— Isikhokelo Esipheleleyo sezixhobo zeMibhobho yeNyukliya yaseRashiya kunye neZityalo zamandla ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu

I-Sanonpipe – Umthengisi wakho othembekileyo weetyhubhu zeBoiler ezisemgangathweni zaseRashiya ze-ТУ

I. Ukubekwa kweNkqubo eQhelekileyo: "Iinkcukacha zoBugcisa ezikhethekileyo" zeetyhubhu zeBoiler zamandla eNyukliya kunye nobushushu

I-ТУ 3-923-75yinkcazo yobugcisa ezinikeleyo (i-ТУ - Iimeko zoBugcisa) eyenziwe yiRashiya yeetyhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ezisetyenziswa kwiiinkqubo zebhoyila zesityalo samandla enyukliya kunye nesityalo samandla obushushuNgokungafaniyo nemigangatho yesizwe ngokubanzi (ГОСТ), imigangatho ye-ТУ idla ngokulungiselelwa ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso ethile, ibeka iimfuno zobugcisa ezingqongqo nezijolise ngakumbi.

Lo mgangatho usetyenziswa kakhulu ngabavelisi abakhulu bezixhobo ezinzima baseRashiya abanjengoНКМЗ (Isityalo Sokwakha Oomatshini saseNovokramatorsk)kwaye ngomnye wemigangatho ebalulekileyo yezixhobo zeenkqubo zokufaka imibhobho ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kumacandelo amandla enyukliya nawobushushu aseRashiya. Kuyo yonke iRashiya nakwimarike yeCIS, lo mgangatho usetyenziswa kakhulu kwimibhobho ephambili yomphunga wamandla enyukliya, iityhubhu ze-boiler superheater, iityhubhu zokuphinda zifudumale, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezibalulekileyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisiseko sobugcisa esibalulekileyo sokuthengwa kwemibhobho ekuveliseni amandla enyukliya nawobushushu.

Iimpawu eziphambili zomgangatho: ТУ 3-923-75 ibeka iimfuno ezingqongqo malunga nokwakheka kweekhemikhali, iimpawu zoomatshini, iinkqubo zonyango lobushushu, kunye nolawulo lokufakwa kwezinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwexesha elide phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo zezityalo zamandla enyukliya kunye neeyunithi ezibalulekileyo.

Ukwakheka kwezinto: Lo mgangatho ugubungela ikakhulu amanqanaba amabini angundoqo -16ГС (16GS)isinyithi esakhiweyo esingenamxube ophantsi kunye15Х1М1Ф (15Kh1M1F)intsimbi engatshisi ubushushu ene-alloy ephantsi.

II. Izinto eziyi-16ГС (16GS) ngokweenkcukacha – Intsimbi yoLwakhiwo oluPhantsi olunamandla aphezulu

16ГС(Uguqulelo lolwimi lwesiLatini:16GS) yintsimbi yokwakha enamandla aphantsi engaphantsi kwenkqubo esemgangathweni yaseRashiya, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwibhoyila, kwisitya soxinzelelo, nakwimveliso yezixhobo zesakhiwo ezidityanisiweyo.

Amanqaku alinganayo ngamazwe ngamazwe:

Inkqubo esemgangathweni	Ibanga elilinganayo	Amagqabaza
ITshayina (GB)	Q345D(ngaphambili16Mn)	Isinyithi solwakhiwo esinamandla aphezulu esinomxube ophantsi
Jikelele jikelele	Intsimbi yesakhiwo senkqubo ye-Mn-Si e-alloy ephantsi	—

Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali (wt%): Yintsimbi ye-manganese enekhabhoni ephantsi, enekhabhoni ephezulu enekhabhoni ≤0.20%, i-manganese 1.30–1.70%, kunye ne-silicon 0.50–0.80%, enika ukudityaniswa okuhle kakhulu kunye nokuqina kobushushu obuphantsi.

Iipropati zoomatshini:

Amandla okutsalwa: 470–640 MPa

Amandla okuvelisa: 305–345 MPa (kuxhomekeke kubukhulu)

Ukuqina kwempembelelo kubushushu obuphantsi: kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zempembelelo -40°C

Izicelo eziqhelekileyo:

Iinkqubo zemibhobho yebhoyila kwizityalo zamandla enyukliya kunye nezobushushu

Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwizakhiwo zeebhoyila zomphunga kunye neenqanawa zoxinzelelo

Izixhobo zoxinzelelo oluhlanganisiweyo kunye nezakhiwo zesinyithi

Iimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo: Iimpawu ze-16ГСukuwelda okuhle kakhulu, ukuqina okuhle kubushushu obuphantsi, kunye namandla aphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yinto ebalulekileyo yokufakela imibhobho yebhoyila kwizicelo zamandla enyukliya kunye nobushushu.

III. Izinto eziyi-15Х1М1Ф (15Kh1M1F) ngokweenkcukacha – Intsimbi eBenchmark Low-Alloy Heat-resistant Steel

15Х1М1Ф(Uguqulelo lolwimi lwesiLatini:15Kh1M1F) yintsimbi engatshisi ubushushu engaphantsi kwe-alloy ephantsi kwenkqubo esemgangathweni yaseRashiya, ebekwe ikakhulu kwiamandla enyukliya kunye nobushushu obuphezulu obuphezulu, inkonzo yoxinzelelo oluphezuluLe ntsimbi yomelezwe bubushushu eneeperile ibandakanya izinto ezidibanisa i-alloying ezifana ne-chromium (Cr), i-molybdenum (Mo), kunye ne-vanadium (V) ukuze yonyuse kakhulu amandla okuqhekeka kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukumelana ne-oxidation, kunye nokuzinza kwenkonzo yexesha elide.

Uhlalutyo loyilo lwezinto: 15ibonisa umxholo wekhabhoni omalunga ne-0.15%,Хimele i-chromium (Cr),1malunga nomxholo we-chromium omalunga ne-1%,Мkwi-molybdenum (Mo),1malunga nomxholo we-molybdenum omalunga ne-1%, kunyeФkwi-vanadium (V).

Amanqaku alinganayo ngamazwe ngamazwe:

Inkqubo esemgangathweni	Ibanga elilinganayo	Amagqabaza
ITshayina (GB/T 3077)	15Cr1Mo1V	Isinyithi esinganyangekiyo ubushushu esingena-alloy ephantsi, izinto eziphambili zeeyunithi zamandla obushushu basekhaya
IJamani (DIN/EN)	15CrMoV5-9 / 1.8521	—

Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali (wt%)– Iimfuneko eziqhelekileyo ngokwe-ТУ 3-923-75:

I-elementi	Uluhlu Lomxholo	Indima/Ingcaciso
C (Ikhabhoni)	0.10 – 0.16	Ilinganisela amandla kunye nokuqina
I-Si (iSilicon)	0.17 – 0.37	Iphucula ukumelana ne-oxidation
I-Mn (iManganese)	0.40 – 0.70	Yomeleza amandla kunye nokuqina
I-Cr (iChromium)	1.00 – 1.40	Yenza ifilimu ye-oxide exineneyo, enika ukugqwala kunye nokumelana nobushushu
IMo (iMolybdenum)	0.90 – 1.10	Inyusa amandla obushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokurhubuluza
V (iVanadium)	0.20 – 0.25	Iphucula ulwakhiwo lweenkozo kwaye iphucula amandla obushushu
I-Ni (iNickel)	≤ 0.25	Iphucula ukuqina
S (iSulphur)	≤ 0.025	—
I-P (iPhosphorus)	≤ 0.025	—

I-15Х1М1Ф ngokweekhemikhali isondele kakhulu kweyaseTshayina15Cr1Mo1V, esetyenziswe kakhulu kwiiyunithi zamandla obushushu ezingaphezulu kwama-20 ezingeniswe kwamanye amazwe ezingama-300 MW nangaphezulu kwiipayipi eziphambili zomphunga, ukufudumeza kwakhona iipayipi zomphunga, kunye neentloko. Ukuvuthwa kwayo kobugcisa kunye nokuthembeka kobunjineli kuqinisekiswe ngokupheleleyo.

Iipropati zoomatshini:

Amandla okutsalwa: ≥ 500 MPa

Amandla okuvelisa: ≥ 320 MPa

Ubude (δ5): ≥ 18% (i-longitudinal) / ≥ 16% (enqamlezileyo)

Ukuqina kwempembelelo (KCU): ≥ 500 kJ/m² (i-longitudinal) / ≥ 400 kJ/m² (i-transverse)

Iimpawu eziphambili zokusebenza:

Amandla obushushu: Ukongezwa okudibeneyo kweMo kunye neV kuphucula kakhulu amandla okuqhekeka kwe-creep xa kushushu kakhulu.

Uzinzo lwezakhiwo ezincinciEmva kokulungisa nokushisa okuphezulu, kufunyanwa isakhiwo se-bainite/sorbite esizinzileyo.

Ubushushu bokusebenza obucetyiswayo: Iyakwazi ukugcina inkonzo ezinzileyo ixesha elide kumaqondo obushushuukuya kuthi ga kwi +585°C.

Ukufaneleka kwenyukliya: Ifanelekile kwizixhobo zesikhululo samandla enyukliya (i-AC) kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho.

Iindawo eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa:

Isicelo	Ukusetyenziswa Okuthile	Iimeko zeNkonzo
Amandla enyukliya	Imigca ephambili yomphunga, imibhobho yezixhobo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu	Ubushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, indawo ejikelezileyo yemitha
Amandla obushushu	Iityhubhu ze-boiler ze-superheater ezibaluleke kakhulu/ezibaluleke kakhulu, iityhubhu ze-reheater, iipayipi eziphambili zomphunga	Amaqondo obushushu ≤585°C, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu
Ukuveliswa kwebhoyila	Iityhubhu zebhoyila ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, imibhobho yebhoyila yomphunga	Iiparameters zomphunga ophezulu, inkonzo yexesha elide
Iinqanawa zoxinzelelo	Imikhumbi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu	Uxinzelelo lobushushu obuphezulu

IV. Ubuchule bobuchwephesha boMgangatho we-ТУ 3-923-75

Njengomgangatho ozinikeleyo weetyhubhu zebhoyila zamandla enyukliya kunye nobushushu, i-ТУ 3-923-75 ibeka iimfuno zobugcisa ezingqongqo kakhulu:

Inkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu: Umgangatho uchaza unyango oluchanekileyo lobushushu lwe-15Х1М1Ф, ngesiqheloukulungisa + ukufudumala okuphezulu, ukufezekisa isakhiwo esizinzileyo se-bainite/i-sorbite ethambileyo. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu lumisela ngokuthe ngqo uzinzo lwesakhiwo se-microstructure kunye nokugcinwa kwepropathi yoomatshini ngexesha lenkonzo yexesha elide yobushushu obuphezulu.

Ulawulo oluqinileyo lokwakheka kweekhemikhali: Imida engqongqo kwizinto ezingcolisayo ezinobungozi ezifana nesalfure kunye ne-phosphorus iqinisekisa ukucoceka kunye nokuthembeka kwezinto xa zisetyenziswa ixesha elide kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

Uvavanyo olungatshabalalisiyo: Yonke ityhubhu kufuneka ivavanywe nge-ultrasound (UT) kunye novavanyo lwe-eddy current (ET) ukuqinisekisa ukukhululeka kwiziphene zangaphakathi.

V. Uqinisekiso loMgangatho kunye neNkxaso yokuThotyelwa kweMigangatho ye-CBAM

Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho:

Ibhetshi nganye iza nephethiloli epheleleyoIsiqinisekiso sovavanyo lweMill (MTC)

EN 10204 3.1/3.2izatifikethi ziyafumaneka xa ziceliwe

Ukuhlolwa ngumntu wesithathu nguI-SGS, i-BV, i-TÜViyaxhaswa

Ukulandeleka ngokupheleleyo ukusuka kwinani lobushushu ukuya kwimveliso egqityiweyo

Inkxaso yokuthotyelwa kwerhafu yekhabhoni ye-EU CBAM:

Sinikezela ngedatha yokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwimveliso ethile ngokusekelwe kumlinganiselo wokwenyani wendawo

Uncedo ekulungiseleleni izicwangciso zokubeka esweni, iingxelo zokukhupha ukungcola, kunye namanye amaxwebhu ophicotho-zincwadi

Ikunceda uphephe indlela yesohlwayo sexabiso elingagqibekanga le-EU kwaye unciphise iindleko zerhafu yekhabhoni

VI. Kutheni Ukhetha iSanonpipe?

Iingenelo Zethu	Iinkcukacha
Ubuchule obuqhelekileyo	Ukuqonda okunzulu kwe-ТУ 3-923-75 kunye nenkqubo yobugcisa yaseRashiya, kunye nokutolikwa ngokuchanekileyo kweemfuno zetyhubhu yebhoyila yamandla enyukliya kunye nobushushu
Uqinisekiso lwezinto eziphathekayo	Izatifikethi ezipheleleyo zezinto ze-16ГС kunye ne-15Х1М1Ф, kunye nokunikezelwa ngaxeshanye kwamaxwebhu alinganayo eRashiya naseTshayina
Uluhlu olubanzi lobungakanani	Ifumaneka ngobubanzi obungaphandle10–630 mmkunye nobukhulu bodonga1–32 mm, egubungela iimfuno eziphambili
Ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza	Ixhaswa yisitokhwe esimiyo esingangeetoni ezingama-20,000; iiodolo zongxamiseko zithunyelwa kwiintsuku ezisi-7–15
Inkxaso yenkonzo epheleleyo	Ukususela kuphando, ingcaciso yobugcisa, kunye nekoteshini ukuya kumaxwebhu kunye ne-logistics - ukuhanjiswa kwento yonke
Ukuzibophelela okungenamngcipheko	Iindawo zokujonga umgangatho zangaphakathi ezingaphezu kwama-240 kwaye akukho mahluko kumaxwebhu

 VII. Qhagamshelana nathi

I-Sanonpipe izinikele ekuboneleleni ngeetyhubhu zebhoyila ezingenamthungo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngokuhambelana ne-ТУ 3-923-75 kumacandelo amandla enyukliya nawobushushu eRashiya nakwingingqi ye-CIS. Nokuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezisemgangathweni okanye ubungakanani obulungiselelwe wena, sinikezela ngenkxaso yobuchwephesha yobuchwephesha kunye nezisombululo zokubonelela eziguquguqukayo.

Imizekelo yenkcazo yeenkcukacha eziqhelekileyo:

Труба стальная бесшовная горячедеформированная 630×25 ТУ 3-923-75 / 16ГС
(Ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eqengqelekayo eshushu 630×25, nge-ТУ 3-923-75 nganye, ibakala 16ГС)

Труба стальная бесшовная горячедеформированная 530×18 ТУ 3-923-75 / 15Х1М1Ф
(Ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo eqengqelekayo eshushu 530×18, ngokwe-ТУ 3-923-75, ibakala 15Х1М1Ф)

I-Sanonpipe
+86 22 58658800
info@sanonpipe.com
www.sanonpipe.com

Imigangatho Ephakamileyo · Ukuhanjiswa Okukhawulezayo · Akukho Mngcipheko · Ikhabhoni Ephantsi