Chaena (GB)	GB/T 3639-2021	Liphaephe tsa tšepe tse se nang mohele tse huloang ka serame kapa tse phutholohileng ka serame
USA (ASTM)	ASTM A519	Seamless carbon le alloy tšepe mechine tube
Russia (GOST)	GOST 8734-75(litekanyo) +GOST 8733-87(maemo a tekheniki)	Li sebelisoa hammoho

Tlhokomeliso ea tekanoTekanyetso ea Sechaena e haufi haholo le GOST 8734-75 keGB/T 3639-2021(Li-tube tsa tšepe tse se nang moedi tse huloang ka serame kapa tse phutholohileng ka serame), tse lumellanang ts'ebetsong (ts'ebetso e batang e nepahetseng haholo) le ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso. Ho feta moo, GB/T 8162 (li-tube tse se nang moedi tse nang le sebopeho) le GB/T 8163 (li-tube tse se nang moedi tse tsamaisang metsi) li ka hlalosoa, empa GB/T 3639 e fana ka ts'ebetso e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea ho nepahala le ts'ebetso e batang.

VIII. Hobaneng o lokela ho kgetha Sanonpipe?

Melemo ea rona	Lintlha tse qaqileng
Tsebo e tloaelehileng	Kutloisiso e tebileng ea sistimi ea GOST 8733/8734 - re hlalosa ka nepo litlhoko tsohle tsa maemo a Russia
Tiisetso ea thepa	Mefuta e felletseng ea likereiti tse koahetsoeng – 10#, 20#, 45#, 09Г2С, jj., ka litifikeiti tse felletseng tsa thepa
Ho nepahala ho netefalitsoe	Lipeipi tsohle li entsoe ka tieo ho latela litlhoko tsa mamello tsa GOST 8734-75 - ho nepahala ho tšepahalang ha litekanyo
Mefuta e felletseng ea boholo	Re fana ka mefuta eohle ea bophara ba kantle1–200 mmle botenya ba lebota0.2–22 mm
Phano e potlakileng	Ka thepa e emeng ea lithane tse 20,000, litaelo tse potlakileng lia romelloamatsatsing a 7-15
Tšebeletso ea ho tloha qalong ho isa qetellong	Ho tloha ho dipatlisiso, tlhaloso ya botekgeniki le khotheishene ho ya ho ditokomane le ditsamaiso – ho tlisa thepa hang feela
Boitlamo ba ho se be le kotsi	Libaka tsa tlhahlobo tsa taolo ea boleng ba kahare tse fetang 240, le litokomane tse se nang liphapang tsa letho

IX. Ikopanye le Rona

Sanonpipe e inehetse ho faneng ka lipeipi tsa tšepe tse se nang sekoli tse lumellanang le GOST 8734-75 tsa boleng bo holimo ho bareki lefatšeng ka bophara. Hore na o hloka lipeipi tse nepahetseng tsa mechini, lipeipi tsa hydraulic kapa lipeipi tsa sebopeho, re fana ka tšehetso ea botekgeniki ea litsebi le litharollo tsa phepelo tse tenyetsehang.

Mohlala o tloaelehileng oa tlhaloso ea litlhaloso:

Труба стальная бесшовная холоднодеформированная 57×3.5 ГОСТ 8734-75 / В 20 ГОСТ 8733 87
(Thupe ea tšepe e se nang sekoli e huloang ka serame 57×3.5, litekanyo ho ea ka GOST 8734-75, sehlopha sa tšepe sa 20, maemo a tekheniki ho ea ka GOST 8733-87)

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